Alto flute: nws yog dab tsi, muaj pes tsawg leeg, suab, daim ntawv thov

Lub raj nplaim yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag qub. Thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm, nws cov hom tshiab tau tshwm sim thiab txhim kho. Ib tug nrov niaj hnub variation yog lub transverse flute. Lub transverse suav nrog ob peb lwm yam, ib qho yog hu ua alto.

Dab tsi yog alto flute

Lub alto flute yog cua tshuab raj. Ib feem ntawm tsev neeg flute niaj hnub. Cov cuab yeej yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Lub alto flute yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntev thiab dav. Cov li qub muaj qhov tsim tshwj xeeb. Thaum ua si alto flute, tus ntaus suab paj nruag siv ua pa hnyav dua li ntawm lub tshuab raj tsis tu ncua.

Theobald Böhm, tus kws sau ntawv German, tau los ua tus tsim thiab tsim cov cuab yeej. Xyoo 1860, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 66, Boehm tsim nws raws li nws tus kheej lub cev. Nyob rau xyoo 1910, lub kaw lus hu ua Boehm Mechanics. Hauv XNUMX, tus kws sau ntawv Italian tau hloov kho cov cuab yeej los muab lub suab qis qis.

Cov duab ntawm lub tshuab raj muaj 2 hom - "kho" thiab "ncaj". Cov duab nkhaus yog nyiam los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam me me. Daim ntawv tsis yog tus qauv yuav tsum tau qis dua ntawm caj npab, tsim kom muaj kev kaj siab vim qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus los ze zog rau tus neeg ua yeeb yam. Cov qauv ncaj qha siv ntau zaus vim nws muaj lub suab ci.

sounding

Feem ntau cov ntsuas suab hauv G thiab F tuning - ib lub hlis twg qis dua cov ntawv sau. Nws yog qhov ua tau kom rho tawm cov ntawv siab dua, tab sis cov kws sau ntawv tsis tshua siv rau qhov no. Lub suab nrov tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv qis qis. Cov ntawv sau npe sab saud yog qhov ntse, nrog qhov sib txawv me me ntawm cov ntoo.

Vim qhov qis qis, cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag Askiv hu cov cuab yeej no hu ua bass flute. Lub npe British tsis meej pem - muaj lub ntiaj teb nto moo ntsuas nrog tib lub npe. Qhov tsis meej pem nrog lub npe tshwm sim vim qhov zoo sib xws nrog lub suab nrov nrov ntawm Renaissance. Lawv suab tib yam hauv C. Raws li, lub suab qis yuav tsum hu ua bass.

Daim ntawv thov

Lub cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm alto flute yog lub orchestra. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX, nws tau siv los rho tawm lub suab qis raws li kev sib txuas mus rau qhov seem ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov suab paj nruag pop, nws pib siv solo. Ib feem tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​hauv Glazunov's Eighth Symphony, Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring, Boulez's Hammer Without a Master.

Ib qho kev siv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm alto flute hauv cov suab paj nruag nrov yog zaj nkauj "California Dreamin" los ntawm Mamas & the Papas. Ib zaug nrog zaj nkauj tau tso tawm xyoo 1965, dhau los ua kev ntaus thoob ntiaj teb. Cov tooj dag soothing tau ua los ntawm Bud Shank, ib tus neeg Asmeskas saxophonist thiab flutist.

Thaum sau cov suab paj nruag rau cov yeeb yaj kiab, John Debney siv lub suab nrov nrov. Oscar-winning composer tau sau nkauj rau ntau tshaj 150 zaj duab xis. Debney cov qhab nia suav nrog The Passion of the Christ, Spider-Man 2, thiab Iron Man 2.

Tsim muaj tsawg dua 200 xyoo dhau los, lub alto flute tau nrov nrov thiab tseem siv niaj hnub no. Cov pov thawj yog siv ntau hauv orchestras thiab thaum kaw pop hits.