Oles Semyonovych Chishko (Chishko, Oles) |

Chishko, Oles

Yug nyob rau hauv 1895 nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Dvurechny Kut nyob ze Kharkov, nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm ib tug kws qhia ntawv nyob deb nroog. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub gymnasium, nws nkag mus rau Kharkov University, qhov chaw uas nws kawm natural sciences, npaj los ua ib tug agronomist. Ib txhij nrog kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau kawm hu nkauj los ntawm F. Bugomelli thiab LV Kich. Nyob rau hauv 1924 nws kawm tiav (sab nrauv) los ntawm Kharkov Music thiab ua yeeb yam lub koom haum, nyob rau hauv 1937 los ntawm lub Leningrad Conservatory, qhov twg nyob rau hauv 1931-34 nws kawm nrog PB Ryazanov (suab paj nruag), Yu. N. Tyulin (kev sib haum xeeb), Kh. S. Kushnarev (polyphony). Nyob rau hauv 1926-31 nws hu nkauj nyob rau hauv Kharkov, Kiev, Odessa Opera thiab Ballet Theatres, nyob rau hauv 1931-48 (nrog rau ib tug so nyob rau hauv 1940-44) ntawm lub Leningrad Maly Opera Theatre, thiab kuj yog ib tug soloist nrog Leningrad Philharmonic. Cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov txuj ci tseem ceeb txawv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Chishko tus neeg hu nkauj. Nws tsim cov duab tiag tiag hauv kev ua yeeb yam Taras Bulba los ntawm Lysenko (Kobzar), Kev Rhuav Tawm los ntawm Femelidi (Godun), Zakhar Berkut los ntawm Lyatoshinsky (Maxim Berkut), Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb (Pierre Bezukhov), Battleship Potemkin (Matyushenko). Ua yeeb yam hu nkauj. Organizer thiab thawj tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam (1939-40) ntawm Nkauj thiab Dance Ensemble ntawm Baltic Fleet.

Chishko thawj qhov kev sim sau ua rau lub suab ib hom ntawv. Nws sau zaj nkauj thiab kev sib hlub raws li cov ntawv sau paj huam los ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Ukrainian TG Shevchenko (1916), thiab tom qab ntawd, tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Socialist Revolution, nws sau cov nkauj thiab suab paj nruag raws li cov lus ntawm Soviet poets A. Zharov, M. .Golodny thiab lwm tus. Xyoo 1930 Chishko tau tsim nws thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam "Apple Captivity" ("Apple Tree Captivity"). Nws zaj dab neeg yog raws li ib qho ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsov kev rog hauv Ukraine. Qhov kev ua yeeb yam no tau tshwm sim hauv cov suab paj nruag ua yeeb yam hauv Kyiv, Kharkov, Odessa, thiab Tashkent.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Oles Chishko yog ib qho ntawm thawj Soviet operas nyob rau hauv lub revolutionary ntsiab lus uas tau txais kev lees paub dav, opera Battleship Potemkin (1937), staged los ntawm Opera thiab Ballet Theatre. SM Kirov nyob rau hauv Leningrad, lub Bolshoi Theatre ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm opera tsev nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Cov hauj lwm ntawm Chishko tus composer yog txuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm heroic thiab revolutionary ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub Soviet suab paj nruas kos duab ntawm lub 20-30s. Nws tau them nyiaj ntau rau cov suab paj nruag-theem thiab suab hom. Nyob rau hauv 1944-45 thiab 1948-65 nws qhia nyob rau hauv Leningrad Conservatory (composition class; txij li thaum 1957 associate professor). Tus sau phau ntawv Hu Nkauj thiab Nws Cov Khoom (1966).

Cov khoom xyaw:

Ua yeeb yam - Judith (libre Ch., 1923), Kua captivity (Yablunevy tag nrho, libre Ch., raws li kev ua si los ntawm I. Dniprovsky, 1931, Odessa Opera thiab Ballet Theatre), Battleship "Potemkin" (1937, Leningrad t-opera thiab ballet, 2nd edition 1955), Daughter of the Caspian Hiav Txwv (1942), Mahmud Torabi (1944, Uzbek opera thiab ballet school), Lesya thiab Danila (1958), Rivals (1964), Irkutsk keeb kwm (tsis tiav); rau soloists, hu nkauj thiab orchestra — cantata Muaj xws li ib feem (1957), wok.-symphony. suites: Guardsmen (1942), Chij tshaj lub zos council (nrog orchestra pej xeem seev, 1948), Miners (1955); rau orchestra - Steppe Overture (1930), Ukrainian Suite (1944); rau orchestra ntawm pej xeem instruments - Dance suite (1933), 6 daim (1939-45), 2 Kazakh. nkauj rau kazakh. orc. nar. cov cuab yeej (1942, 1944); txoj hlua Quartet (1941); hu nkauj, romances (c. 50) thiab cov nkauj nyob rau tom ntej. AS Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, TG Shevchenko thiab lwm tus; ua Ukrainian, Lavxias teb sab, Kazakh, Uzb. suab paj nruag (nyeem 160); music k kev ua yeeb yam. t-ra.