Boris Petrovych Kravchenko (Boris Kravchenko) |
Boris Kravchenko
Leningrad composer ntawm nruab nrab tiam, Kravchenko tuaj rau kev ua suab paj nruas kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub lig 50s. Nws txoj hauj lwm yog txawv los ntawm ib tug dav siv ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem atherosclerosis intonations, rov hais dua rau cov ncauj lus hais txog lub kiv puag ncig, mus rau lub heroic yav dhau los ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb uas tus kws sau ntawv tau ua haujlwm nyob rau xyoo tas los no yog opera.
Boris Petrovich Kravchenko yug rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 28, 1929 nyob rau hauv Leningrad nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug engineer geodetic. Vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm leej txiv txoj haujlwm, tsev neeg feem ntau tawm hauv Leningrad mus ntev. Tus neeg sau yav tom ntej hauv nws thaum yau tau mus xyuas thaj chaw lag ntseg tag nrho ntawm thaj av Arkhangelsk, Komi ASSR, Northern Urals, nrog rau Ukraine, Belarus thiab lwm qhov chaw hauv Soviet Union. Txij thaum ntawd los, pej xeem tales, legends thiab, ntawm chav kawm, zaj nkauj tau poob rau hauv nws lub cim xeeb, tej zaum tsis yog ib txwm tsis nco qab. Muaj lwm yam kev nyiam suab paj nruag: nws niam, tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag zoo, uas kuj muaj lub suab zoo, qhia tus tub rau suab paj nruag loj. Txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog plaub los tsib xyoos, nws pib ua si piano, sim sau nws tus kheej. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, Boris kawm piano nyob rau hauv lub regional music tsev kawm ntawv.
Kev tsov rog cuam tshuam cov kev kawm suab paj nruag rau lub sijhawm ntev. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1942, raws Txoj Kev Ua Neej, niam thiab tus tub raug coj mus rau Urals (leej txiv tau tawm tsam hauv Baltic). Rov qab mus rau Leningrad xyoo 1944, tus tub hluas nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv aviation technical, thiab tom qab kawm tiav nws pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas. Thaum tseem nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv technical, nws rov pib sau suab paj nruag thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1951 tuaj mus rau lub seminar ntawm amateur composers ntawm lub Leningrad Union ntawm Composers. Tam sim no nws tau paub meej rau Kravchenko tias suab paj nruag yog nws txoj haujlwm tiag tiag. Nws kawm nyuaj heev tias thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Suab paj nruag, thiab xyoo 1953, tau ua tiav plaub xyoos hauv tsev kawm ntawv ob xyoos (hauv chav kawm ntawm GI Ustvolskaya), nws nkag mus rau Leningrad Conservatory. . Nyob rau hauv Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Composition, nws kawm nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm compositions los ntawm Yu. A. Balkashin thiab xibfwb BA Arapov.
Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub conservatory nyob rau hauv 1958, Kravchenko mob siab rau nws tus kheej tag nrho rau sau. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais kawm xyoo, lub Scope ntawm nws muaj tswv yim txaus siab tau txiav txim siab. Cov tub ntxhais hluas composer masters ntau yam theatrical ib hom ntawv thiab cov ntawv. Nws ua haujlwm ntawm choreographic miniatures, suab paj nruag rau puppet theatre, opera, suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam. Nws cov xim yog attracted los ntawm lub orchestra ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem seev, uas dhau los ua ib tug tiag tiag muaj tswv yim kuaj rau lub tshuab raj.
Rov ua dua thiab tsis txhob txwm, tus kws sau ntawv rov hais dua rau operetta. Nws tsim nws thawj txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem - "Ib Hmo Ntuj Hmo Ntuj" - nyob rau hauv 1962. Los ntawm 1964, lub suab paj nruag comedy "Ua txhaum rau ib tug hluas nkauj" belongs; Nyob rau hauv 1973 Kravchenko sau lub operetta Cov Adventures ntawm Ignat, ib tug Lavxias teb sab tub rog;
Ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm lwm yam yog operas Cruelty (1967), Lieutenant Schmidt (1971), comic me nyuam opera Ay Da Balda (1972), Lavxias teb sab Frescoes rau unaccompanied choir (1965), oratorio Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj (1966), romances, daim. rau piano.
L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich
