New York Philharmonic |

New York Philharmonic

Qhov qub tshaj plaws American symphony orchestra. Founded hauv New York hauv 1842 (hauv 1921 National Orchestra koom nrog nws, hauv 1928 New York Symphony Orchestra).

Thawj thawj coj ntawm New York Philharmonic Orchestra yog WK Hill (tsim New York Philharmonic Society) thiab ES Timm, tom qab ntawd cov thawj coj - T. Eisfeld (1852-55), K. Bergman (1855-59, 1865-76), T. . Thomas (1877-91, nws txoj hauj lwm pab txhawb kev tsim suab paj nruag hauv Tebchaws Meskas), A. Seidl (1891-98) thiab E. Paur (1898-1902).

Xyoo 1891, PI Tchaikovsky tau ua lub New York Philharmonic Orchestra ntawm qhov qhib ntawm Carnegie Hall concert Hall.

Xyoo 1902-06, ntau tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag nto moo tau coj lub suab paj nruag, suav nrog L. Damrosh, V. Mengelberg, F. Weingartner, R. Strauss, E. Colonne, xyoo 1906-09 - tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias VI Safonov, xyoo 1909 - 11 - G. Mahler, uas tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm concerts nyob rau hauv lub caij, tsa lub orchestra qhov kev txawj ntse mus rau ib tug ntau dua. Nws successor yog J. Stransky (1911-22), ces ua los ntawm V. Mengelberg (1922-30), W. Furtwängler (1925-27).

Nyob rau hauv 1927-36, lub orchestra yog thawj coj los ntawm A. Toscanini, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws kev ua si lub New York Philharmonic Orchestra tau txais lub ntiaj teb no koob meej, nyob rau hauv 1936-43 G. Barbirolli yog tus thawj coj suab paj nruag, nyob rau hauv 1951-57 - D. Mitropoulos. Lub orchestra kuj tau ua los ntawm lwm tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag - B. Walter, E. Kleiber, O. Klemperer, T. Beecham, L. Stokowski, S. Munsch thiab lwm tus. Xyoo 1958-69 Ch. tus thawj coj ntawm New York Philharmonic Orchestra yog L. Bernstein, txij li xyoo 1971 - P. Boulez.

G. Mahler, A. Toscanini thiab L. Bernstein tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim New York Philharmonic Orchestra ua ib pab pawg neeg ua yeeb yam, tsim nws cov yeeb yam thiab hauv nws qhov kev lees paub tias yog lub suab paj nruag suab paj nruag ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws.

Composers AG Rubinstein, A. Dvorak, R. Strauss, C. Saint-Saens, A. Honegger, IF Stravinsky, M. Ravel, J. Enescu, E. Vila Lobos thiab lwm tus ua lub New York Philharmonic orchestra thaum lawv ua ntau yam. lawv tej hauj lwm.

Cov kws ntaus nkauj loj tshaj plaws tau rov ua dua nrog lub suab paj nruag: pianists - I. Paderevsky, A. Schnabel, SV Rachmaninov, SS Prokofiev, VS Horowitz, violinists - J. Heifets, DF Oistrakh, J. Szigeti, I. Stern, I. Menuhin thiab lwm tus, singers ntawm lub ntiaj teb no renown.

Ntau yam tam sim no paub ntau yam haujlwm tau ua thawj zaug los ntawm New York Philharmonic Orchestra, ntawm lawv: Dvořák's 9th Symphony ("Los ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb Tshiab"), IF Stravinsky's Symphony hauv 3 qhov chaw, Gershwin's Piano Concerto, thiab lwm yam.

New York Philharmonic Orchestra pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm lub suab paj nruag hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tsuas yog nyob rau New York lub orchestra ib xyoos ib zaug muab 120 concerts, ua yeeb yam nrog xov tooj cua rau cov hluas. Txij xyoo 1930, New York Philharmonic Orchestra tau mus ncig ntau lub tebchaws (hauv USSR xyoo 1959, 1976).

Los ntawm 2002 txog 2009 lub orchestra tau qhia los ntawm Lorin Maazel. Los ntawm 2009 mus rau tam sim no - Alan Gilbert.

IM Markov

Cov thawj coj ntawm Orchestra:

1842-1849 - Ureli Corelli Hill 1849-1854 - Theodor Eisfeld 1854-1855 - Theodor Eisfeld thiab Henry Timm 1855-1856 - Carl Bergman 1856-1858 - Theodor Eisfeld 1858-1859 Berlgman 1859-1865 Carldman -1865 – Carl Bergman 1876-1876 – Leopold Damrosch 1877-1877 — Theodore Thomas 1878-1878 – Adolf Neuendorf 1879-1879 — Theodore Thomas 1891-1891 – Anton Seidl 1898 1898-1902 – Anton Seidl 1902 1903-1906 - Vasily Safonov 1909-1909 - Gustav Mahler 1911-1911 - Josef Stransky 1923-1922 - Willem Mengelberg 1930-1928 - Arturo Toscanini 1936-1936 - John Barbirolli 1941-1943-1947-1947-1949-1949-1950-1949-1958-1958-1969 Stokowski 1969-1970 - Dimitris Mitropoulos 1971-1977 - Leonard Bernstein 1978-1991 - George Muag 1991-2002 - Pierre Boulez 2002-2009 - Zubin Meta - 2009-XNUMX - XNUMX lbsur XNUMX-XNUMX - XNUMX XNUMX-XNUMX Kurerrin