Keeb kwm ntawm cymbals

Cymbals - ib txoj hlua suab paj nruag ntawm tsev neeg percussion, muaj cov duab ntawm lub trapezoid nrog cov hlua ncab rau nws. Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub suab tshwm sim thaum ob tug ntoo mallets raug ntaus.Cymbals muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj. Thawj cov duab ntawm tus txheeb ze ntawm chordophone cymbals tuaj yeem pom ntawm Sumerian amphora ntawm XNUMXth-XNUMXrd xyoo txhiab BC. e. Ib qho cuab yeej zoo sib xws tau piav qhia hauv bas-relief los ntawm Thawj Babylonian Dynasty nyob rau xyoo pua XNUMX BC. e. Nws depicts ib tug txiv neej ua si nrog sticks ntawm ib tug ntoo xya-txoj hlua ntsuas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nkhaus arc.

Cov Assyrians muaj lawv tus kheej triganon twj, zoo ib yam li cov cymbals thaum ub. Nws muaj ib daim duab peb sab, yog cuaj-txoj hlua, lub suab tau muab rho tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm sticks. Cymbal zoo li cov cuab yeej muaj nyob hauv Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws - monochord, Tuam Tshoj - zhu. Hauv Is Nrias teb, lub luag haujlwm ntawm dulcimer tau ua - santur, cov hlua uas tau ua los ntawm cov nyom munja, thiab ua si nrog xyoob sticks. Los ntawm txoj kev, raws li keeb kwm N. Findeisen, gypsies coj cymbals mus rau Tebchaws Europe. Nws yog cov neeg nomadic nyob rau xyoo pua AD. pib nws txoj kev khiav tawm ntawm Is Nrias teb, koom nrog cov qib ntawm Me Me Russians, Belarusians thiab lwm pab pawg neeg Slavic.

Ib txhij nrog kev sib kis, kev tsim cov cymbals tau txhim kho. Cov twj paj nruag pib hloov cov duab thiab qhov loj me, qhov zoo ntawm cov hlua kuj hloov, yog tias thaum xub thawj lawv raug tso tseg los yog plab hnyuv, ces nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XNUMX nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Esxias lawv pib siv tooj liab alloy hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX, hlau hlau pib siv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XIV, lub medieval nobility qhia tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus siab rau cov suab paj nruas seev. Txhua tus poj niam ntawm cov chav kawm sab saud sim ua kom paub qhov kev ua si ntawm lawv. Lub sij hawm XVII-XVIII caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm, lub cymbals yog inextricably txuas nrog lub npe ntawm Pantaleon Gebenshtreit. Nrog lub teeb txhais tes ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Fabkis, Louis XIV, lub npe tshiab "pantaleon" yog muab rau lub cuab tam nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus zoo German cymbalist.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX, cov kws sau paj huam tau pib qhia cymbals rau hauv opera orchestra. Ib qho piv txwv yog opera "Ban Bank" los ntawm Ferenc Erkel thiab operetta "Gypsy Hlub" los ntawm Ferenc Lehar.

Tus tswv Hungarian V. Shunda tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov cymbals; nws nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlua, ntxiv dag zog rau tus ncej, thiab ntxiv cov damper mechanism.Nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Lavxias teb sab princes, cymbals tshwm nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 1586. Hauv XNUMX, Poj huab tais Elizabeth ntawm Askiv tau ua khoom plig rau poj huab tais Lavxias Irina Feodorovna hauv daim ntawv suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv lawv muaj cymbals inlaid nrog kub thiab precious pob zeb. Qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab lub suab ntawm lub cuab yeej tsuas yog nyiam poj huab tais. Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich kuj yog ib tug kiv cua loj ntawm cymbals. Cymbalists Milenty Stepanov, Tomilo Besov thiab Andrey Andreev ua si ntawm nws lub tsev hais plaub. Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, tus naas ej cymbalist Johann Baptist Gumpenhuber lom zem lub tsev hais plaub nobility nrog nws virtuoso ua si, surprise txhua leej txhua tus nrog purity ntawm nws kev ua tau zoo. Kev lees paub zoo, cymbals tau txais hauv thaj av ntawm Ukraine, nkag mus rau cov suab paj nruag ntawm pej xeem kos duab. Cov hlua nyob rau hauv lub cymbals tau xub rub ib los ntawm ib tug, ob rau txhua lub suab, los yog txawm peb - ​​choirs ntawm cov hlua. Cymbals muaj ntau yam ntawm ob thiab ib nrab mus rau plaub octaves.

Muaj ob hom cymbals: pej xeem thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj-kev kawm. Lawv lub suab haum txig rau hauv kev ua si ntawm ib lub orchestra loj.