Luigi Lablache |

Luigi Lablache

Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntses bass thaj tsam, Lablache tau nicknamed Zeus tus Thunderer. Nws muaj lub suab muaj zog nrog lub teeb ci ntsa iab, ntau yam, uas tau zoo heev hauv cantilena thiab hauv virtuoso zaj lus. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam ci ntsa iab, nws ua ke hauv nws cov duab kos duab virtuoso improvisation nrog qhov tseeb tseeb, tsim cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Lavxias teb sab composer AN Serov ranked nws nyob rau hauv lub "qib ntawm zoo singer-actors." "Zoo siab rau cov kiv cua ntawm Lablache piv nws lub D sab sauv nrog lub suab nrov ntawm dej tsaws tsag thiab tawg ntawm lub roob hluav taws," sau Yu.A. Volkov. - Tab sis lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub sij hawm kom subordinate nws loj, yooj yim flammable temperament rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub luag hauj lwm. Lablache ua ke kev tshoov siab improvisation nrog lub suab paj nruag siab thiab ua yeeb yam kab lis kev cai.

Wagner, tau hnov ​​​​nws hauv Don Juan, tau hais tias: "Lub Leporello tiag tiag ... Nws lub suab bass thaj tsam muaj zog txhua lub sijhawm khaws cov yoog raws thiab muaj suab npe ... Zoo li lub suab nrov nrov, txawm hais tias nws yog mobile heev, Leporello no yog ib tus neeg dag tsis txaus ntseeg, tus neeg hais lus cowardly. Nws tsis fuss, tsis khiav, tsis seev cev, thiab tseem nws yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev, ib txwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, qhov twg nws lub qhov ntswg ntse hnov ​​​​cov txiaj ntsig, kev lom zem lossis kev tu siab ... "

Luigi Lablache yug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 6, 1794 hauv Naples. Txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum ob, Luigi kawm ntawm Naples Conservatory los ua si lub cello thiab tom qab ntawd ob lub bass. Tom qab koom nrog (contralto part) hauv Spanish Requiem, Mozart pib kawm hu nkauj. Nyob rau hauv 1812 nws ua nws debut ntawm San Carlo Opera House (Naples). Lablache Ameslikas ua raws li tus ntses bass thaj tsam. Fame coj nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ib feem ntawm Geronimo hauv Opera "Secret Marriage".

Thaum Lub Yim Hli 15, 1821, Lablache ua nws thawj zaug ntawm La Scala li Dandini hauv Rossini's Cinderella. Cov Milanese nco txog nws nyob rau hauv lub operas Don Pasquale thiab Barber ntawm Seville.

Nyob rau hauv comic operas, "hnyav rog" ntses bass thaj tsam Lablache yog tus mlom ntawm cov pej xeem. Nws lub suab, ntawm ib lub ci ntsa iab thiab ntau yam, tuab thiab muaj kua, tsis yog yam tsis muaj laj thawj piv los ntawm cov neeg kawm nrog lub suab nrov ntawm dej tsaws tsag, thiab sab saud "D" tau zoo li qhov tawg ntawm lub roob hluav taws. Ib qho khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws, kev tsis txaus ntseeg gaiety thiab lub siab sib sib zog nqus tso cai rau tus kws kos duab ci rau ntawm theem.

Los ntawm lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Bartolo Lablache tsim ib tug masterpiece. Tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas qub tau tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho kev npaj txhij txog: nws hloov tawm tias nws tsis yog tus neeg siab phem thiab tsis yog neeg phem, tab sis tus neeg tsis paub lus yws, maddeningly nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv. Txawm hais tias nws cem Rosina, nws siv sijhawm los maj mam hnia tus ntxhais lub ntsis ntiv tes. Thaum lub sij hawm ua yeeb yam ntawm aria txog kev hais lus phem, Bartolo tau ua kev sib tham nrog tus khub - nws tau mloog, xav tsis thoob, xav tsis thoob, npau taws heev - yog li monstrous yog lub hauv paus ntawm venerable Don Basilio rau nws ingenuous xwm.

Lub ncov ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj nrov ntog rau lub sijhawm nws ua yeeb yam hauv London thiab Paris xyoo 1830-1852.

Ntau yam ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Donizetti: Dulcamara ("Hlub Potion"), Marine Faliero, Henry VIII ("Anne Boleyn").

G. Mazzini sau txog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam ntawm opera Anna Boleyn raws li hauv qab no: “… tus kheej ntawm cov cim, uas cov neeg dig muag ua raws li Rossini cov lus uas tsis quav ntsej txog, tau mob siab rau pom ntau yam ntawm Donizetti cov haujlwm thiab tau piav qhia tsis tshua muaj. zog. Leej twg tsis tau hnov ​​​​hauv suab paj nruag depiction ntawm Henry VIII lub siab phem, tib lub sij hawm tyrannical thiab unnatural yam, uas zaj dab neeg qhia txog? Thiab thaum Lablache pov tawm cov lus no: "Lwm tus yuav zaum ntawm lub zwm txwv Askiv, nws yuav tsim nyog muaj kev hlub ntau dua," leej twg tsis xav tias nws tus ntsuj plig tshee hnyo, leej twg tsis nkag siab txog lub sijhawm no cov lus zais ntawm tus neeg ntxeev siab, leej twg. tsis saib nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tshav puam uas ua rau Boleyn tuag?

Ib qho kev lom zem yog hais hauv nws phau ntawv los ntawm D. Donati-Petteni. Nws piav txog lub sijhawm thaum Lablache tau los ua Donizetti tus neeg koom tes tsis xav tau:

"Lub sijhawm ntawd, Lablache tau npaj hmo tsis nco qab hauv nws chav tsev luxurious, uas nws tau caw nws cov phooj ywg ze tshaj plaws. Donizetti feem ntau tuaj koom cov kev ua koob tsheej no, uas Fabkis hu ua - lub sijhawm no nrog qhov laj thawj zoo - "pasta".

Thiab qhov tseeb, thaum ib tag hmo, thaum lub suab paj nruag nres thiab seev cev xaus, txhua leej txhua tus mus rau chav noj mov. Lub cauldron loj loj tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, thiab hauv nws - macaroni invariable, uas Lablache invariably kho cov qhua. Txhua tus tau txais lawv feem. Tus tswv tsev tau nyob ntawm qhov noj mov thiab txaus siab rau nws tus kheej nrog saib lwm tus noj. Tab sis sai li sai tau thaum cov qhua ua noj hmo, nws zaum ntawm lub rooj ib leeg. Ib daim ntaub loj loj uas khi nws caj dab npog nws lub hauv siab, tsis hais ib lo lus, nws tau noj cov seem ntawm nws cov tais nyiam nrog kev xav tsis thoob.

Thaum Donizetti, uas tseem nyiam cov nplej zom, tuaj txog lig - txhua yam tau noj.

"Kuv yuav muab cov nplej zom rau koj," Lablache hais tias, "ntawm ib qho xwm txheej." Ntawm no yog lub album. Zaum ntawm lub rooj thiab sau ob nplooj ntawv suab paj nruag. Thaum koj sau ntawv, txhua tus neeg nyob ib puag ncig yuav nyob twj ywm, thiab yog tias leej twg hais lus, lawv yuav nteg tawm, thiab kuv yuav rau txim rau tus neeg ua phem.

Donizetti hais tias "pom zoo,"

Nws muab tus cwj mem thiab teem mus ua haujlwm. Kuv nyuam qhuav kos ob kab suab paj nruag thaum ib tug neeg daim di ncauj zoo nkauj tau hais ob peb lo lus. Nws yog Signora Persiani. Nws hais rau Mario:

"Peb bet nws tau sau ib cavatina.

Thiab Mario carelessly teb:

“Yog hais tias nws yog rau kuv, kuv yuav zoo siab.

Thalberg kuj ua txhaum txoj cai, thiab Lablache tau hu tag nrho peb los txiav txim hauv lub suab nrov nrov:

- Fant, signorina Persiani, fant, Thalberg.

– Kuv ua tiav! hais tias Donizetti.

Nws sau ob nplooj ntawv suab paj nruag hauv 22 feeb. Lablache muab nws txhais tes rau nws thiab coj nws mus rau hauv chav noj mov, qhov twg ib lub ncuav mog qab zib tshiab tuaj txog.

Tus maestro zaum ntawm lub rooj thiab pib noj zoo li Gargantua. Lub caij no, hauv chav nyob, Lablache tau tshaj tawm qhov kev rau txim ntawm peb tus neeg ua txhaum ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb: Signorina Persiani thiab Mario tau hu nkauj los ntawm L'elisir d'amore, thiab Thalberg mus nrog. Nws yog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus scene. Lawv pib nrov nrov hu rau tus sau, thiab Donizetti, khi nrog ib daim ntaub so ntswg, pib qhuas lawv.

Ob hnub tom qab, Donizetti nug Lablache rau ib qho album uas nws kaw suab paj nruag. Nws ntxiv cov lus, thiab ob nplooj ntawv suab paj nruag dhau los ua pawg hu nkauj los ntawm Don Pasquale, lub suab paj nruag zoo nkauj uas tau suab thoob Paris ob lub hlis tom qab. "

Tsis xav tsis thoob, Lablache tau los ua thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub luag haujlwm hauv Opera Don Pasquale. Lub opera premiered rau Lub ib hlis ntuj 4, 1843 ntawm lub Théâtre d'Italien nyob Paris nrog Grisi, Lablache, Tamburini thiab Mario. Txoj kev vam meej yeej yeej.

Lub tsev ntawm Italian theatre tsis tau pom xws li lub rooj sib tham ci ntsa iab ntawm Parisian nobility. Ib tug yuav tsum pom, nco qab Escudier, thiab ib tug yuav tsum hnov ​​Lablache nyob rau hauv Donizetti lub siab tshaj plaws creation. Thaum tus kws ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim nrog nws lub ntsej muag me me, deftly thiab tib lub sijhawm, zoo li nws nyob hauv qhov hnyav ntawm nws lub cev rog (nws yuav muab nws txhais tes thiab lub siab rau Norina), tus phooj ywg luag tau hnov ​​thoob plaws hauv lub tsev. Thaum, nrog nws lub suab amazing, overriding tag nrho lwm cov suab thiab lub orchestra, nws thundered nyob rau hauv lub nto moo, tsis txawj tuag quartet, lub tsev tau ntes nrog tiag tiag admiration - lub intoxication ntawm kev zoo siab, ib tug loj kev yeej rau ob lub singer thiab composer.

Lablash ua si ntau lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv Rossinian productions: Leporello, Assur, William Qhia, Fernando, Mauxes (Semiramide, William Qhia, Thieving Magpie, Mauxes). Lablache yog thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Walton (Bellini's Puritani, 1835), suav Moore (Verdi's Robbers, 1847).

Los ntawm 1852/53 lub caij mus rau 1856/57 lub caij, Lablache hu nkauj ntawm Italian Opera hauv St.

"Tus kws kos duab, uas muaj tus cwj pwm muaj tswv yim zoo, ua tiav qhov ua yeeb yam thiab cov yam ntxwv, tau tshwm sim ua ntej cov neeg tuaj saib Lavxias ua tus ntses bass thaj tsam," sau Gozenpud. - Kev lom zem, tus kheej, qhov khoom plig tsis tshua muaj theem, lub suab muaj zog nrog ntau yam txiav txim siab nws qhov tseem ceeb raws li tus kws kos duab tsis zoo ntawm lub suab paj nruag. Ntawm nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws, peb yuav tsum ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov duab ntawm Leporello, Bartolo, Don Pasquale. Tag nrho cov theem tsim ntawm Lablache, raws li kev kawm, tau tawm tsam hauv lawv qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb. Xws li yog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nws Leporello – impudent thiab zoo-natured, txaus siab rau tus tswv yeej thiab ib txwm tsis txaus siab rau txhua yam, impudent, cowardly. Lablache captivated cov neeg tuaj saib raws li ib tug singer thiab actor. Nyob rau hauv daim duab ntawm Bartolo, nws tsis hais txog nws cov khoom tsis zoo. Bartolo tsis npau taws thiab khib, tab sis lom zem thiab txawm kov. Tej zaum qhov kev txhais lus no tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev coj noj coj ua los ntawm Paisiello's The Barber of Seville. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm tus cwj pwm tsim los ntawm tus artist yog innocence. "

Rostislav tau sau tias: “Lablash tswj tau muab (ib tog me me) qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb ... Nws yog ob qho tib si tsis zoo thiab tsis ntseeg, thiab dag vim nws yooj yim. Nco ntsoov cov lus qhia ntawm Lablache lub ntsej muag thaum Don Basilio's aria la calunma. Lablache tau ua ib qho kev sib tw tawm ntawm aria, tab sis lub duet yog mimic. Nws tsis dheev nkag siab txhua lub hauv paus ntawm kev hais lus phem uas tau muab los ntawm kev txawj ntse Don Basilio - nws mloog, xav tsis thoob, ua raws txhua qhov kev txav ntawm nws tus neeg sib tham thiab tseem tsis tuaj yeem tso cai rau nws tus kheej rau nws cov ntsiab lus yooj yim kom ib tug neeg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv paus zoo li no.

Lablache, nrog rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm style, ua suab paj nruag Italian, German thiab Fabkis, tsis muaj qhov exaggerating lossis caricaturing, ua tus piv txwv siab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab style.

Thaum kawg ntawm kev ncig xyuas hauv Russia, Lablache ua tiav nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm theem opera. Nws rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg Naples, qhov chaw nws tuag thaum Lub Ib Hlis 23, 1858.