Suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag |
Lus Askiv — xim suab paj nruag, German. — Farblichtmusik, Fabkis. - musique des couleeur
Lo lus siv los hais txog hom kev kos duab. thiab scientific thiab technical. kev sim nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm synthesis ntawm suab paj nruag thiab lub teeb. Lub tswv yim ntawm "lub zeem muag" ntawm cov suab paj nruag tau dhau los ua qhov txhais tau tias. kev loj hlob txuam nrog evolution ntawm science ntawm art-ve. Yog hais tias qhov ntxov tshaj theories ntawm S. pib los ntawm kev lees paub ntawm extrahuman predetermination ntawm cov kev cai ntawm kev hloov suab paj nruag rau hauv lub teeb, to taub raws li ib yam ntawm lub cev. txheej txheem, tom qab ntawd hauv cov ntsiab lus txuas ntxiv ntawm tib neeg qhov tseem ceeb pib coj mus rau hauv tus account nrog rau kev rov hais dua rau lub cev, lub hlwb, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau qhov zoo nkauj. sib nrauj. Thawj qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws (J. Arcimboldo hauv Ltalis, A. Kircher hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, L. B. Castel nyob rau hauv Fabkis) yog raws li lub siab xav ua kom tiav unambiguous "txhais lus" suab paj nruag rau hauv lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub spectrum-octave analogy thov los ntawm I. Newton nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim cosmology, lub tswvyim ntawm "suab paj nruag ntawm lub spheres" (Pythagoras, I. Kepler). Cov tswv yim no tau nrov nyob rau xyoo 17th-19th. thiab cog rau hauv ob lub DOS. variants: "xim suab paj nruag" - nrog rau cov suab paj nruag los ntawm ib theem ntawm cov xim txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tsis meej ntawm qhov ntsuas - xim ntau yam; "suab paj nruag ntawm cov xim" yog lub suab tsis hloov ntawm cov xim uas hloov lub suab hauv suab paj nruag raws li qhov sib piv. Ntawm cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm Castel (1688-1757) yog nws cov neeg sau nkauj J. F. Ramau, G. Telemann, UA E. M. Gretry thiab tom qab ntawd cov kws tshawb fawb E. Darwin, D. I. Khmelnitsky thiab lwm tus. Ntawm nws cov neeg thuam yog - cov neeg xav zoo li D. Diderot, J. d'Alembert, J. J. Rousseau, Voltaire, G. E. Lessing, artists W. Hogarth, P. Gonzago, as well as J. V. Goethe, J. Buffon, G Helmholtz, uas tau taw qhia txog qhov tsis muaj tseeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ncaj qha ntawm cov cai ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag (hnov) mus rau qhov pom kev. Kev soj ntsuam tseem ceeb ntawm Castel cov tswv yim tau mob siab rau hauv 1742 tshwj xeeb. Lub rooj sib tham ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Sciences. Twb yog thawj “lub cev lub teeb” (B. Npis Sov, A. Rimington), uas tshwm sim tom qab kev tsim hluav taws xob. Lub teeb qhov chaw, ntseeg nrog lawv tus kheej ob lub qhov muag uas Castel cov neeg thuam yog txoj cai. Tab sis qhov tsis muaj kev xyaum dav dav ntawm lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag synthesis tau ua rau rov ua qhov kev sim hauv kev tsim kom muaj qhov sib piv ntawm cov nplai thiab xim sib lawv liag (F. I. Yuryev; D. Kellogg hauv Asmeskas, K. Löf hauv Germany). Cov tswv yim siv tshuab no tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj hauv cov ntsiab lus thiab ntuj-philosophical hauv keeb kwm. Kev tshawb nrhiav cov cai ntawm lub teeb-suab paj nruag. synthesis, to-rye yuav xyuas kom meej qhov ua tiav ntawm kev sib sau ntawm suab paj nruag thiab lub teeb, thaum xub thawj tau txuam nrog kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib haum xeeb (kev sib haum xeeb) nkaus xwb raws li ontological. pawg. Qhov no txhawb txoj kev ntseeg ntawm lub luag haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm "kev txhais cov suab paj nruag rau xim", lub siab xav nkag siab txog cov cai hais raws li kev tshawb fawb ntuj. cov cai. Lub belated relapse ntawm Castellianism yog sawv cev los ntawm kev sim ntawm qee cov kws tshawb fawb thiab engineers kom ua tiav "kev txhais lus" ntawm cov suab paj nruag rau hauv lub ntiaj teb nrog kev pab ntawm automation thiab cybernetics ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ntau txoj kev, tab sis kuj unambiguous algorithms (piv txwv li, cov kev sim. ntawm K. L. Leontiev thiab lub Laboratory ntawm xim suab paj nruag Leningrad A. S.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th thawj lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag compositions tau tshwm sim, cov creation ntawm uas sib haum mus rau qhov zoo nkauj tiag tiag. xav tau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog lub tswv yim ntawm "lub teeb symphony" hauv AN Scriabin's "Prometheus" (1910), nyob rau hauv cov qhab nia uas thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb suab paj nruag. xyaum los ntawm tus composer nws tus kheej qhia tshwj xeeb. txoj hlua "Luce" (lub teeb), sau rau hauv cov ntawv ib txwm siv rau qhov ntsuas "tastiera per luce" ("light clavier"). Qhov thib ob qhov teeb pom kev zoo yog xim "visualization" ntawm kev ua haujlwm lub suab lus. Ib lub suab, txawb, ua raws cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev sib haum xeeb (txhais tau los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv raws li kev hloov pauv hauv cov yuam sij). Lwm qhov, tsis muaj zog, zoo li kho cov yuam sij siv thiab muaj tsuas yog xya daim ntawv, tom qab tag nrho lub suab teev los ntawm Fis mus rau Fis, qhia txog cov kev xav ntawm "Prometheus" hauv cov cim xim (kev loj hlob ntawm "tus ntsuj plig" thiab "teeb meem" ). Tsis muaj qhov qhia tau tias cov xim twg haum rau cov suab paj nruag hauv "Luce". Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov kev paub no, txij li xyoo 1915 "Prometheus" tau rov ua dua nrog lub teeb nrog.
Ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm lwm cov neeg sau nto moo yog Schoenberg's Lucky Hand (1913), VV Shcherbachev's Nonet (1919), Stravinsky's Black Concerto (1946), Y. Xenakis 'Polytope (1967), Poetoria Shchedrin (1968), "Qhov Ua Ntej" (raws li. ntawm sketches los ntawm AN Skryabin, AP Nemtin, 1972). Tag nrho cov txuj ci no. Cov kev sim, zoo li Scriabin's "Prometheus", tau cuam tshuam nrog kev thov rau kev sib hais xim, nrog rau kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub suab thiab lub teeb, los yog theej, hnov thiab pom raws li kev xav ntawm lub hlwb. tshwm sim. Nws yog nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev paub ntawm epistemological. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tshwm sim no, ib qho kev xav tau tshwm sim kom ua tiav qhov kev sib koom ua ke hauv lub teeb-suab paj nruag synthesis, uas nws tau los ua qhov tsim nyog siv cov tswv yim ntawm kev hnov-pob ntseg polyphony (Skryabin hauv nws cov phiaj xwm rau "Kev Ua Haujlwm Ua Ntej" thiab "Tsis Paub. ”, LL Sabaneev, VV Kandinsky, SM Eisenstein, BM Galeev, Yu. A. Pravdyuk thiab lwm tus); Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nws tau los tham txog lub teeb suab paj nruag raws li kev kos duab, txawm hais tias nws txoj kev ywj pheej zoo li muaj teeb meem rau qee tus kws tshawb fawb (KD Balmont, VV Vanslov, F. Popper).
Muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th thwmsim nrog "dynamic light painting" (GI Gidoni, VD Baranov-Rossine, Z. Peshanek, F. Malina, SM Zorin), "tsim xinesmas" (G. Richter, O. Fischinger, N. McLaren) , "instrumental choreography" (F. Boehme, O. Pine, N. Schaeffer) yuam kom them sai sai rau qhov tshwj xeeb. nta ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv pom hauv S., txawv txav thiab feem ntau tsuas yog siv tsis tau rau cov tswv yim. assimilation los ntawm suab paj nruag (ch. arr. nrog rau cov teeb meem ntawm lub spatial lub koom haum ntawm lub teeb). S. muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov kab lig kev cai. thov los ntawm koj. Nrog rau lub suab, nws siv cov khoom siv lub teeb-xim xim (kev sib txuas nrog kev pleev xim), ua raws li cov cai ntawm muses. logic thiab suab paj nruag. Cov ntaub ntawv (kev sib txuas nrog suab paj nruag), txuas ncaj qha nrog "intonations" ntawm kev txav ntawm cov khoom ntuj thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tib neeg taw tes (kev sib txuas nrog choreography). Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem tsim kev ywj pheej nrog kev koom tes ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev kho, hloov qhov loj ntawm txoj kev npaj, lub kaum sab xis, thiab lwm yam (kev sib txuas nrog xinesmas). Distinguish S. rau konts. kev ua yeeb yam, luam tawm nrog kev pab ntawm suab paj nruag. thiab cov cuab yeej teeb pom kev zoo; lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag films tsim nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua yeeb yaj kiab; tsis siv neeg lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag kev teeb tsa rau kev siv lub hom phiaj, teej tug mus rau lub figurative system ntawm cov hniav thiab tsim. foob.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no, txij thaum pib. Cov kev sim ntawm xyoo pua 20th tau ua tiav. Ntawm cov kev ua tsov ua rog ua ntej - kev sim ntawm LL Sabaneev, GM Rimsky-Korsakov, LS Termen, PP Kondratsky - nyob rau hauv lub USSR; A. Klein, T. Wilfred, A. Laszlo, F. Bentham – txawv teb chaws. Hauv 60-70s. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th lub teeb concerts ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm tsim "Prometheus" ntawm lub Kazan Aviation lub koom haum tau nto moo. nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntawm lub teeb suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv Kharkov thiab Moscow. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm AN Scriabin, zaj duab xis concert. Halls "Lub Kaum Hli" nyob rau hauv Leningrad, "Russia" nyob rau hauv Moscow - nyob rau hauv lub USSR; Amer. "Light Music Ensemble" hauv New York, intl. Philips, thiab lwm yam - txawv teb chaws. Qhov ntau ntawm txhais tau tias siv rau qhov no suav nrog cov txheej txheem tshiab kawg. ua tiav mus txog lasers thiab computers. Ua raws li kev sim ua yeeb yaj kiab "Prometheus" thiab "Perpetual motion" (tsim chaw ua haujlwm "Prometheus"), "Suab paj nruag thiab xim" (Kyiv zaj duab xis studio hu ua tom qab AP Dovzhenko), "Space - Earth - Space" ("Mosfilm") pib tso lub teeb. -musical films rau tis (Little Triptych rau suab paj nruag los ntawm GV Sviridov, Kazan Film Studio, 1975; films Kab rov tav kab los ntawm N. McLaren thiab Optical Poem los ntawm O. Fischinger - txawv teb chaws). Cov ntsiab lus ntawm S. yog dav siv hauv suab paj nruag. t-re, nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Lawv tau siv hauv kev ua yeeb yam xws li "Suab thiab Teeb", uas tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv huab cua qhib. Serial zus tau tej cov hniav teeb thiab suab paj nruag installation rau sab hauv tsim yog dav tsim. Cov squares thiab chaw ua si ntawm Yerevan, Batumi, Kirov, Sochi, Krivoy Rog, Dnepropetrovsk, Moscow yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag qhov chaw "dancing" rau suab paj nruag. Qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag synthesis nplooj siab. tus kws tshaj lij. scientific symposia. Cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws yog "Farbe-Ton-Forschungen" cov rooj sib tham hauv tebchaws Yelemes (1927 thiab 1930) thiab All-Union lub rooj sib tham "Lub Teeb thiab Suab Nkauj" hauv USSR (1967, 1969, 1975).
References: Cov lus hais uas tau nyeem nyob rau hauv pej xeem sau los ntawm Imperial Academy of Sciences thaum lub Plaub Hlis 29, 1742, St. Petersburg, 1744; Sabaneev L., Skryabin, M.-Pg., 1917; Rimsky-Korsakov GM, Deciphering lub teeb kab ntawm Scriabin's "Prometheus", nyob rau hauv sau: Vremennik ntawm lub Department of Theory thiab keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag ntawm lub xeev. Lub koom haum ntawm Art History, vol. 1923, L., 2; ib. Gidoni GI, Art of Light and Colour, L., 1926; Leontiev K., Suab paj nruag thiab xim, M., 1930; nws tus kheej, Xim ntawm Prometheus, M., 1961; Galeev B., Scriabin thiab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm pom suab paj nruag, nyob rau hauv: Suab paj nruag thiab Modernity, vol. Xyoo 1965, M., 6; nws tus kheej, Artistic thiab technical thwmsim ntawm SLE "Prometheus", Kazan, 1969; nws tus kheej, Lub teeb suab paj nruag: tsim thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos duab tshiab, Kazan, 1974; Lub Rooj Sab Laj “Lub Teeb thiab Suab Nkauj” (cov lus piav qhia thiab cov ntsiab lus), Kazan, 1976; Rags Yu., Nazaikinsky E., On the artistic possibilities of the synthesis of music and color, in: Musical Art and Science, vol. Xyoo 1969, M., 1; Yuryev FI, Music of Light, K., 1970; Vanechkina IL, Ntawm lub teeb-suab paj nruag lub tswv yim ntawm AN Scriabin, hauv: Cov lus nug ntawm keeb kwm, kev xav ntawm suab paj nruag thiab kev kawm suab paj nruag, Sat. Xyoo 1971, Kazan, 2; nws tus kheej, Ntu “Luce” uas yog tus yuam sij rau Scriabin txoj kev sib raug zoo lig, “SM”, 1972, No 1977; Galeev BM, Andreev SA, Tsim cov qauv ntawm lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag, M., 4; Dzyubenko AG, Xim suab paj nruag, M., 1973; Art of glowing suab. Sat. Art., Kazan, 1973; Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm All-Union School of Young Scientists txog qhov teeb meem ntawm "Lub teeb thiab suab paj nruag". (Peb lub rooj sab laj), Kazan, 1973; Vanslov VV, Visual arts and music. Essays, L., 1975.
BM Galeev
