Avet Rubenovich Terterian (Avet Terterian) |

Terterian Avet

… Avet Terteryan yog ib tug kws sau nkauj uas symphonism yog ib qho kev qhia txog tej yam ntuj tso. K. Meyer

Muaj tseeb tiag, muaj hnub thiab lub sijhawm uas kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev xav ntau dua ntau thiab ntau xyoo, ua qee yam hloov pauv hauv tus neeg lub neej, txiav txim siab nws txoj hmoo, txoj haujlwm. Rau ib tug me nyuam tub muaj kaum ob xyoos, tom qab tus naas ej Soviet composer Avet Terteryan, lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub Sergei Prokofiev thiab nws cov phooj ywg nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Avet niam txiv, nyob rau hauv Baku, thaum kawg ntawm 1941, ua luv luv, tab sis khaus. . Prokofiev tus cwj pwm tuav nws tus kheej, hais lus, qhia nws lub tswv yim qhib siab, paub meej meej thiab pib ua haujlwm txhua hnub. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau sau zaj nkauj "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb", thiab thaum sawv ntxov lub suab paj nruag zoo nkauj tau nrawm los ntawm chav nyob, qhov chaw piano sawv.

Cov qhua tawm mus, tab sis ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, thaum cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm kev xaiv txoj haujlwm - seb puas yuav ua raws li nws txiv mus rau lub tsev kawm kho mob lossis xaiv lwm yam - tus tub hluas txiav txim siab - mus rau lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag. Avet tau txais nws qhov kev kawm suab paj nruag los ntawm tsev neeg uas yog suab paj nruag - nws txiv, tus kws kho mob zoo nkauj hauv Baku, qee zaum tau raug caw los hu nkauj lub luag haujlwm hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm P. Tchaikovsky thiab G. Verdi, nws niam. muaj ib tug zoo heev ua yeeb yam soprano, nws tus kwv yau Herman tom qab los ua ib tug neeg xyuas pib.

Tus kws sau ntawv Armenian A. Satyan, tus kws sau nkauj nrov hauv Armenia, nrog rau tus kws qhia paub zoo G. Litinsky, thaum nyob hauv Baku, xav qhia Terteryan mus rau Yerevan thiab kawm txog kev sib xyaw ua ke. Thiab tsis ntev Avet nkag mus rau Yerevan Conservatory, nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm E. Mirzoyan. Thaum nws kawm, nws tau sau Sonata rau Cello thiab Piano, uas tau txais khoom plig ntawm kev sib tw Republican thiab ntawm All-Union Review of Young Composers, romances ntawm cov lus Lavxias thiab Armenian paj huam, Quartet hauv C loj, suab-symphonic voj voog "Motherland" - ib tug ua hauj lwm uas coj nws mus rau ib tug tiag tiag txoj kev vam meej, muab lub All-Union nqi zog ntawm lub Young Composers Competition nyob rau hauv 1962, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm A. Zhuraitis, nws suab nyob rau hauv lub Hall of Cov kab.

Tom qab thawj qhov kev vam meej tuaj thawj qhov kev sim siab cuam tshuam nrog lub suab-symphonic voj voog hu ua "Revolution". Thawj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm kuj yog qhov kawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm tsis yog vain. Cov nqe lus zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Armenian kws sau paj huam, tus hu nkauj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig, Yeghishe Charents, tau ntes tus kws sau lub tswv yim nrog lawv lub zog muaj zog, suab keeb kwm, kev siv pej xeem. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm muaj tswv yim tsis ua hauj lwm, lub zog tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub zog tshwm sim thiab lub ntsiab lub ntsiab ntawm creativity tau tsim. Tom qab ntawd, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 35 xyoos, tus kws sau nkauj paub tseeb - yog tias koj tsis muaj nws, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob koom nrog kev sau, thiab yav tom ntej nws yuav ua pov thawj qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev xav no: nws tus kheej, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ... Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub tswv yim - Motherland thiab Revolution, dialectical paub txog cov ntau, ua yeeb yam ntawm lawv cov kev sib cuam tshuam. Lub tswv yim los sau ib qho opera imbued nrog lub siab ncaj ncees motives ntawm Charents ' paj huam xa tus composer mus nrhiav ib tug ntse revolutionary zajlus. Tus neeg sau xov xwm V. Shakhnazaryan, nyiam ua haujlwm raws li tus kws sau ntawv, tsis ntev los no tau hais qhia - B. Lavrenev zaj dab neeg "Plaub-Thawj". Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub opera tau pauv mus rau Armenia, qhov twg nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo revolutionary kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm Zangezur. Cov heroes yog ib tug hluas nkauj peasant thiab ib tug lieutenant los ntawm cov qub pre-revolutionary pab tub rog. Charents 'passion verses tau hnov ​​​​hauv Opera los ntawm tus nyeem ntawv, hauv pawg hu nkauj thiab solo.

Lub opera tau txais cov lus teb dav dav, tau lees paub tias yog lub ci ntsa iab, muaj peev xwm, kev ua haujlwm tshiab. Ob peb xyoos tom qab lub premiere nyob rau hauv Yerevan (1967), nws tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm lub ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv Halle (GDR), thiab nyob rau hauv 1978 nws qhib lub International Success ntawm GF Handel, uas yog muaj nyob rau txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv lub composer lub teb chaws.

Tom qab tsim lub opera, tus composer sau 6 symphonies. Qhov ua tau ntawm philosophic nkag siab nyob rau hauv symphonic qhov chaw ntawm tib dluab, tib lub ntsiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog attracts nws. Tom qab ntawd lub ballet "Richard III" raws li W. Shakespeare, ua yeeb yam "Earthquake" raws li zaj dab neeg ntawm tus kws sau ntawv German G. Kleist "Earthquake in Chile" thiab dua cov symphonies - Xya, Yim - tshwm sim. Txhua tus neeg uas muaj tsawg kawg ib zaug ua tib zoo mloog txhua lub suab nkauj ntawm Terteryaia tom qab ntawd yuav yooj yim paub nws cov suab paj nruag. Nws yog tshwj xeeb, spatial, yuav tsum tau tsom ntsoov rau. Ntawm no, txhua lub suab tawm yog ib qho duab hauv nws tus kheej, lub tswv yim, thiab peb ua raws li kev xav tsis thoob nws lub zog ntxiv, raws li txoj hmoo ntawm tus phab ej. Lub suab duab ntawm symphonies mus txog yuav luag theem kev nthuav qhia: lub suab-pob ntseg, lub suab-tus neeg ua yeeb yam, uas kuj yog ib qho piv txwv poetic, thiab peb tshem tawm nws lub ntsiab lus. Terteryan cov hauj lwm txhawb cov neeg mloog kom tig lawv lub ntsej muag sab hauv mus rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej, mus rau nws qhov chaw nyob mus ib txhis, xav txog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab nws txoj kev zoo nkauj. Yog li ntawd, cov poetic peaks ntawm Terterian lub symphonies thiab operas ib txwm tig tawm los ua cov lus yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg hauv paus chiv keeb, ua los ntawm lub suab, feem ntau ntawm cov twj paj nruag, lossis cov twj paj nruag pej xeem. Qhov no yog qhov thib 2 ntawm qhov thib ob Symphony suab - monophonic baritone improvisation; ib ntu ntawm Third Symphony - ib pawg ntawm ob duduks thiab ob zurns; lub suab paj nruag ntawm kamancha uas permeates tag nrho lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub thib tsib Symphony; dapa tog nyob rau hauv lub Xya; ntawm lub ncov thib rau yuav muaj ib pab pawg hu nkauj, qhov twg es tsis txhob ntawm cov lus muaj lub suab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Armenian "ayb, ben, gim, dan", thiab lwm yam raws li lub cim ntawm kev nkag siab thiab kev xav ntawm sab ntsuj plig. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws yuav zoo li, cov cim, tab sis lawv muaj lub ntsiab lus tob. Nyob rau hauv no, Terteryan txoj hauj lwm echoes cov kos duab ntawm xws li artists A. Tarkovsky thiab S. Parajanov. Koj symphonies yog dab tsi? cov neeg mloog nug Terteryan. "Txog txhua yam," tus sau teb, ua rau txhua tus nkag siab lawv cov ntsiab lus.

Terterian's symphonies tau ua nyob rau hauv lub koob npe nrov thoob ntiaj teb suab paj nruag festivals - nyob rau hauv Zagreb, qhov twg kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov suab paj nruag tam sim no muaj txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ntawm "Warsaw Autumn", hauv West Berlin. Lawv kuj nrov nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws - nyob rau hauv Yerevan, Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, Minsk, Tallinn, Novosibirsk, Saratov, Tashkent ... Rau ib tug neeg xyuas pib, Terteryan lub suab paj nruag qhib lub sij hawm los siv nws lub peev xwm muaj tswv yim raws li ib tug neeg ntaus suab paj nruag dav heev. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm no zoo li suav nrog kev sib koom ua ke. Ib qho nthuav nthuav dav: symphonies, nyob ntawm qhov kev txhais, ntawm lub peev xwm, raws li tus kws sau ntawv hais tias, "mloog lub suab", tuaj yeem kav ntev rau ntau lub sijhawm. Nws Plaub Symphony suab ob qho tib si 22 thiab 30 feeb, Xya - thiab 27 thiab 38! Xws li kev sib koom tes, muaj tswv yim zoo nrog tus kws sau ntawv suav nrog D. Khanjyan, tus neeg txhais lus zoo ntawm nws thawj 4 symphonies. G. Rozhdestvensky, nyob rau hauv uas nws ci ntsa iab ua yeeb yam lub Plaub thiab Fifth tau sounded, A. Lazarev, nyob rau hauv uas nws ua yeeb yam lub thib rau Symphony suab impressively, sau rau chamber orchestra, chamber choir thiab 9 phonograms nrog ib tug kaw lus ntawm ib tug loj symphony orchestra, harpsichords thiab tswb. chimes.

Terteryan lub suab paj nruag kuj caw cov neeg mloog kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los sib sau ua ke ntawm sab ntsuj plig kev rau siab ntawm ob tus kws sau nkauj, tus kws ua yeeb yam thiab cov neeg mloog nyob rau hauv lub neej tsis muaj kev nkees thiab nyuaj rau kev paub txog lub neej.

M. Rukhkyan