Carl Czerny |

Carl Czerny

Czech los ntawm haiv neeg. Tub thiab tub kawm ntawm pianist thiab xib fwb Wenzel (Wenceslas) Czerny (1750-1832). Nws kawm piano nrog L. Beethoven (1800-03). Nws tau ua yeeb yam txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoo. Kev tsim ntawm Czerny ua tus ua yeeb yam tau cuam tshuam los ntawm IN Hummel, ua tus kws qhia - los ntawm M. Clementi. Nrog rau kev zam ntawm kev mus ncig ua si luv luv rau Leipzig (1836), Paris thiab London (1837), nrog rau kev mus ntsib Odessa (1846), nws ua haujlwm hauv Vienna. Czerny tsim ib lub tsev kawm piano loj tshaj plaws ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 1th. Ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog F. Liszt, S. Thalberg, T. Döhler, T. Kullak, T. Leshetitsky.

Nws tau sau ntau yam haujlwm rau ntau pawg neeg ua yeeb yam thiab ntau yam, suav nrog cov neeg dawb ceev (24 pawg, 4 requiems, 300 graduals, offertorias, thiab lwm yam), cov nkauj rau lub suab paj nruag, chamber instrumental ensembles, choirs, nkauj rau ib thiab ob peb. suab thiab suab paj nruag naj npawb rau kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub yog Czerny cov hauj lwm rau pianoforte; ib txhia ntawm lawv siv Czech pej xeem suab paj nruag ("Variations ntawm ib tug thawj Czech ntsiab" - "Variations sur un ntsiab lus thawj de Boheme"; "Czech pej xeem nkauj nrog variations" - "Böhmisches Volkslied mit Variationen"). Ntau yam ntawm Czerny cov haujlwm tseem nyob hauv cov ntawv sau (lawv tau muab khaws cia rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Lub Koom Haum ntawm Cov Phooj Ywg ntawm Suab paj nruag hauv Vienna).

Czerny qhov kev pab cuam rau cov lus qhia thiab kev qhia ntawv rau cov piano yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws muaj ntau yam etudes thiab kev tawm dag zog, los ntawm qhov nws tau sau cov ntawv sau, cov tsev kawm ntawv, suav nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj, tsom mus rau kev paub zoo ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua si piano thiab ua rau kom paub meej thiab ntxiv dag zog ntawm cov ntiv tes. Nws sau "Big Piano School" op. 500 muaj ntau cov lus qhia tseem ceeb thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov suab paj nruag qub thiab tshiab - “Die Kunst des Vortrags der dlteren und neueren Klavierkompositionen” (c. 1846).

Czerny muaj cov ntawv sau ntawm ntau lub piano ua haujlwm, suav nrog Kev Zoo-Tempered Clavier los ntawm JS Bach thiab sonatas ntawm D. Scarlatti, nrog rau cov ntawv sau piano ntawm operas, oratorios, symphonies thiab overtures rau 2-4 phau ntawv ua haujlwm thiab rau 8- phau ntawv rau 2 pianos. Ntau tshaj 1000 ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau luam tawm.

Cov ntawv nyeem: Terentyeva H., Karl Czerny thiab nws cov kev tshawb fawb, L., 1978.

Yog. I. Milshtein