Paul Abraham Dukas |

Paul dukas

Nyob rau hauv 1882-88 nws kawm nyob Paris Conservatoire nrog J. Matyas (piano class), E. Guiraud (composition class), 2nd Rome Prize for the cantata “Velleda” (1888). Twb yog nws thawj symphonic tej hauj lwm - lub overture "Polyeuct" (raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm P. Corneille, 1891), lub symphony (1896) tau muab tso rau hauv lub repertoire ntawm thawj Fabkis orchestras. Lub ntiaj teb koob meej tau coj mus rau tus sau los ntawm symphonic scherzo Tus Sorcerer's Apprentice (raws li lub ballad los ntawm JB Goethe, 1897), lub ci ntsa iab orchestration uas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm HA Rimsky-Korsakov. Cov hauj lwm ntawm 90s, nrog rau "Sonata" (1900) thiab "Variations, Interlude thiab Finale" ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Rameau (1903) rau piano, rau ntau qhov ua tim khawv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm P. Wagner, C. Frank.

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshiab hauv Duke's composing style yog qhov ua yeeb yam "Ariana thiab Bluebeard" (raws li zaj dab neeg ua si los ntawm M. Maeterlinck, 1907), nyob ze rau qhov kev nyiam nyiam, kuj txawv los ntawm kev xav rau kev xav dav dav. Cov kev tshawb pom muaj xim nplua nuj ntawm cov qhab nia no tau tsim kho ntxiv hauv cov paj huam "Peri" (raws li cov lus dab neeg Iranian thaum ub, 1912, mob siab rau thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb - ballerina N. Trukhanova), uas yog nplooj ntawv ci hauv tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm.

Cov hauj lwm ntawm lub xyoo 20s yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws nyuaj, kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, thiab muaj lub siab xav ua kom muaj kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Fabkis cov suab paj nruag qub. Ib qho kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb heev tau yuam tus kws sau nkauj kom rhuav tshem ntau yam yuav luag tiav (Sonata rau violin thiab piano, thiab lwm yam).

Duke cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb heev (tshaj 330 kab lus). Nws tau pab txhawb rau cov ntawv xov xwm Revue hebdomadaire thiab Chronique des Arts (1892-1905), cov ntawv xov xwm Le Quotidien (1923-24) thiab lwm cov ntawv xov xwm. Duka muaj kev paub dav dav hauv kev ua suab paj nruag, keeb kwm, ntawv nyeem, kev xav. Nws cov ntawv tau txawv los ntawm tib neeg txoj kev xav, kev nkag siab tseeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. Ib tug thawj nyob rau Fabkis, nws txaus siab rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm MP Mussorgsky.

Duke tau ua ntau txoj haujlwm pedagogical. Txij li xyoo 1909 tus xibfwb ntawm Paris Conservatory (txog xyoo 1912 - chav kawm orchestral, txij li xyoo 1913 - chav kawm sib xyaw). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm (txij li xyoo 1926) nws tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm Ecole Normal. Ntawm nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog O. Messiaen, L. Pipkov, Yu. G. Krein, Xi Xing-hai thiab lwm tus.

Cov khoom xyaw:

opera – Ariane thiab Bluebeard (Ariane et Barbe-Bleue, 1907, tp “Opera Comic”, Paris; 1935, tp “Grand Opera”, Paris); ballet - choreographic Peri's paj huam (1912, tp "Chatelet", Paris; nrog A. Pavlova - 1921, tp "Grand Opera", Paris); rau orc. – symphony C-dur (1898, Spanish 1897), scherzo The Sorcerer's Apprentice (L'Apprenti sorcier, 1897); Rau fp. – sonata es-moll (1900), Variations, interlude and finale on a theme of Rameau (1903), Elegiac prelude (Prelude legiaque sur le nom de Haydn, 1909), poem La plainte au Ioin du faune, 1920) thiab lwm yam. ; Villanella rau horn thiab piano. (1906); vocalise (Alla gitana, 1909), Ponsard's Sonnet (rau lub suab thiab piano, 1924; nyob rau 400th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm P. de Ronsard yug), thiab lwm yam; nov ed. operas los ntawm JF Rameau ("Gallant India", "Princess of Navarre", "Pamira's Celebrations", "Nelei thiab Myrtis", "Zephyr", thiab lwm yam); ua kom tiav thiab orchestration (ua ke nrog C. Saint-Saens) ntawm opera Fredegonde los ntawm E. Guiraud (1895, Grand Opera, Paris).

Literary tej hauj lwm: Wagner et la France, P., 1923; Les ecrits de P. Dukas sur la musique, P., 1948; Cov ntawv thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm Fabkis cov kws sau ntawv. Lig XIX - thaum ntxov XX centuries. Comp., translation, intro. tsab xov xwm thiab tawm tswv yim. A. Bushen, L., 1972. Letters: Correspondance de Paul Dukas. Choix de Lettres etabli par G. Favre, P., 1971.