Arvo Avgustovich Pärt |

Arvo Part

Arvo Pärt yog ib tus kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab sab ntsuj plig ntawm peb lub sijhawm, tus kws kos duab ntawm kev ntseeg zoo sab hauv thiab kev simplicity. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug par nrog xws li zoo heev kawm composers xws li A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, G. Kancheli, E. Denisov. Nws thawj zaug tau koob meej nyob rau hauv lub 50s, tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm fashionable neoclassicism, ces sim nrog tag nrho cov arsenal ntawm avant-garde - serial txheej txheem, sonorics, polystylistics; ib tug ntawm cov thawj ntawm Soviet composers tig mus rau aleatorics thiab collage. Ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm cov xyoo ntawd - "Obituary" rau ib tug symphony orchestra, ua si "Perpetuum mobile", mob siab rau Luigi Nono; “Collage on theme BACH”, Second Symphony, cello concerto “Pro et contra”, cantata “Credo” (ntawm cov ntawv nyeem los ntawm Lus Qhuab Qhia saum roob). Nyob rau hauv lub lig 60s, npaj txhij txog rau txhua leej txhua tus, Pärt tawm hauv avant-garde thiab sau tsis muaj dab tsi rau 8 xyoo (tsuas yog 3 symphonies tshwm sim).

Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo 1970s, tus kws sau nkauj tau nquag kawm cov suab paj nruag thaum ntxov hauv kev koom tes nrog Hortus musicus pawg. Kev paub nrog Gregorian chant thiab medieval polyphony txiav txim siab cov kev taw qhia ntawm tus composer lub tswv yim evolution ntawm diatonicity, modality thiab euphony. "Gregorian chant tau qhia kuv txog dab tsi cosmic zais cia hauv kev kos duab ntawm kev sib txuas ob lossis peb sau ntawv," tus kws sau ntawv tau hais ntxiv. Txij no mus, sau nkauj ua rau Pärt ib hom kev pabcuam siab dua, txo qis thiab tsis lees paub tus kheej.

Tus kws sau nkauj hu ua nws cov qauv tshiab, raws li cov suab lus yooj yim tshaj plaws, tintinnabuli (lat. tswb) thiab tau piav qhia tias nws yog "kev khiav tawm mus rau kev ywj pheej kev txom nyem." Txawm li cas los xij, nws "yooj yim", "tsis zoo" thiab pom meej suab paj nruag yog qhov nyuaj thiab ua tib zoo tsim. Tus kws sau ntawv rov hais dua lub tswv yim tias tsis yog suab paj nruag xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub cosmos tau tsav los ntawm tus lej, "thiab tus lej no, zoo li kuv, yog ib qho. Tab sis nws tau muab zais, koj yuav tsum mus rau nws, twv, txwv tsis pub peb yuav poob hauv kev kub ntxhov. " Tus naj npawb rau Pärt tsis yog tsuas yog qeb kev xav xwb, tab sis kuj txiav txim siab qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom thiab daim ntawv.

Thawj thawj cov haujlwm ntawm nruab nrab-70s, tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm "simplicity tshiab" - Arbos, Fraters, Summa, Tabula rasa thiab lwm tus coj Pärt thoob ntiaj teb koob meej thiab yog dav ua. Tom qab emigrating los ntawm lub Soviet Union (1980), Pärt nyob rau hauv Berlin thiab sau yuav luag tshwj xeeb dawb huv suab paj nruag rau cov tsoos Catholic thiab Orthodox ntawv (nyob rau hauv 1972 tus composer hloov dua siab tshiab rau txoj kev ntseeg Orthodox). Ntawm lawv: Stabat Mater, Berlin pawg, "Song of Silouan" (Monk of Athos), Cantus nco txog B. Britten, Te Deum, Miserere, Magnificat, "Song of the Pilgrimage", "Tam sim no kuv tso siab rau koj", "Kuv txoj kev nyob ntawm lub roob thiab hav", "Peb tus poj niam ntawm tus nkauj xwb", "Kuv yog lub vine tseeb" thiab ntau lwm tus.

Tau qhov twg los: meloman.ru