Melodeclamation |
los ntawm Greek melos - nkauj, suab paj nruag thiab lat. declamation - kev tshaj tawm
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev hais tawm ntawm cov ntawv nyeem (ch. arr. poetic) thiab suab paj nruag, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke. M. pom daim ntawv thov twb nyob rau hauv antich. ua yeeb yam, nrog rau hauv "tsev kawm ntawv ua yeeb yam" ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog. Teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th scenes tshwm. proizv., raws li M. thiab hu ua. melodramas. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom ntej, M. tau siv ntau zaus hauv kev ua haujlwm (qhov chaw hauv tsev lojcuj los ntawm Fidelio, qhov xwm txheej hauv Hma Gorge los ntawm Tus Dawb Shooter), nrog rau ua yeeb yam. plays (suab paj nruag los ntawm L. Beethoven rau Goethe's Egmont). Los ntawm con. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm melodrama, ib hom ntawm kev ywj pheej suab paj nruag muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj txoj kev npaj (hauv German hu ua Melodram, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau theem suab paj nruas muaj pes tsawg leeg, hu ua Melodrama), raws li txoj cai, tau tsim rau kev nyeem ntawv (recitation) nrog rau ib tug. piano neeg uas ua ntawv, tsawg zaus nrog ib tug orchestra. Rau xws li M., feem ntau ballad ntawv raug xaiv. Cov piv txwv ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm M. yog rau IR Zumshteg ("Spring Celebration", rau tus nyeem ntawv nrog orc., 1777, "Tamira", 1788). Tom qab ntawd, M. raug tsim los ntawm F. Schubert (“Farewell to the Earth”, 1825), R. Schumann (2 ballads, op. 122, 1852), F. Liszt (“Lenora”, 1858, “The Sad Monk” , 1860, “Blind singer”, 1875), R. Strauss (“Enoch Arden”, op. 38, 1897), M. Schillings (“Song of the Witches”, op. 15, 1904) thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, suab paj nruag raws li kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab ntau hom ntawv tau nrov txij li xyoo 70s. xyoo pua 19th; ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm Russia. M. – GA Lishin, EB Vilbushevich. Tom qab ntawd, AS Arensky (cov paj huam nyob rau hauv prose los ntawm IS Turgenev, 1903) thiab AA Spondiarov (Sonia's monologue los ntawm AP Chekhov's ua si txiv ntxawm Vanya, 1910) tau sau ib tug series ntawm suab paj nruas seev rau ib tug nyeem nrog ib tug orchestra. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm owls M. tau siv nyob rau hauv lub collective oratorio "Txoj kev ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj" (1927), nyob rau hauv ib tug fairy taleas rau ib tug nyeem ntawv thiab symphony. Orchestra "Peter thiab Hma" los ntawm Prokofiev (1936).
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th muaj ib hom suab paj nruag tshwj xeeb tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv uas, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov suab paj nruag notations, lub atherosclerosis ntawm recitation yog precisely tsau (Weber's Preciosa, 1821; Milhaud lub suab paj nruag rau Oresteia, 1916). Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm hom M., uas coj nws los ze zog rau recitative, yog hu ua. ib tug hais txog melodrama (German gebundene Melodram), nyob rau hauv uas, nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb cov cim (es tsis txhob, es tsis txhob, thiab lwm yam), tsis tsuas yog lub atherosclerosis yog tsau, tab sis kuj lub suab ntawm lub suab ("King's Children. "los ntawm Humperdinck, 1st edition 1897). Nrog Schoenberg, "kev sib txuas melodrama" siv lub npe hu ua. lus hu nkauj, nws. Sprechgesang (“Lunar Pierrot”, 1912). Tom qab ntawd, ib qho nruab nrab ntawm M. tshwm sim, uas qhov kev sib dhos tau qhia meej, thiab lub suab ntawm lub suab tau qhia kwv yees li ("Ode rau Napoleon" los ntawm Schoenberg, 1942). Qhov txawv. hom M. nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th. kuj tau siv Vl. Vogel, P. Boulez, L. Nono thiab lwm tus).
References: Volkov-Davydov SD, Phau ntawv qhia luv luv rau melodeclamation (thawj kev paub), M., 1903; Glumov AN, On the musicality of speech intonation, in: Questions of Musicology, vol. 2 Ib., 1956.
