Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny |
Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny
Fabkis composer. Lub koom haum tswv cuab ntawm Fabkis (1813). Nws tau kawm hauv Jesuit College hauv Saint-Omer. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, nws kawm ua si violin, systematically. suab paj nruag txais tsis muaj kev kawm. Los ntawm 1749 nws nyob hauv Paris, qhov twg, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm Italian opera buffa, nws pib kawm kev sau ntawv nrog ob bassist thiab comp. P. Gianotti. Nyob rau hauv 1759, M. ua nws debut nrog thawj comic opera Les aveux indiscrets (Fair Market in Saint-Germain, Paris), zais nws lub npe tawm ntawm ceev faj. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, thaum ua tiav ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. tau muab, tus composer txiav txim siab hais lus openly. Lub ntsiab operas tau sau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm 1759-77 (lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv lub fairgrounds, thiab tom qab lawv kaw, nyob rau hauv lub comedie Italienne ua yeeb yam). Mn. M. tsim operas koom tes nrog librettist M. Zh. Seden. Nyob rau hauv 1800-02 nws yog ib tug soj ntsuam ntawm lub conservatory. M., nrog rau FA Philidor thiab E. Duny, yog tus tsim ntawm comic opera, ib hom ntawv tshiab uas sawv cev rau kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Fabkis hauv Enlightenment. Nws tau ncaim ntawm cov kab lig kev cai ntawm lub qub opera ua yeeb yam nrog nws cov rooj sib txoos. Prod. M. nyob ze rau "kev ua yeeb yam loj," raws li nws xav hauv nws qhov zoo nkauj. D. Diderot lub system. Tus kws sau ntawv tsis tau tso tseg txoj kev npau suav txog dab neeg ("Zoo nkauj Arsena", 1773), yawg suab thiab idyllic. kev xav ("Tus Vaj Ntxwv thiab Cov Neeg Ua Liaj Ua Teb", 1762), cov ntsiab lus ntawm farce lossis exoticism ("The Fooled Kadi", 1761; "Alina, Poj huab tais ntawm Golconda", 1766), tab sis nws cov txuj ci tau qhia meej meej tshaj plaws hauv kev nkag siab. tsev neeg ua yeeb yam (“Deserter”, 1769; “Felix, or Foundling”, 1777). Nyob rau hauv nws cov kev taw qhia, M. txoj hauj lwm yog nyob ze rau lub sentimentalism ntawm lub sij hawm (nws gravitates, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, rau lub voj voog ntawm dluab yam ntxwv ntawm painting ntawm JBS Chardin, yielding rau nws, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev kos duab tseem ceeb). Heroes kev xav. comic M.'s operas yog cov neeg zoo tib yam ua yeeb yam hauv txhua hnub - cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tsev neeg, bourgeois, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, cov tub rog. Tab sis, tsis zoo li ntau operas Philidor thiab Dunya, M. hom thiab comic. cov ntsiab lus hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm zaj dab neeg ploj mus rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau thiab tsuas yog ntxoov ntxoo qhov ua yeeb yam tsis tu ncua. Lub nro ntawm txoj kev xav tau nthuav tawm hauv txoj kev ci ntsa iab. suab paj nruag puv nrog noble pathos thiab elevating cov duab ntawm ib tug me ntsis hero nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshiab thaum nws raug kev txom nyem tiag tiag. Prod. M. ua tim khawv rau kev kawm humanism ntawm comic. opera, hais txog nws noj qab haus huv kev sib raug zoo, yam ntxwv ntawm lub pre-revolutionary. xyoo lawm. Cov hauj lwm zoo nkauj tshiab xav tau kev nthuav dav ntawm muses. comic peev txheej. operas: qhov tseem ceeb ntawm arias loj (uas, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tau tshem tawm romance thiab couplets los ntawm lub opera), thiab ua yeeb yam tau nce hauv M. ensembles, muaj nrog cov recitatives (hauv kev sib tsoo ntse), muaj yeeb yuj thiab depict. orc. ntu, cov ntsiab lus ntawm overture thiab nws cov duab sib txuas nrog lub opera tob. Ch. lub hwj chim ntawm suit-va M. - nyob rau hauv melodic. composer khoom plig; kev vam meej thiab nrov ntawm nws cov opera productions. muab qhov tseeb, ncaj, tshiab, kaw Fabkis. nkauj melodic.
Cov khoom xyaw: 18 operas, suav nrog The Cadi Fooled (Le cadi dupe, 1761, Fair Trade Center in Saint-Germain, Paris), Tus Vaj Ntxwv thiab tus neeg ua liaj ua teb (Le roi et le fermier, 1762, Comedie Italienne, Paris), Rose thiab Cola (Rose thiab Colas, 1764, ibid.), Aline, Poj huab tais ntawm Golconde (Aline, reine de Golconde, 1766, Opera, Paris), Philemon thiab Baucis (1766, tr. Duke of Orleans, Bagnoles), Deserter (Le deserteur, 1769, "Comédie Italienne", Paris), Zoo nkauj Arsene (La belle Arsène, 1773, Fontainebleau), Felix, los yog Foundling (Félix ou L'entant trouvé, 1777, ibid.).
References: Laurence L. de la, French comic opera of the 1937th century, trans. los ntawm Fabkis, M., 110, p. 16–1789; Livanova TN, Keeb kwm ntawm Western European suab paj nruag txog 1940, M., 530, p. 35–1908; Pougin A., Monsigny et son temps, P., 1955; Druilhe P., Monsigny, P., 1957; Schmid EF, Mozart und Monsigny, hauv: Mozart-Jahrbuch. Xyoo 1957, Salzburg, XNUMX.
NWS Livanova
