Yuav xaiv lub microphone li cas? Hom microphones

Microphones. Hom ntawm transducers.

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub microphone yog qhov khaws cia. Yeej, muaj ob hom kev hloov pauv hloov pauv: dynamic thiab capacitive.

Dynamic microphones muaj cov qauv yooj yim thiab tsis tas yuav muaj hluav taws xob sab nraud. Cias txuas lawv nrog ib tug cable XLR poj niam - XLR txiv neej los yog XLR poj niam - Jack 6, 3 hli mus rau lub teeb liab ntes ntaus ntawv xws li ib tug tov khoom, powermixer los yog suab interface. Lawv muaj zog heev. Lawv tiv taus lub suab siab zoo heev. Lawv yog cov zoo meej rau amplifying nrov nrov qhov chaw. Lawv cov yam ntxwv suab tuaj yeem hu ua sov.

Condenser microphones muaj ib tug complex qauv. Lawv xav tau lub zog hluav taws xob uas feem ntau muab los ntawm txoj kev siv hluav taws xob phantom (qhov feem ntau qhov hluav taws xob yog 48V). Txhawm rau siv lawv, koj xav tau XLR poj niam - XLR txiv neej cable ntsaws rau hauv lub qhov (socket) uas muaj Phantom fais fab txoj kev. Yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum muaj ib tug tov khoom, powermixer los yog lub interface uas muaj xws li lub Phantom. Niaj hnub no, cov thev naus laus zis no muaj ntau, txawm hais tias koj tseem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem hla cov khoom sib xyaw, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lub suab sib cuam tshuam yam tsis muaj nws. Condenser microphones yog rhiab heev rau lub suab, uas ua rau lawv nrov heev hauv studios. Lawv cov xim yog sib npaug thiab huv si. Lawv kuj muaj cov lus teb zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog cov rhiab heev uas cov neeg hu nkauj feem ntau xav tau cov ntxaij vab tshaus microphone rau lawv kom lub suab xws li "p" lossis "sh" tsis suab phem.

Qhov tseeb nthuav yog lub microphones tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ribbon transducer (ntau yam ntawm dynamic transducers). Hauv Polish hu ua ribbon. Lawv lub suab tuaj yeem piav tau yooj yim. Pom zoo rau cov neeg uas xav rov tsim cov yam ntxwv sonic ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qub ntawm txhua yam cuab yeej los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, nrog rau cov suab.

Microfony cardoidalne muaj raug coj mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia. Lawv khaws lub suab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj thaum cais lub suab nyob ib ncig ntawm koj. Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qhov chaw nrov nrov vim lawv muaj kev tawm tswv yim tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Supercardoid microphones Lawv kuj raug coj mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thiab cais cov suab nrov ntawm ib puag ncig zoo dua, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem khaws cov suab nrov tom qab los ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob ze, yog li thaum lub sij hawm concerts saib xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov neeg hais lus mloog. Lawv tiv taus cov lus tawm tswv yim heev.

Cardoid thiab supercardoid microphones hu ua unidirectional microphones.

Omni-directional microphonesRaws li lub npe qhia, lawv khaws cov suab los ntawm txhua qhov kev qhia. Vim lawv cov qauv, lawv muaj ntau dua rau kev tawm tswv yim. Nrog ib lub microphone zoo li no koj tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ntau pawg neeg hu nkauj, choristers lossis instrumentalists tib lub sijhawm.

Tseem tshuav ob-txoj kev microphones. Feem ntau yog microphones nrog ribbon transducers. Lawv khaws lub suab zoo ib yam los ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab sab nraub qaum, cais cov suab ntawm sab. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nrog rau ib lub microphone zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ob qhov chaw tib lub sijhawm, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem siv los nthuav ib qhov tsis muaj teeb meem.

Diaphragm loj

Keeb kwm, daim nyias nyias tau muab faib ua qhov loj thiab me, txawm hais tias tam sim no qhov nruab nrab tuaj yeem sib txawv. Cov diaphragms me me muaj kev tawm tsam zoo dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau cov zaus ntau dua, thaum cov diaphragms loj dua muab lub microphones ua suab nrov thiab sib npaug. Cov diaphragms nruab nrab muaj cov yam ntxwv nruab nrab.

Kev siv ntawm tus kheej hom

Tam sim no cia saib cov kev xav saum toj no hauv kev xyaum nrog cov piv txwv ntawm ntau lub suab nrov.

Vocalists siv ob qho tib si dynamic thiab condenser microphones. Cov dynamic sawv daws yuav nyiam nyob rau hauv ib tug nrov theem, thiab cov capacitive sawv daws yuav nyob rau hauv kev sib cais. Qhov no tsis yog hais tias condenser microphones tsis siv nyob rau hauv "nyob" xwm txheej. Txawm nyob rau ntawm gigs, cov tswv ntawm lub suab hloov maj mam yuav tsum xav txog condenser microphones. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj npaj siab yuav hu nkauj nrov heev rau hauv lub microphone, nco ntsoov tias lub microphones dynamic tuaj yeem tuav lub suab nrov zoo dua, uas kuj siv tau rau lub studio. Lub microphone ncaj qha rau cov suab feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj lossis choristers siv ib lub microphone ib zaug. Rau txhua lub suab, microphones nrog cov diaphragms loj yog feem ntau siv.

Hluav taws xob guitars xa cov teeb liab mus rau amplifiers. Thaum transistor amplifiers tsis xav tau cov ntim siab kom suab zoo, lub raj amplifiers yuav tsum tau "tso". Vim li no, mics dynamic feem ntau pom zoo rau hluav taws xob guitars, ob qho tib si rau lub studio thiab rau theem. Condenser microphones tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, lub zog tsis muaj zog lossis lub raj xa hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj xav tau lub suab nrov dua. Unidirectional microphones yog feem ntau siv. Qhov loj ntawm lub diaphragm nyob ntawm tus kheej sonic nyiam.

Bass guitars lawv kuj xa cov teeb liab mus rau amplifiers. Yog tias peb xav kom nthuav dav lawv nrog lub microphone, peb siv lub microphones nrog cov lus teb zaus uas tuaj yeem khaws cov suab nrov tsawg heev. Ib sab directivity yog nyiam. Kev xaiv ntawm lub condenser thiab lub microphone dynamic nyob ntawm seb lub suab nrov npaum li cas, piv txwv li lub suab bass thaj tsam, yog. Lawv feem ntau dynamic ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub studio thiab nyob rau theem. Ntxiv mus, ib tug loj diaphragm yog nyiam.

Cov khoom siv nruas lawv xav tau ob peb lub microphones rau lawv lub suab. Cias muab tso, txhais taw xav tau microphones nrog cov khoom zoo sib xws rau bass guitars, thiab snare nruas thiab toms zoo li hluav taws xob guitars, yog li dynamic microphones muaj ntau dua nyob rau ntawd. Qhov xwm txheej hloov nrog lub suab ntawm lub cymbals. Condenser microphones rov tsim cov suab ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub nruas kom meej meej, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau hihats thiab overheads. Vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv nruas, uas lub microphones tuaj yeem nyob ze ua ke, unidirectional microphones yog qhov zoo dua yog tias txhua qhov kev ntsuas percussion yog amplified cais. Omni-directional microphones tuaj yeem khaws ntau lub cuab yeej percussion ib zaug nrog kev ua tiav zoo, thaum pom tseeb dua qhov kev xav ntawm chav tsev uas cov nruas raug tso. Me me diaphragm microphones yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau rau hihats thiab overheads, thiab loj diaphragm percussion taw. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm snare thiab toms nws yog ib tug subjective teeb meem, nyob ntawm seb lub suab koj xav mus cuag.

Acoustic guitars feem ntau yog amplified los ntawm unidirectional condenser microphones, vim hais tias lub purity ntawm lub suab reproduction nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tseem ceeb heev. Lub suab siab tsawg dhau rau acoustic guitars ua teeb meem rau condenser microphones. Kev xaiv ntawm diaphragm loj yog npaj rau tus kheej sonic nyiam.

Cua tshuab yog amplified los ntawm dynamic lossis condenser microphones, ob qho tib si unidirectional. Feem ntau nws yog ib qho kev xaiv raws li cov kev xav uas cuam tshuam nrog lub suab sov dua lossis huv dua. Txawm li cas los xij, piv txwv li, trumpets tsis muaj muffler, teeb meem yuav tshwm sim nrog condenser microphones vim lub suab siab dhau lawm. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias omni-directional tej thaj chaw deb condenser microphones tuaj yeem nqa tau ob peb lub tshuab cua ib zaug, uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tooj dag bands, tab sis tsawg dua nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg nrog ib tug tooj dag seem. Lub suab tiav ntau dua rau cov cuab yeej cua yog muab los ntawm microphones nrog lub diaphragm loj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv lawv rooj plaub. Yog tias xav tau lub suab zoo dua, cov diaphragm me me tuaj yeem siv tas li.

Cov cuab yeej cuab tam feem ntau yog amplified nrog condenser microphones, vim hais tias cov xim sov ib txwm txuam nrog dynamic microphones yog inadvisable nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv. Ib txoj hlua ntsuas yog amplified siv lub microphone unidirectional. Ob peb txoj hlua tuaj yeem nthuav dav los ntawm kev muab ib lub microphone unidirectional rau txhua lub cuab yeej, lossis tag nrho siv ib qho omni-directional microphone. Yog tias koj xav tau kev tawm tsam sai dua, piv txwv li thaum ua si pizzicato, me me diaphragm microphones raug pom zoo, uas kuj muaj lub suab zoo dua. Rau lub suab zoo dua, microphones nrog lub diaphragm loj dua yog siv.

txoj kev npaj Vim nws cov qauv, nws yog feem ntau amplified los ntawm 2 condenser microphones. Nyob ntawm seb qhov txiaj ntsig peb xav ua kom tiav, unidirectional lossis omni-directional microphones tau siv. Feem ntau, cov hlua nyias nyias tau nthuav dav nrog lub microphone nrog lub diaphragm me, thiab cov tuab tuab nrog lub diaphragm loj dua, txawm hais tias 2 lub microphones nrog lub diaphragm loj tuaj yeem siv tau yog tias cov ntawv siab yuav tsum puv.

Summation

Kev xaiv lub microphone zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj xav kom ua tiav cov suab nrov lossis cov twj paj nruag thaum lub sijhawm hais lus lossis kaw lawv hauv tsev lossis hauv studio. Lub microphone uas tau xaiv tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau lub suab tsis zoo, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom phim nws rau lub suab nrov kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

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