Herman Galynin |

Herman Galynin

Kuv zoo siab thiab zoo siab heev uas Herman kho kuv zoo, rau qhov kuv muaj hmoo tau paub nws thiab saib lub paj ntawm nws lub peev xwm zoo. Los ntawm ib tsab ntawv los ntawm D. Shostakovich

Cov hauj lwm ntawm G. Galynin yog ib qho ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ci ntsa iab tshaj plaws ntawm cov suab paj nruag tom qab Soviet. Cov qub txeeg qub teg los ntawm nws yog me me, cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm choral, concerto-symphonic thiab chamber-instrumental genres: lub oratorio "Tus Ntxhais thiab Tuag" (1950-63), 2 concertos rau piano thiab orchestra ( 1946, 1965), "Epic Poem" rau symphony orchestra (1950), Suite for string orchestra (1949), 2 string quartets (1947, 1956), Piano trio (1948), Suite for piano (1945).

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom pom tias feem ntau ntawm cov hauj lwm tau sau nyob rau hauv tsib xyoos ntawm 1945-50. Qhov ntawd yog ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm txoj hmoo phem muab Galynin rau tag nrho-fledged creativity. Qhov tseeb, txhua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv nws cov keeb kwm tau tsim thaum nws cov tub ntxhais kawm xyoo. Rau tag nrho nws cov uniqueness, zaj dab neeg ntawm Galynin lub neej yog yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug tshiab Soviet txawj ntse, ib haiv neeg ntawm cov neeg, uas tswj mus koom lub siab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kab lis kev cai.

Ib tug menyuam ntsuag uas tau ploj nws niam nws txiv thaum ntxov (nws txiv yog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm hauv Tula), thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos, Galynin tau nyob hauv ib lub tsev menyuam ntsuag, uas hloov nws tsev neeg. Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tus tub hluas lub peev xwm ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim: nws kos tau zoo, yog ib tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev ua yeeb yam, tab sis feem ntau ntawm txhua yam nws raug rub mus rau suab paj nruag - nws tau paub txhua yam cuab yeej ntawm lub tsev tu menyuam ntsuag lub suab paj nruag ntawm pej xeem seev, sau cov pej xeem. nkauj rau nws. Yug hauv qhov chaw zoo siab, thawj txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hluas - "Lub Peb Hlis" rau piano tau dhau los ua ib qho kev hla mus rau lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag ntawm Moscow Conservatory. Tom qab kawm rau ib xyoos ntawm lub tuam tsev npaj, nyob rau hauv 1938 Galynin tau cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab chav kawm.

Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj lij ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws tau sib txuas lus nrog cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag - I. Sposobin (kev sib haum xeeb) thiab G. Litinsky (suab paj nruag), Galynin lub peev xwm pib tsim nrog lub zog thiab nrawm - nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas cov tub ntxhais kawm suav nrog. nws lub ntsiab artistic txoj cai. Ib txwm greedy rau txhua yam tshiab, nthuav, txawv tshaj plaw, invariably nyiam comrades thiab cov npoj yaig, nyob rau hauv nws lub xyoo kawm ntawv Galynin yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hlub piano thiab ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag. Thiab yog hais tias lub piano sonatas thiab preludes qhia txog cov hluas kev zoo siab, qhib siab thiab subtlety ntawm cov kev xav ntawm tus hluas composer, ces lub suab paj nruag rau M. Cervantes lub interlude "Lub Salamanca Cave" yog ib tug penchant rau ntse characterization, lub embodiment ntawm kev xyiv fab ntawm lub neej. .

Dab tsi tau pom thaum pib ntawm txoj kev tau txuas ntxiv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm Galynin - feem ntau hauv piano concertos thiab suab paj nruag rau J. Fletcher's comedy The Taming of the Tamer (1944). Twb tau nyob rau hauv nws lub xyoo kawm ntawv, txhua leej txhua tus xav tsis thoob los ntawm tus thawj "Galynin" style ntawm kev ua si piano, tag nrho cov xav tsis thoob vim hais tias nws yeej tsis muaj systematically kawm pianistic kos duab. "Nyob rau hauv nws cov ntiv tes, txhua yam ua loj, hnyav, pom ... Tus neeg ua yeeb yam-piano thiab tus tsim ntawm no, zoo li nws tau ua, muab tso rau hauv ib qho tag nrho," Galynin tus phooj ywg kawm A. Kholminov nco qab.

Nyob rau hauv 1941, ib tug tub ntxhais kawm thawj xyoo ntawm Moscow Conservatory, Galynin, tuaj yeem pab dawb rau pem hauv ntej, tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no nws tsis koom nrog cov suab paj nruag - nws tau qhia cov kev ua ub ua no, sau nkauj, taug kev, thiab hu nkauj. Tsuas yog tom qab 3 xyoos nws rov qab mus rau hauv chav kawm ntawm N. Myaskovsky, thiab tom qab ntawd - vim nws mob - nws hloov mus rau chav kawm ntawm D. Shostakovich, uas twb tau sau tseg cov txuj ci ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tshiab.

Conservatory xyoo - lub sij hawm ntawm tsim Galynin raws li ib tug neeg thiab tshuab raj, nws txuj ci yog nkag mus rau nws heyday. Cov lus sau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm no - Thawj Piano Concerto, Thawj Txoj hlua Quartet, Piano Trio, Suite for Strings - tam sim ntawd nyiam cov neeg mloog thiab cov neeg thuam. Lub xyoo ntawm kev kawm yog crowned los ntawm ob tug loj tej hauj lwm ntawm lub composer - lub oratorio "Tus Ntxhais thiab Kev Tuag" (tom qab M. Gorky) thiab lub orchestral "Epic Poem", uas sai sai tau los ua heev repertoire thiab tau txais lub State nqi zog nyob rau hauv 2.

Tab sis ib qho mob hnyav twb tau tos Galynin, thiab tsis tso cai rau nws nthuav tawm nws lub peev xwm. Xyoo tom ntej ntawm nws lub neej, nws ua siab loj tiv thaiv tus kab mob, sim muab txhua feeb los ntawm nws mus rau nws nyiam suab paj nruag. Qhov no yog qhov thib ob Quartet, Thib Ob Piano Concerto, Concerto grosso rau piano solo, Aria rau Violin thiab String Orchestra sawv, lub piano thaum ntxov sonatas thiab oratorio "Tus Ntxhais thiab Kev Tuag" raug kho, qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau los ua ib qho kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag lub neej ntawm lub 60s.

Galynin yog ib tug kws kos duab Lavxias tiag tiag, nrog rau qhov tob, ntse thiab niaj hnub saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Raws li nyob rau hauv nws tus cwj pwm, tus composer tej hauj lwm yog captivating los ntawm lawv zoo kawg li tag nrho cov ntshav, lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv, txhua yam nyob rau hauv lawv yog fashioned loj, convex, tseem ceeb. Galynin's suab paj nruag yog nruj hauv kev xav, ib qho kev xav pom tseeb ntawm epic, cov lus hais zoo nkauj tau teeb tsa hauv nws los ntawm kev lom zem muaj kua thiab mos, txwv cov lus. Lub teb chaws qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev muaj tswv yim kuj tau qhia los ntawm cov suab nkauj ntawm cov nkauj, lub suab nkauj dav, tshwj xeeb "clumsy" system ntawm kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev ua yeeb yam, uas rov qab mus rau Mussorgsky's "irregularities". Los ntawm thawj cov kauj ruam ntawm Galynin txoj kev sau, nws cov suab paj nruag los ua ib qho tshwm sim ntawm Soviet suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai, "vim," raws li E. Svetlanov, "kev ntsib nrog Galynin lub suab paj nruag yog ib txwm muaj kev sib ntsib nrog kev zoo nkauj uas txhawb nqa tib neeg, zoo li txhua yam. zoo nkauj tiag tiag hauv kos duab ".

G. Zhdanova