nruab nrab |

French mediante, los ntawm Late Lat. medians, genus. case mediantis – nyob hauv nruab nrab, kev sib kho

1) Kev xaiv ntawm chords uas yog ib feem peb nce lossis nqis los ntawm tonic, piv txwv li III thiab VI degrees ntawm hom; nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim siab, M. (los yog sab sauv M.) - naming. chord ntawm III degree (VI degree hauv qhov no yog hu ua submediant, lossis qis M.). Zoo ib yam li cov suab sib xws kuj raug xaiv los ntawm txoj kev no - III thiab VI degrees ntawm hom. harmonic txoj haujlwm ntawm M. chords yog txiav txim siab feem ntau los ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsiab. chords: III - nruab nrab ntawm kuv thiab V, VI - nruab nrab ntawm kuv thiab IV. Yog li qhov duality ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm M. chords: III yog ib qho tsis muaj zog uas qhia tau hais tias tseem ceeb, VI yog ib qho tsis muaj zog hais tawm, thaum ob qho tib si III thiab VI tuaj yeem ua qee yam tonic functions. Li no kuj lub ntsiab lus ntawm M. chords - lub softness, lub veiledness ntawm lawv contrast tonic, lub softness ntawm lub tertian hloov thaum ua ke nrog lub tonic, subdominant, thiab dominant. Hauv lwm qhov kev sib txuas (piv txwv li, VI-III, III-VI, VI-II, II-III, VI-III, thiab lwm yam), M. kev sib haum xeeb ua rau kev vam khom ntawm chords ntawm lub tonic ntawm hom tsis tshua pom, nthuav tawm lawv. Hauv zos (vaj huam sib luag) ) ua haujlwm, pab tsim cov tonal variability (piv txwv li, hauv Tub Vaj Ntxwv Yuri's arioso "Huag lub yeeb koob, tsis muaj nuj nqis" los ntawm opera "Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Invisible City of Kitezh thiab Maiden Fevronia").

Hauv kauj ruam harmonic. txoj kev xav (G. Weber, 1817-21; PI Tchaikovsky, 1872; NA Rimsky-Korsakov, 1884-85) M. chords yog cov xya diatonic. cov kauj ruam, txawm li cas los xij lawv feem ntau sib cais los ntawm cov tseem ceeb (I thiab V). Hauv kev ua haujlwm txoj kev xav (X. Riemann), M. raug txhais raws li kev hloov kho ntawm "peb qhov tseem ceeb sib haum xeeb" - T, D thiab S: raws li lawv qhov sib piv (piv txwv li, hauv C-dur egh - Dp) lossis raws li kev sib txuas ntawm cov Kev taw qhia ua haujlwm (piv txwv li hauv C- dur kuj tuaj yeem yog:

), nyob ntawm qhov sib faib tiag tiag ntawm cov chords hauv cov ntsiab lus. Raws li G. Schenker, lub ntsiab lus ntawm M. chords (nrog rau lwm tus) nyob ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev txav, ntawm cov kab ntawm lub suab ntawm lub suab pib thiab lub hom phiaj. GL Catoire nkag siab M. raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj zaug thiab thib tsib hauv lub ntsiab triads (piv txwv li, hauv C - dur

)

Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm cov sau phau ntawv ntawm "Cov Tswv Yim Kev Sib Haum Xeeb" (IV Sposobina, II Dubovsky, SV Evseev, VV Sokolov, 1934-1935), cov nqi sib xyaw ua haujlwm tau muab rau M chords (hauv C-dur egh - DTIII, a – c – e – TS VI)

(Thiab tib lub sijhawm, kev txhais cov kauj ruam dua tau txais qhov hnyav dua, thiab tag nrho lub tswv yim rov qab tsis yog rau Riemann xwb, tab sis, tsis muaj tsawg dua, rau Rimsky-Korsakov). Hauv txoj kev xav ntawm kev hloov pauv, cov haujlwm ntawm Yu. N. Tyulin, theem peb ntawm qhov loj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm T thiab D, thiab VI - T, S thiab D; nyob rau hauv me me III – T, S thiab D, thiab VI – T thiab S.

2) Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm Gregorian melodies, M. (mediante; lwm lub npe - metrum) - nruab nrab xaus (raws li BV Asafiev - "caesura ib nrab-cadence"), faib tag nrho rau hauv ob symmetrically balanced halves:

References: 1) Tchaikovsky PI, Phau Ntawv Qhia rau cov tswv yim kawm txog kev sib haum xeeb, M., 1872, tib yam, Poln. coll. cit., vol. III a, M., 1957, Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Practical textbook of harmony, St. Petersburg, 1886, reprinted. hauv Full. coll. soj., vol. IV, M., 1960; Catuar GL, Theoretical course of harmony, part 1, M., 1924; Hoob kawm txog kev sib haum xeeb, ntu 1, M., 1934 (ed. Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Sokolov V.; Berkov V., Harmony, part 1-3, M., 1962-66, M. ., 1970; Tyulin Yu., Privavo N., Theoretical Foundations of Harmony, M., 1965, Weber G., Versuch einer geordneten Theorie der Tonsetzkunst, Bd 1-3, Mainz, 1818-21; Riemann H., Vereinleafach Schenker H., Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien, Bd 1893-1896, Stuttg.-BW, 1901-1, 3.

2) Gruber RI, Keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai, vol. 1, ntu 1, M.-L., 1941, p. 394 ib

Yu. N. Kholopov