Melismas |

Greek, unit tooj melisma - nkauj, suab paj nruag

1) Melodic nqe lus lossis tag nrho cov suab paj nruag ua rau ntawm ib lub suab ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Rau M. belong dec. hom coloratura, roulades, thiab lwm yam wok. hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Hauv Western Europe. Hauv kev ua suab paj nruag, lo lus "M" feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev hais lus ntawm cov suab paj nruag monophonic thiab polyphonic ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog ib lub suab ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. M. nyob hauv ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv Byzantine cult music (saib Byzantine music) thiab hauv Gregorian chant. M. tau dav sawv cev hauv cov suab paj nruag ntawm cov neeg sab hnub tuaj: rau Nar. thiab prof. suab paj nruag ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm sab hnub poob. Lawv tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv Europe. Nws ntseeg tau tias lawv nkag mus rau Tebchaws Europe. suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai yog txuam nrog rau sab hnub tuaj. cuam ​​tshuam. Qhov opposite ntawm melismatic. hu nkauj yog tus hu. syllabic hu nkauj, uas tsuas muaj ib lub suab rau txhua lub suab ntawm cov ntawv nyeem.

2) Nyob rau hauv lub 16-18 centuries. lub sij hawm "M." feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv musicology. cov ntaub ntawv raws li lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lo lus raws li kev tsim cov suab paj nruag sau rau ntawm qee cov ntawv sau paj huam thiab npaj rau kev hu nkauj. Lub "melismatic style" (stilus melismaticus) nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau nkag siab tias txhais tau hais tias tsis yog tag nrho wok. decorations, tab sis ib tug yooj yim song style: nws suav nrog ntau lawm. hom nkauj, qhov kev ua tau zoo uas siv tau txawm tias tsis tau npaj cov nkauj nyiam.

3) Hauv kev ua suab paj nruag hauv tsev, lo lus "M." Nws yog kev cai los xaiv tag nrho cov suab paj nruag zoo nkauj hauv suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag, ob qho tib si hauv daim ntawv ruaj khov ( nplaim taws, trill, gruppetto, mordent) thiab dawb-improvisational (fiortura, passage, thiab lwm yam). Saib Ornamentation.

References: 1) Lасh R., Kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ornamental melopцie, Lpz., 1913; Idelsohn AZ, Parallels ntawm Gregorian thiab Hebrew-Onentali chants, «ZfMw», 1921-22, xyoo 4; Ficker RV, Thawj Klangformen, «JbP», 1929, (Bd) 36; Соllаеr Р., La migration du style mйlismatique oriental vers l'occident, «Journal of the International Folk Music Council», 1964, (v.) 16.

2) Walther JG, Praecepta der Musikalische Composition, Lpz., 1955 (manuscript, 1708), его же, Musikalische Lexikon, oder Musikalische Bibliothek, Lpz., 1732, Faks., Kassel-Basel, 1953; Mattheson J., Der perfecte Kapellmeister…, Hamb., 1739, new edition, Kassel, 1954.

VA Vakhromeev