Daniil Ilyich Pokhitonov |

Daniil Pokhitonov

Cov Neeg Artist ntawm RSFSR (1957). Keeb kwm ntawm Mariinsky Theatre (Kirov Opera thiab Ballet Theatre) yog inseparable los ntawm lub npe ntawm Pokhitonov. Rau ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo pua nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub txaj ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruas ua yeeb yam, ua ib tug tag nrho tus khub ntawm lub loj tshaj plaws vocalists. Pokhitonov tuaj ntawm no tom qab kawm tiav ntawm St. Petersburg Conservatory (1905), qhov twg nws cov xib fwb yog A. Lyadov, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov. Qhov pib yog me ntsis - nws tau txais ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo hauv kev ua yeeb yam, ua ntej ua tus pianist-accompanist, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tus hu nkauj.

Qhov xwm txheej ib txwm coj nws mus rau pawg tswj hwm ntawm Mariinsky Theatre: F. Blumenfeld poob mob, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua qhov kev ua yeeb yam tsis yog nws. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1909 - Rimsky-Korsakov's Snow Maiden los ua nws thawj zaug. Napravnik nws tus kheej foom koob hmoov rau Pokhitonov ua ib tug neeg xyuas pib. Txhua xyoo tus kws kos duab repertoire suav nrog cov haujlwm tshiab. Lub ntsiab sib koom ua si los ntawm Lavxias teb sab opera classics: Poj huab tais ntawm Spades, Dubrovsky, Eugene Onegin, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Tsar Saltan.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho lub suab paj nruag tau ua si los ntawm kev ncig ua si hauv Moscow, qhov twg hauv 1912 nws tau ua Khovanshchina nrog kev koom tes ntawm Chaliapin. Tus neeg hu nkauj ci ntsa iab tau txaus siab heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab tom qab ntawd hu nkauj nrog kev txaus siab hauv cov khoom tsim los ntawm Pokhitonov. Cov npe ntawm "Chaliapin" kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm Pokhitonov yog qhov dav heev: "Boris Godunov", "Pskovite", "Mermaid", "Judith", "Enemy Force", "Mozart thiab Salieri", "The Barber of Seville". Cia peb ntxiv tias Pyukhitonov tau koom nrog kev ncig xyuas kev ua yeeb yam Lavxias hauv Paris thiab London (1913) ua tus hu nkauj. Chaliapin hu nkauj ntawm no hauv "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina" thiab "Pskovityanka". Pokhitonov yog tus neeg hu nkauj zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub tuam txhab Pisishchiy Amur tau ua ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Chaliapin.

Ntau tus neeg hu nkauj, ntawm lawv L. Sobinov, I. Ershov, I. Alchevsky, yeej ib txwm ua tib zoo mloog cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws paub txog kev sib tham thiab tus thawj coj. Thiab qhov no yog to taub: Pokhitonov subtly to taub lub peculiarities ntawm suab paj nruag. Nws tau ua raws li txhua qhov kev xav ntawm tus soloist, muab nws txoj kev ywj pheej tsim nyog ntawm kev tsim tawm. Raws li niaj hnub sau tseg, nws "paub yuav ua li cas tuag li ib tug neeg hu nkauj" rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm tag nrho. Tej zaum nws cov ntsiab lus txhais tsis muaj originality lossis muaj peev xwm, tab sis tag nrho cov kev ua yeeb yam tau tuav ntawm qib siab zoo nkauj thiab tau txawv los ntawm kev saj. "Ib tug connoisseur ntawm nws cov khoom siv tes ua, ib tug paub txog kev," sau V. Bogdanov-Berezovsky, "Pokhitonov yog impeccable nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm reproducing tus qhab nia. Tab sis nws txoj kev ua raws li kev coj noj coj ua muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm kev tsis lees paub rau lwm tus txoj cai.

Kirov Theatre tshuav ntau qhov kev vam meej rau Pokhitonov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau Lavxias teb sab operas, nws qhia, ntawm chav kawm, ua yeeb yam ntawm txawv teb chaws repertoire. Twb tau nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, Pokhitonov kuj ua hauj lwm fruitful nyob rau hauv lub Maly Opera Theatre (1918-1932), ua yeeb yam nrog symphony concerts, thiab qhia nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad Conservatory.

Lit .: Pokhitonov DI "Los ntawm yav dhau los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Opera". Ib., 1949.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek