Johann Strauss (tus tub) |

Johann Strauss (tus tub)

Tus kws sau ntawv Austrian I. Strauss hu ua "tus huab tais ntawm waltz". Nws txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm Vienna nrog nws cov kev coj ua ntev ntev ntawm kev hlub rau kev seev cev. Inexhaustible inspiration ua ke nrog lub siab tshaj plaws txawj ua Strauss ib tug tiag tiag classic ntawm seev cev suab paj nruag. Ua tsaug rau nws, Viennese waltz mus dhau lub xyoo pua XNUMX. thiab tau los ua ib feem ntawm lub neej niaj hnub suab paj nruag.

Strauss yug los rau hauv tsev neeg nplua nuj nyob rau hauv suab paj nruag kab lig kev cai. Nws txiv, kuj yog Johann Strauss, tau teeb tsa nws tus kheej lub suab paj nruag hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws tus tub yug thiab yeej koob meej thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe nrog nws cov waltzes, polkas, marches.

Leej txiv xav ua kom nws tus tub ua lag luam thiab categorically tawm tsam nws txoj kev kawm suab paj nruag. Txhua qhov kev tawm tsam ntau tshaj yog cov txuj ci loj ntawm me ntsis Johann thiab nws lub siab nyiam rau suab paj nruag. Tsis pub leej twg paub los ntawm nws txiv, nws tau kawm violin los ntawm F. Amon (accompanist ntawm Strauss orchestra) thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo sau nws thawj waltz. Qhov no tau ua raws li kev tshawb fawb loj ntawm kev muaj pes tsawg leeg raws li kev qhia ntawm I. Drexler.

Xyoo 1844, muaj hnub nyoog kaum cuaj xyoo Strauss sib sau ua ke lub suab paj nruag los ntawm cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag uas muaj hnub nyoog tib yam thiab npaj nws thawj hmo ua las voos. Tus tub hluas debutant tau dhau los ua tus neeg sib tw txaus ntshai rau nws txiv (uas thaum ntawd yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ballroom orchestra). Lub neej muaj tswv yim zoo ntawm Strauss Jr. pib, maj mam yeej dhau qhov kev xav ntawm Viennese.

Tus composer tau tshwm sim ua ntej lub orchestra nrog ib tug violin. Nws tau ua thiab ua si tib lub sijhawm (xws li nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm I. Haydn thiab WA ​​Mozart), thiab txhawb cov neeg tuaj saib nrog nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam.

Strauss siv daim ntawv ntawm Viennese waltz uas I. Lanner thiab nws txiv tsim: "garland" ntawm ob peb, feem ntau tsib, melodic tsim nrog kev taw qhia thiab xaus. Tab sis qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab tshiab ntawm cov suab paj nruag, lawv cov smoothness thiab lyricism, Mozartian sib haum xeeb, pob tshab suab ntawm lub orchestra nrog sab ntsuj plig hu nkauj violins, kev xyiv fab ntawm lub neej - tag nrho cov no hloov Strauss's waltzes rau hauv paj huam romantic. Nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm daim ntawv thov, npaj rau kev seev cev suab paj nruag, masterpieces yog tsim uas muab tiag tiag aesthetic Library. Cov npe ntawm cov npe ntawm Strauss waltzes tau cuam tshuam ntau yam kev xav thiab cov xwm txheej. Thaum lub sij hawm lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1848, "Cov Nkauj ntawm Txoj Kev ywj pheej", "Cov Nkauj ntawm Barricades" tau tsim, xyoo 1849 - "Waltz-obituary" ntawm nws txiv tuag. Kev xav siab phem rau nws txiv (nws tau pib dua lwm tsev neeg ntev dhau los) tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev qhuas rau nws cov suab paj nruag (tom qab Strauss tau kho qhov sau tiav ntawm nws cov haujlwm).

Lub koob meej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yog maj mam loj hlob thiab mus dhau ntawm ciam teb ntawm Austria. Nyob rau hauv 1847 nws ncig saib nyob rau hauv Serbia thiab Romania, nyob rau hauv 1851 - nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, lub Czech koom pheej thiab Poland, thiab ces, rau ntau xyoo, tsis tu ncua mus rau Russia.

Xyoo 1856-65. Strauss koom nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub caij nyob rau hauv Pavlovsk (ze St. Petersburg), qhov uas nws muab concerts nyob rau hauv lub tsev nres tsheb thiab, nrog rau nws seev cev suab paj nruag, ua hauj lwm los ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers: M. Glinka, P. Tchaikovsky, A. Serov. Lub waltz "Farewell rau St. Petersburg", polka "Hauv Pavlovsk Hav Zoov", lub piano fantasy "Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Zos" (ua los ntawm A. Rubinshtein) thiab lwm yam yog txuam nrog impressions los ntawm Russia.

Xyoo 1863-70. Strauss yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev hais plaub hauv Vienna. Lub sijhawm xyoo no, nws cov waltzes zoo tshaj plaws tau tsim: "Nyob rau ntawm Blue Danube", "Lub neej ntawm tus kws kos duab", "Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Vienna Woods", "Nyob Zoo Rau Lub Neej", thiab lwm yam. Ib qho khoom plig txawv txawv melodic (tus neeg sau hais tias: "Cov suab paj nruag ntws los ntawm kuv zoo li dej los ntawm crane"), nrog rau qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tau tso cai rau Strauss sau 168 waltzes, 117 polkas, 73 quadrilles, ntau dua 30 mazurkas thiab gallops, 43 marches, thiab 15 operettas hauv nws lub neej.

70s - pib ntawm theem tshiab hauv lub neej muaj tswv yim ntawm Strauss, uas, ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm J. Offenbach, tig mus rau hom operetta. Ua ke nrog F. Suppe thiab K. Millöcker, nws tau los ua tus tsim ntawm Viennese classical operetta.

Strauss tsis nyiam los ntawm qhov kev xav tsis zoo ntawm Offenbach's theatre; Raws li txoj cai, nws sau zoo nkauj suab paj nruag comedies, lub ntsiab (thiab feem ntau tsuas yog) ntxim nyiam uas yog suab paj nruag.

Waltzes los ntawm operettas Die Fledermaus (1874), Cagliostro hauv Vienna (1875), Poj huab tais Lace Handkerchief (1880), Hmo ntuj hauv Venice (1883), Viennese Ntshav (1899) thiab lwm yam

Ntawm Strauss's operettas, Gypsy Baron (1885) sawv tawm nrog cov phiaj xwm loj tshaj plaws, xeeb thaum xub thawj ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab nqus qee yam ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv (tshwj xeeb, lub suab paj nruag-romantic illumination ntawm tiag tiag, kev xav tob: kev ywj pheej, kev hlub, tib neeg. meej mom).

Lub suab paj nruag ntawm operetta ua rau nws siv ntau yam ntawm Hungarian-Gypsy motifs thiab hom, xws li Čardas. Thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, tus kws sau ntawv sau nws nkaus xwb comic opera The Knight Pasman (1892) thiab ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ntaus pob Cinderella (tsis tiav). Raws li ua ntej, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv me me, cais waltzes tshwm sim, tag nrho, raws li nyob rau hauv lawv cov hluas xyoo, kev lom zem tiag tiag thiab ci ntsa iab: "Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav" (1882). "Imperial Waltz" (1890). Kev ncig xyuas kuj tsis nres: mus rau Tebchaws Meskas (1872), nrog rau Russia (1869, 1872, 1886).

Strauss cov suab paj nruag tau qhuas los ntawm R. Schumann thiab G. Berlioz, F. Liszt thiab R. Wagner. G. Bulow thiab I. Brahms (tus phooj ywg qub ntawm tus kws sau ntawv). Ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo, nws tau kov yeej lub siab ntawm tib neeg thiab tsis poob nws txoj kev ntxim nyiam.

K. Zenkin

Johann Strauss tau nkag mus rau keeb kwm ntawm cov suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX uas yog tus tswv zoo ntawm kev seev cev thiab suab paj nruag txhua hnub. Nws coj los rau hauv nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tiag tiag, ua kom tob thiab txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm Austrian pej xeem seev cev xyaum. Cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Strauss yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm juiciness thiab simplicity ntawm dluab, inexhaustible melodic nplua nuj, lub siab dawb paug thiab naturalness ntawm lub suab paj nruag lus. Tag nrho cov no tau pab txhawb rau lawv cov koob meej loj ntawm cov neeg mloog.

Strauss tau sau plaub puas thiab xya caum xya waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, marches thiab lwm yam haujlwm ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab tsev neeg txoj kev npaj (nrog rau cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm excerpts los ntawm operettas). Kev cia siab rau cov suab paj nruag thiab lwm yam kev qhia ntawm pej xeem seev cev ua rau cov haujlwm no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub tebchaws. Kawm paub hu ua Strauss waltzes zaj nkauj patriotic tsis muaj lus. Nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag dluab, nws xav txog lub siab dawb paug thiab txaus nyiam nta ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg Austrian, kev zoo nkauj ntawm nws haiv neeg toj roob hauv pes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Strauss txoj haujlwm tau nqus cov yam ntxwv ntawm lwm haiv neeg, feem ntau yog Hungarian thiab Slavic suab paj nruag. Qhov no siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov hauj lwm tsim los ntawm Strauss rau suab paj nruas ua yeeb yam, nrog rau kaum tsib operettas, ib tug comic opera thiab ib tug ballet.

Cov kws sau nkauj thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb - Strauss cov neeg kawm tau zoo siab rau nws cov txuj ci zoo thiab cov txuj ci hauv chav kawm thawj zaug uas yog tus kws sau nkauj thiab tus thawj coj. “Zoo kawg tus khawv koob! Nws tej hauj lwm (nws tus kheej tau ua lawv) ua rau kuv zoo siab ua suab paj nruag uas kuv tsis tau ntsib ntev, "Hans Bülow tau sau txog Strauss. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau hais ntxiv tias: "Qhov no yog ib qho txuj ci ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm nws hom me me. Muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau kawm los ntawm Strauss rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Ninth Symphony lossis Beethoven's Pathétique Sonata. " Schumann cov lus kuj tseem ceeb: "Ob yam hauv ntiaj teb no nyuaj heev," nws hais tias, "thawj, ua kom muaj koob meej, thiab qhov thib ob, khaws nws. Tsuas yog tus tswv tiag tiag ua tiav: los ntawm Beethoven mus rau Strauss - txhua tus ntawm nws tus kheej txoj kev. Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, Brahms tau hais lus zoo siab txog Strauss. Nrog lub siab xav sib sib zog nqus Serov, Rimsky-Korsakov thiab Tchaikovsky hais txog nws raws li ib tug ua yeeb yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab symphonic suab paj nruag. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1884, thaum Vienna solemnly ua kev zoo siab rau lub 40th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Strauss, A. Rubinstein, sawv cev ntawm St. Petersburg ntxias, warmly txais tos tus hero ntawm lub hnub.

Xws li kev lees paub ntawm Strauss txoj kev ua yeeb yam zoo los ntawm ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX tau lees paub lub koob meej zoo ntawm tus kws ntaus nkauj zoo nkauj no, uas nws cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws tseem ua rau muaj kev zoo siab heev.

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Strauss yog inextricably txuas nrog Viennese suab paj nruag lub neej, nrog kev nce thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kev cai ywj pheej ntawm Austrian suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX, uas qhia meej meej lawv tus kheej hauv kev ua las voos txhua hnub.

Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua, me me instrumental ensembles, lub thiaj li hu ua "chapels", tau nrov nyob rau hauv lub Viennese suburbs, ua yeeb yam peasant landlers, Tyrolean los yog Styrian seev cev nyob rau hauv taverns. Cov thawj coj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj suav hais tias yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev hwm los tsim cov nkauj tshiab ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim. Thaum lub suab paj nruag ntawm Viennese suburbs nkag mus rau hauv cov chav loj hauv nroog, cov npe ntawm nws cov neeg tsim tau paub.

Yog li ntawd, cov founders ntawm "waltz dynasty" tuaj rau lub yeeb koob Joseph Lanner (1801-1843) thiab Johann Strauss Senior (1804-1849). Thawj ntawm lawv yog tus tub ntawm hnab looj tes, tus thib ob yog tus tub ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas tsev so; Ob leeg los ntawm lawv cov tub ntxhais hluas xyoo ua si hauv cov nkauj hu nkauj, thiab txij li xyoo 1825 lawv twb muaj lawv tus kheej txoj hlua me me. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los xij, Liner thiab Strauss sib txawv - cov phooj ywg dhau los ua kev sib tw. Txhua leej txhua tus ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv tsim ib tug tshiab repertoire rau nws orchestra.

Txhua xyoo, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib tw tau nce ntau thiab ntau dua. Thiab tseem txhua leej txhua tus yog overshadowed los ntawm Strauss, uas ua tours ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Fabkis, thiab England nrog nws orchestra. Lawv khiav nrog kev vam meej. Tab sis, thaum kawg, nws kuj muaj tus nrog sib ntaus, txawm tias muaj peev xwm thiab muaj zog dua. Nov yog nws tus tub, Johann Strauss Jr., yug Lub Kaum Hli 25, 1825.

Xyoo 1844, muaj hnub nyoog kaum cuaj xyoo I. Strauss, tau xaiv kaum tsib tus kws ntaus nkauj, npaj nws thawj hmo ua las voos. Txij li tam sim no, kev tawm tsam rau kev ua tau zoo hauv Vienna pib ntawm leej txiv thiab tus tub, Strauss Jr. maj mam kov yeej tag nrho cov cheeb tsam uas nws txiv lub suab paj nruag tau kav yav dhau los. Lub "duel" tau ntev ntev li tsib xyoos thiab raug txiav luv luv los ntawm kev tuag ntawm plaub caug tsib xyoos Strauss Sr. (Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej, Strauss Jr. txaus siab rau nws txiv lub peev xwm. Nyob rau hauv 1889, nws luam tawm nws cov seev cev nyob rau hauv xya ntim (ob puas thiab tsib caug waltzes, gallops thiab quadrilles), nyob rau hauv lub preface, thiab lwm yam, nws sau. : "Txawm hais tias rau kuv, raws li ib tug tub, nws tsis tsim nyog tshaj tawm rau leej txiv, tab sis kuv yuav tsum hais tias nws ua tsaug rau nws tias Viennese seev cev suab paj nruag thoob plaws ntiaj teb.")

Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, uas yog, thaum pib ntawm lub 50s, lub European nrov ntawm nws tus tub tau sib sau ua ke.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev hwm no yog Strauss qhov kev caw rau lub caij ntuj sov rau Pavlovsk, nyob hauv thaj chaw zoo nkauj ze ntawm St. Rau kaum ob lub caij, los ntawm 1855 mus rau 1865, thiab dua nyob rau hauv 1869 thiab 1872, nws ncig teb chaws Russia nrog nws tus tij laug Yauxej, ib tug txawj sau ntawv thiab tus thawj coj. (Joseph Strauss (1827-1870) feem ntau sau ua ke nrog Johann; Yog li, kev sau ntawv ntawm lub npe nrov Polka Pizzicato belongs rau ob leeg. Tseem muaj ib tug kwv tij thib peb – Edward, uas kuj ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug seev cev composer thiab neeg xyuas pib. Nyob rau hauv 1900, nws yaj lub tsev teev ntuj, uas, tas li txuas ntxiv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj nyob rau hauv cov thawj coj ntawm Strauss rau ntau tshaj xya caum xyoo.)

Cov concerts, uas tau muab los ntawm lub Tsib Hlis mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hli, tau koom nrog ntau txhiab tus neeg mloog thiab tau nrog los ntawm kev ua tiav tsis tau zoo. Johann Strauss tau mloog zoo rau cov hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers, nws ua ib co ntawm lawv thawj zaug (excerpts ntawm Serov's Judith nyob rau hauv 1862, los ntawm Tchaikovsky's Voyevoda nyob rau hauv 1865); pib nyob rau hauv 1856, nws feem ntau ua Glinka cov compositions, thiab nyob rau hauv 1864 nws mob siab rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kev pab cuam rau nws. Thiab nyob rau hauv nws txoj hauj lwm, Strauss xav txog lub ntsiab lus Lavxias teb sab: pej xeem tunes tau siv nyob rau hauv lub waltz "Farewell rau Petersburg" (op. 210), "Lavxias teb sab Fantasy March" (op. 353), piano fantasy "Nyob rau hauv lub zos Lavxias teb sab" (op. . 355, nws feem ntau ua los ntawm A. Rubinstein) thiab lwm tus. Johann Strauss ib txwm nco qab zoo siab rau xyoo ntawm nws nyob hauv Russia (Lub sijhawm kawg Strauss mus xyuas Russia yog xyoo 1886 thiab muab kaum concerts hauv Petersburg.).

Lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tom ntej ntawm kev mus ncig ua si yeej thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj kev hloov pauv hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm yog kev mus rau Tebchaws Asmeskas xyoo 1872; Strauss muab kaum plaub concerts hauv Boston hauv ib lub tsev tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau ib puas txhiab tus neeg mloog. Qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau koom nrog nees nkaum txhiab tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag - cov neeg hu nkauj thiab cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag thiab ib puas tus neeg ua haujlwm - pab rau Strauss. Xws li "dab" concertos, yug los ntawm unprincipled bourgeois entrepreneurship, tsis muab lub composer nrog artistic txaus siab. Yav tom ntej, nws tsis kam mus ncig ua si, txawm tias lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau nyiaj ntau heev.

Feem ntau, txij li lub sijhawm ntawd, Strauss qhov kev mus ncig ua si tau raug txo qis. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov seev cev thiab lub peb hlis ntuj daim nws tsim kuj poob. (Nyob rau xyoo 1844-1870, peb puas plaub caug ob lub seev cev thiab kev taug kev tau sau tseg; nyob rau xyoo 1870-1899, ib puas nees nkaum plays ntawm hom no, tsis suav cov kev hloov pauv, kev xav, thiab kev sib tw ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov operettas. .)

Lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm kev muaj tswv yim pib, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog hom operetta. Strauss tau sau nws thawj zaug ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yam hauv xyoo 1870. Nrog lub zog tsis muaj zog, tab sis nrog kev sib txawv, nws tseem ua haujlwm hauv hom ntawv no mus txog rau hnub kawg. Strauss tuag rau lub Rau Hli 3, 1899 thaum muaj hnub nyoog xya caum-plaub.

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Johann Strauss tau mob siab rau tsib caug-tsib xyoo rau kev muaj tswv yim. Nws muaj ib tug tsawg industiousness, composing incessantly, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. "Cov suab paj nruag ntws los ntawm kuv zoo li dej los ntawm tus kais," nws hais jokingly. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ntau qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Strauss, tsis yog txhua yam sib npaug. Qee qhov ntawm nws cov ntawv sau ua rau muaj kev nrawm nrawm, ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Qee lub sij hawm tus kws sau nkauj tau coj los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam rov qab los ntawm nws cov neeg tuaj saib. Tab sis feem ntau, nws tau tswj kom daws tau ib qho teeb meem nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub sijhawm.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo thaum cov ntaub ntawv suab paj nruag qis qis, nthuav dav los ntawm cov neeg lag luam bourgeois ntse, muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kawm zoo nkauj ntawm cov neeg, Strauss tsim cov duab kos duab tiag tiag, nkag tau thiab nkag siab rau cov neeg coob coob. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txawj ntse uas muaj nyob rau hauv "loj" kos duab, nws mus txog "lub teeb" suab paj nruag thiab yog li tswj kom tshem tawm cov kab uas sib cais "siab" hom (kev ua yeeb yam, ua yeeb yam) los ntawm qhov xav tias "tsawg" (hauv tsev, lom zem). Lwm cov kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb yav dhau los tau ua tib yam, piv txwv li, Mozart, uas tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm "siab" thiab "qis" hauv kev kos duab. Tab sis tam sim no muaj lwm lub sijhawm - kev tawm tsam ntawm bourgeois vulgarity thiab philistinism yuav tsum tau tawm tsam nrog kev hloov kho tshiab, lub teeb, kev lom zem.

Qhov no yog qhov Strauss ua.

M. Druskin

Cov npe luv ntawm cov haujlwm:

Ua haujlwm ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj-hauv tsev waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, marches thiab lwm yam (tag nrho 477 daim) Cov nto moo tshaj plaws yog: "Perpetuum mobile" ("Perpetual motion") op. 257 (1867) "Morning Leaf", waltz op. 279 (1864) Lawyers' Ball, polka op. 280 (1864) "Persian Lub Peb Hlis" op. 289 (1864) "Blue Danube", waltz op. 314 (1867) “Lub Neej Ntawm Tus Kws Ua Yeeb Yam”, waltz op. 316 (1867) "Tales of the Vienna Woods", waltz op. 325 (1868) “Zoo siab rau lub neej”, waltz op. 340 (1870) “1001 Nights”, waltz (los ntawm operetta “Indigo thiab 40 Thieves”) op. 346 (1871) “Viennese Ntshav”, waltz op. 354 (1872) “Tick-tock”, polka (los ntawm operetta “Die Fledermaus”) op. 365 (1874) “Koj thiab Koj”, waltz (los ntawm operetta “The Bat”) op. 367 (1874) “Lub Tsib Hlis Zoo Nkauj”, waltz (los ntawm operetta “Methuselah”) op. 375 (1877) “Roses from the South”, waltz (los ntawm operetta “Tus Poj huab tais Lace Handkerchief”) op. 388 (1880) “The Kissing Waltz” (los ntawm operetta “Zoo Siab Kawg”) op. 400 (1881) “Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav”, waltz op. 410 (1882) “Favorite Waltz” (raws li “The Gypsy Baron”) op. 418 (1885) “Imperial Waltz” op. 437 "Pizzicato Polka" (ua ke nrog Josef Strauss) Operettas (tag nrho 15) Cov nto moo tshaj plaws yog: Lub Bat, libretto los ntawm Meilhac thiab Halévy (1874) Hmo ntuj hauv Venice, libretto los ntawm Zell thiab Genet (1883) Gypsy Baron, libretto los ntawm Schnitzer (1885) comic opera "Knight Pasman", libretto los ntawm Dochi (1892) Tus neeg dhia tes Cinderella (postthumously luam tawm)