Pointillism |
Fabkis pointillisme, los ntawm pointiller - sau nrog dots, taw tes - taw tes
Tsab ntawv "dots", ib qho ntawm cov niaj hnub. kev sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm P. yog qhov suab paj nruag. lub tswv yim yog qhia tsis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus los yog motives (xws li melodies) los yog ib tug ncua chords, tab sis nrog kev pab los ntawm jerky (xws li yog cais) suab ncig los ntawm pauses, raws li zoo raws li luv luv, nyob rau hauv 2-3, tsawg zaus 4. suab ntawm motives (feem ntau nrog dav jumps, nthuav tawm ib qho chaw hauv ntau cov ntawv sau npe); lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog cov suab sib txawv-timbre-cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib koom ua ke nrog lawv (ob qho tib si nrog qhov tseeb thiab tsis muaj qhov kawg) thiab lwm yam teebmeem thiab suab nrov. Yog hais tias ib tug ua ke ntawm ob peb yog raug rau polyphony. cov kab melodic, rau homophony - kev txhawb nqa ntawm monody ntawm kev hloov chords-blocks, tom qab ntawd rau P. - motley-xim xim tawg ntawm cov dots ci (li no lub npe):
POLYPHONY HARMONY POINTILLISM
A. Webern raug suav hais tias yog poj koob yawm txwv ntawm P.. Qauv P.:
A. Webern. "Stars" op. 25 nr3.
Ntawm no, qhov nyuaj ntawm tus kws sau cov duab - lub ntuj, hnub qub, hmo ntuj, paj, kev hlub - yog sawv cev los ntawm cov ntse ci ntsa iab ntawm cov suab nrov pointillistic. accompaniment ntaub, uas ua hauj lwm raws li lub teeb thiab sophisticated keeb kwm yav dhau rau lub suab paj nruag.
Rau Webern P. yog tus kheej stylistic. lub sij hawm, ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev xav ("ib qho tshiab hauv ib qho kev piav tes piav taw," sau A. Schoenberg txog Webern's Bagatelles, op. 9), ua ke nrog kev ntshaw kom siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub thiab purity ntawm style. Avant-garde artists ntawm 1950s thiab 60s ua P. ib txoj kev nthuav qhia uas tau siv dav hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm serialism (K. Stockhausen, "Contra-Points", 1953; P. Boulez, "Structures", 1952- 56; L. Nono, “Variants”, 1957).
References: Kohoutek Ts., Cov txheej txheem sau ua suab paj nruag ntawm xyoo 1976th, trans. los ntawm Czech. M., 1967; Schäffer V., Maly Informator muzyki XX wieku, (Kr.), XNUMX.
Yu. N. Kholopov
