Anton Stepanovich Arensky |

Anton Arensky

Arensky. Violin Concerto (Jascha Heifetz)

Arensky yog ib tug xav tsis thoob hauv suab paj nruag… Nws yog ib tug neeg nthuav heev! P. Tchaikovsky

Ntawm qhov tshiab tshaj plaws, Arensky yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yooj yim, melodic… L. Tolstoy

Cov kws ntaus nkauj thiab cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg thiab qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua no yuav tsis ntseeg tias Arensky txoj haujlwm thiab txawm tias lub npe ntawm Arensky tom qab tsuas yog peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo yuav tsis paub tsawg. Tom qab tag nrho, nws operas, symphonic thiab chamber compositions, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piano tej hauj lwm thiab romances, sounded tas li, staged nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws theaters, ua los ntawm nto moo artists, warmly txais los ntawm critics thiab cov pej xeem ... . Nws txiv, tus kws kho mob Nizhny Novgorod, yog ib tug kws ntaus suab paj nruag, thiab nws niam yog ib tug pianist zoo. Cov theem tom ntej ntawm Arensky lub neej yog txuas nrog St. Ntawm no nws txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm suab paj nruag thiab nyob rau hauv 1882 nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub conservatory nyob rau hauv lub composition ntawm N. Rimsky-Korsakov. Nws tau koom nrog tsis sib xws, tab sis tau pom lub peev xwm ci ntsa iab thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig kub. Cov tub ntxhais suab paj nruag tam sim ntawd raug caw mus rau Moscow Conservatory raws li ib tug xib fwb ntawm theoretical kev kawm, tom qab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Arensky los ua phooj ywg nrog Tchaikovsky thiab Taneyev. Lub hwj chim ntawm thawj zaug tau txiav txim siab rau Arensky lub suab paj nruag creativity, lub thib ob los ua ib tug phooj ywg. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm Taneyev, Tchaikovsky muab Arensky lub libretto ntawm nws thaum ntxov rhuav tshem opera Voyevoda, thiab opera Npau suav ntawm lub Volga tshwm sim, ua tiav staged los ntawm Moscow Bolshoi Theatre nyob rau hauv 1890. Tchaikovsky hu nws ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, "thiab nyob rau hauv ib co. qhov chaw txawm zoo heev Lavxias teb sab opera" thiab hais ntxiv: "Qhov chaw ntawm Voyevoda npau suav ua rau kuv los kua muag qab zib." Lwm qhov kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm Arensky, Raphael, zoo li qhov nruj Taneyev muaj peev xwm sib npaug ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj thiab cov pej xeem; Nyob rau hauv lub chaw muag mis nyuj ntawm tus neeg no unsentimental peb pom nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog Raphael tib lo lus raws li nyob rau hauv Tchaikovsky lub confession: "Kuv twb tsiv los kua muag ..." Tej zaum qhov no kuj siv rau cov tseem nrov Song ntawm tus singer tom qab theem - "Lub plawv trembles nrog. kev mob siab rau thiab kev kaj siab”?

Arensky kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv Moscow muaj ntau yam. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom, nws tsim cov phau ntawv uas tau siv los ntawm ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj. Rachmaninov thiab Scriabin, A. Koreshchenko, G. Konyus, R. Glier kawm hauv nws chav kawm. Cov tom kawg rov qab hais tias: “… Arensky cov lus thiab cov lus qhia tau zoo dua li kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov xwm txheej.” Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tsis sib xws ntawm Arensky - nws yog ib tus neeg uas raug coj mus thiab ceev nrooj - qee zaum ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog nws cov tub ntxhais kawm. Arensky ua yeeb yam raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib, ob leeg nrog ib tug symphony orchestra thiab concerts ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Lavxias teb sab Choral Society. Tsis ntev, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm M. Balakirev, Arensky raug caw mus rau St. Petersburg mus rau tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub Tsev Hais Plaub Choir. Txoj hauj lwm yog heev hwm, tab sis kuj hnyav heev thiab tsis sib haum mus rau lub suab paj nruag inclinations. Rau 6 xyoo nws tsim ob peb tej hauj lwm thiab, tsuas yog, tau tso tawm los ntawm kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv 1901, nws rov pib ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv concerts thiab sau ntau heev. Tab sis ib tug kab mob nyob tos nws - pulmonary tuberculosis, uas ob peb xyoos tom qab coj nws mus rau qhov ntxa ...

Ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo ntawm Arensky tej hauj lwm yog F. Chaliapin: nws hu nkauj romantic ballad "hma", mob siab rau nws, thiab "Children's Songs", thiab - nrog kev vam meej tshaj plaws - "Minstrel". V. Komissarzhevskaya tau ua nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm melodeclamation thoob plaws thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua, nrog rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm Arensky cov hauj lwm; Cov neeg mloog nco ntsoov nws nyeem ntawv ntawm lub suab paj nruag "Yuav ua li cas zoo, cov roses tshiab ..." Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws - Trio hauv D me tuaj yeem pom hauv Stravinsky's "Kev Sib Tham": "Arensky ... kho kuv tus phooj ywg, nrog kev txaus siab. thiab pab kuv; Kuv ib txwm nyiam nws thiab tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, lub npe nrov piano trio. (Cov npe ntawm ob tus kws sau nkauj yuav ntsib tom qab - ntawm Paris daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm S. Diaghilev, uas yuav suav nrog cov suab paj nruag ntawm Arensky's ballet "Egyptian Nights".)

Leo Tolstoy muaj nuj nqis rau Arensky saum toj no lwm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias niaj hnub, thiab tshwj xeeb, suites rau ob lub pianos, uas yeej yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Arensky cov ntawv sau. (Tsis yog tsis muaj lawv lub hwj chim, tom qab ntawd nws tau sau suites rau tib lub ntsiab lus ntawm Rachmaninov). Hauv ib tsab ntawv ntawm Taneyev, uas nyob nrog Tolstoys hauv Yasnaya Polyana lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1896 thiab, ua ke nrog A. Goldenweiser, ua si yav tsaus ntuj rau tus kws sau ntawv, nws tau tshaj tawm: "Ob hnub dhau los, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib lub zej zog loj, peb ua si ... ntawm ob lub pianos "Silhouettes" (Suite E 2. - LK) los ntawm Anton Stepanovich, uas tau zoo heev thiab sib haum xeeb Lev Nikolaevich nrog cov suab paj nruag tshiab. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam Tus Neeg Spanish Dancer (tus lej kawg), thiab nws xav txog nws ntev. Suites thiab lwm yam piano mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam - txog thaum xyoo 1940s - 50s. - khaws cia rau hauv repertoire ntawm Soviet pianists ntawm cov laus tiam, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Arensky - Goldenweiser thiab K. Igumnov. Thiab tseem suab hauv concerts thiab hauv xov tooj cua Fantasia ntawm cov ntsiab lus los ntawm Ryabinin rau piano thiab orchestra, tsim nyob rau hauv 1899. Rov qab rau thaum ntxov 90s. Arensky sau cia nyob rau hauv Moscow los ntawm ib tug zoo kawg li zaj dab neeg, lub Olonets neeg pluag Ivan Trofimovich Ryabinin, ob peb epics; thiab ob tug ntawm lawv - hais txog boyar Skopin-Shuisky thiab "Volga thiab Mikula" - nws coj raws li lub hauv paus ntawm nws Fantasy. Fantasia, Trio, thiab ntau lwm yam khoom siv thiab suab los ntawm Arensky, tsis yog qhov tob heev hauv lawv cov kev xav thiab kev txawj ntse, tsis txawv los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, tib lub sijhawm nyiam nrog lub siab dawb paug ntawm cov nkauj - feem ntau zoo nkauj - nqe lus, suab paj nruag dav. Lawv yog temperamental, graceful, artistic. Cov khoom no txhawb cov neeg mloog lub siab rau Arensky lub suab paj nruag. xyoo dhau los. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xyiv fab txawm tias niaj hnub no, vim lawv tau cim los ntawm ob qho tib si txuj ci thiab kev txawj ntse.

L. Korabelnikova