Suab Nkauj Kho Siab |

Ib txoj hlua orchestra muaj tsuas yog bowed instruments. Xws li 5 qhov chaw: 1st thiab 2nd violins, violas, cellos, ob chav basses. Yav dhau los, nws tsis yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ua ib qho kev sib xyaw uas txawv ntawm symphony. orchestra, vim nyob rau hauv suab paj nruag 17 - 1st pem teb. 18th caug xyoo tom kawg yog feem ntau txwv rau cov hlua thiab ib lub harpsichord ua si basso continuo (G. Purcell, opera Dido thiab Aeneas); nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag classic - kuj tsis muaj basso continuo (WA ​​Mozart, "Little Night Serenade"). S. o. nyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev nkag siab tsim nyob rau hauv pem teb 2. 19th caug xyoo, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm maturity, symph. orchestra, thaum nws pawg hlua tau lees paub tias yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam ywj pheej. S. o. ob qho tib si intimacy thiab intimacy ntawm cov nqe lus uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub chamber ensemble, thiab qhov nro, nplua nuj ntawm lub suab ntawm lub symphony yog muaj. suab paj nruag. S. o. tau siv nyob rau hauv cov xov tooj ntawm cov suab paj nruag rau ua yeeb yam ("Kev tuag ntawm Oze" los ntawm cov suab paj nruag ntawm E. Grieg mus rau ua yeeb yam. paj huam los ntawm G. Ibsen "Peer Gynt"), nyob rau hauv dep. qhov chaw ntawm orc. suite. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug xov tooj ntawm composers tsim ywj siab. cyclic compositions, feem ntau yog stylization ntawm muses. hom ntawm yav dhau los; Tom qab ntawd lub npe muaj pes tsawg leeg tau pib muab tso rau hauv lub npe (A. Dvorak, Serenade rau cov hlua. orchestra E-dur op. 22, 1875; PI Tchaikovsky, Serenade rau cov hlua. orchestra, 1880; E. Grieg, “Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Holberg. Suite in the old style for strings, orchestra” op. 40, 1885). Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, ntau hom muaj rau embodiment nrog kev pab los ntawm S. o. tau nthuav dav, thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov nplua nuj orc tau nce hauv nws txoj kev txhais lus. suab. Rau S. txog. lawv sau symphoniettas (N. Ya. Myaskovsky, Sinfonietta op. 32, 1929), symphonies (B. Britten, Simple Symphony, 1934; Yu. “In memory of B. Bartok, 1965). Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub orchestra nyob rau hauv lub department. Ib feem culminated nyob rau hauv "Lament for the Victims of Hiroshima" rau xyoo 1958 cov hlua. instruments ntawm K. Penderecki (52). Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo lossis muaj yeeb yuj, lub trumpet feem ntau ntxiv rau cov hlua (A. Honegger, 1960nd symphony, 2, trumpet ad libitum), timpani (MS Weinberg, symphony No 1941, 2; EM Mirzoyan, symphony, 1960), ib pab pawg neeg percussion (J. Bizet – RK Shchedrin, Carmen Suite; AI Pirumov, symphony, 1964).

References: Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Fundamentals of Orchestration, ed. M. Steinberg, ntu 1-2, Berlin – M. – St. Petersburg, 1913, Full. coll. soj., vol. III, M., 1959; ib. Fortunatov Yus. A., Preface, luam tawm suab paj nruag: Myaskovsky N., Symphonietta rau txoj hlua orchestra. Score, M., 1964.

IB Barsova