Tetrachord |
Greek tetraxordon, lit. - plaub-txoj hlua, los ntawm tetra, hauv cov lus sib xyaw - plaub thiab xordn - hlua
Ib tug plaub-kauj ruam teev nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm ib tug zoo meej plaub (piv txwv li, g – a – h – c). Txoj hauj lwm tshwj xeeb ntawm T. ntawm monodich. Cov qauv qauv txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm 2 yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv - linear (sib txuas nrog kev txav mus los ntawm lub suab ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov sawv) thiab kev sib haum xeeb (raws li - nrog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb). Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm consonance raws li ib tug regulator ntawm melodic zog ua ntej tau qhov nqaim tshaj ntawm cov consonances - lub plaub, "thawj" consonance (Gaudentius; saib Janus C., "Musici scriptores graeci", p. 338). Ua tsaug rau qhov no, T. (thiab tsis yog octachord thiab pentachord) dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej lwm qhov ntsuas. cell ntawm modal system. Xws li yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm T. nyob rau hauv lwm yam Greek. suab paj nruag. Lub consonant ntug tones uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm T. ("taw" - estotes, "gestuts") yog cov abutments nyob rau hauv nws, thiab cov mobile sawv daws yuav (xinoumenoi - "kinemens") yuav hloov, tsim nyob rau hauv 4 kauj ruam decomp. diatonic, chromatic nplai thiab anharmonic. kev yug menyuam (saib Ancient Greek hom). Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau cov qauv tsim qauv (qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog hom octave, lub npe hu ua "kev sib haum xeeb").
Peb-xyoo pua. modal system, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau Greek, raws li lub ntsiab. cov qauv tsis muaj T., tab sis ntau cov qauv polyphonic - hom octave, guidon hexachord. Txawm li cas los xij, lub luag haujlwm ntawm T. tseem tseem ceeb heev hauv lawv. Yog li, tag nrho ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov qauv medieval cov ntaub ntawv T. DEFG (= defg nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub notation system); nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm hom octave, T. tseem yog lub ntsiab. qauv cell.
Guidon's hexachord yog kev sib txuas ntawm tag nrho peb lub dec. raws li lub sijhawm diatonic. T.
Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov nplai yam ntxwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab. nar. melodics, T. ntawm ib qho lossis lwm qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Hauv qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov suab paj nruag qub tshaj plaws, qhov ntsuas ntawm zaj nkauj tsuas yog txwv rau T. (saib Suab system). Cov qauv ntawm cov nplai niaj hnub, tsim los ntawm cov suab nrov-tone trichords nrog lub sijhawm thib plaub ntawm lub suab nyob hauv tib txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib sab trichords, qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tsis yog octave thiab tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li cov saw hlau-tone-semitone tetrachords (saib Perfect. system).
References: Janus S., Musici scriptores graeci, Lpz., 1895, reprografischer Nachdruck, Hildesheim, 1962; Musica enchiriadis, v kn.: Gerbert M., Scriptores ecclesiastici de musica sacra tshwj xeeb, t. 1, St. Blasien, 1784, reprogralischer Nachdruck, Hildesheim, 1963.
Yu. N. Kholopov
