Cistra: piav qhia ntawm qhov ntsuas, muaj pes tsawg leeg, siv hauv suab paj nruag

Cistra yog ib qho cuab yeej siv suab paj nruag thaum ub nrog cov hlua hlau, suav tias yog tus poj koob yawm txwv ntawm guitar. Nws zoo ib yam li niaj hnub mandolin thiab muaj 5 txog 12 cov hlua khi. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm nws cov fretboard nruab nrab ntawm cov frets uas nyob ib sab yog ib txwm ib tug semitone.

Cistra tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Western Europe: Ltalis, Fabkis, England. Cov cuab yeej plucked no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov nroog medieval ntawm 16th-18th centuries. Niaj hnub no nws tseem tuaj yeem pom hauv Spain.

Lub cev ntawm lub cistern zoo li "poob". Thaum xub thawj, nws tau tsim los ntawm ib daim ntoo, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov kws ua haujlwm tau pom tias nws yooj yim dua thiab siv tau yooj yim dua yog tias nws yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab suab - tenor, bass thiab lwm yam.

Qhov no yog ib hom lute-type instrument, tab sis tsis zoo li lub lute, nws yog pheej yig dua, me me thiab yooj yim kawm, yog li nws tau siv ntau dua tsis yog los ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj, tab sis los ntawm cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm. Nws cov hlua tau xaiv nrog lub pllectrum lossis ntiv tes, thiab lub suab yog "sib zog" dua li ntawm lub lute, uas muaj lub ci ci "kua dej" timbre, haum rau kev ntaus suab paj nruag loj.

Rau cistra, tsis tau sau cov qhab nia tag nrho, tab sis tablature. Thawj cov khoom sau rau cistra paub rau peb tau muab tso ua ke los ntawm Paolo Virchi nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th. Lawv tau txawv los ntawm kev nplua nuj polyphony thiab virtuoso melodic txav.