Tsis yog chord suab |
German akkordfremde los yog harmoniefremde Töne, Lus Askiv. nonharmonic tones, Fabkis sau ntawv étrangere, ital. nco ntsoov nco txog melodiche lossis sau ntawv ornamentali
Suab uas tsis yog ib feem ntawm chord. N. h. txhawb kev sib haum xeeb. consonances, qhia melodic rau hauv lawv. gravitation, sib txawv lub suab ntawm chords, tsim ntxiv melodic-functional kev sib txuas hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog lawv. N. h. raug cais feem ntau nyob ntawm txoj kev sib cuam tshuam nrog chord suab: ua N. z. mus rau ib tug hnyav ntaus ntawm bar, thiab chord sawv daws yuav mus rau ib lub teeb, los yog vice versa, puas N. z. rov? mus rau tus thawj chord los yog mus rau lwm chord, seb N. z tshwm. nyob rau hauv kev nce qib los yog coj sai, txawm N. z. ib tug thib ob txav los yog nws hloov tawm mus pov tseg, thiab lwm yam. Muaj cov nram qab no lub ntsiab. hom N.h.:
1) raug kaw (abbreviation: h); 2) appoggiatura (ap); 3) dhau suab (n); 4) auxiliary suab (c); 5) cambiata (rau), los yog tam sim ntawd pov auxiliary; 6) dhia suab (sk) - kaw los yog pab, coj tsis tau npaj thiab tso tseg. tsis muaj kev tso cai; 7) nqa (pm) (piv txwv li 1-7).
Nek-ry Type N. h. zoo sib xws thiab tsim cov chav kawm loj:
Kuv - kev tuav pov hwm (kev tuav pov hwm tiag tiag thiab appoggiatura, nrog rau dhia ntawm kev ntaus hnyav), II - dhau, III - pab pawg (ua tau pab, cambiata, dhia ntawm ib qho yooj yim ntaus), IV- ua ntej.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm N. h. tuaj yeem ua cov suab nrov hauv lub suab sab sauv thiab nruab nrab (piv txwv 8). Rau N. h. qee zaum muaj cov theem nrab N. h. lub N.h. kev txiav txim thib ob (piv txwv 9). N. sib h. Qee lub sij hawm suab zoo li ib txwm chord nrog chords (nws yog hu ua ib qho kev xav chord, saib hauv qhov piv txwv 10 ncua ntev mus rau ib qho loj triad, suab zoo li me me tsis chord; es = dis). Txhua N.h. tig tawm mus rau qhov kawg (qee zaum hauv txoj kev nyuaj) nyob ib sab ntawm chordal sawv daws yuav, uas lawv ua haujlwm nyob ntawm. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm N. z. yog qhov xav tau rau lawv qhov kev daws teeb meem (saib piv txwv 1-5, 9-10), lawv txawv li cas ntawm cov ntxiv (raws li Rameau, “ajoutye”) suab lossis sab tones; dhia tones zoo li yuav daws tau los ntawm lub suab ntawm chord hauv lwm lub suab; cov suab nrov ua raws li cov cai ntawm lub cev taw tes. Kev daws teeb meem N. h. nws kuj tuaj yeem ua tau nyuaj heev (AN Scriabin, 4th sonata, ntu 1, vol. 2). N. h. ua tau ntawm ib lub sijhawm. nyob rau hauv ob peb lub suab, mus txog rau tig mus rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb hom ntawm linear function chords – ncua chords (L. Beethoven, Adagio ntawm lub 9th symphony, vols. 11, 18), dhau (JS Bach, 3rd Brandenburg Concerto, part 1, v. 2 ntawm qhov kawg), auxiliary (SS Prokofiev, "Romeo thiab Juliet", No. 25, seev cev nrog mandolins), cov kauj ruam (PI Tchaikovsky, sonata rau piano, v. 1-4). Distribution of regularities N. z. (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dhau) ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. succession, prolongation ntawm cov qauv-txhawb kev sib haum xeeb muaj peev xwm kho kom zoo nkauj thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm veil lub hauv paus harmonies. kev sib xyaw ua ke (piv txwv li, txav V-IV hauv cov tuav 1-2 ntawm Scriabin's prelude hauv D-dur op. 11). Table H. H.:
References: Rimsky-Korsakov NA, Phau ntawv qhia txog kev sib haum xeeb, vol. 1-2, St. Petersburg, 1884-85, tib yam, Poln. coll. soj., vol. IV, M., 1960; Taneev S., Mobile counterpoint of nruj sau ntawv, Leipzig, 1909, the same, M., 1959; Catuar G., Theoretical course of harmony, part 2, M., 1925; Tyulin Yu. N., Phau ntawv qhia tswv yim rau kev qhia txog kev sib raug zoo raws li Bach's chorales, L., 1927 (ntawm nplooj ntawv lub npe: Taw qhia ...); Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Practical course of harmony, part 2, M., 1935; Riemann H., Katechismus der Harmonielehre, Lpz., 1890; Schenker H., Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien, Bd 1, B. – Stuttg., 1906, Bd 3, W., 1935, 1956; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Tl 1, Mainz, 1937, neue Ausg., 1940; Piston W., Harmony, NY, 1941; Karastianov A., Polyphonic Harmony, Sofia, 1959 (hauv Lavxias txhais lus - Polyphonic Harmony, M., 1964).
Yu. N. Kholopov
