Alexander Abramovich Chernov |

Alexander Chernov

Chernov yog Leningrad composer, musicologist, xib fwb thiab xib fwb. Nws cov yam ntxwv txawv yog ntau yam thiab dav ntawm kev txaus siab, mloog rau ntau yam suab paj nruag, siv zog rau cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub.

Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) yug lub Kaum Ib Hlis 7, 1917 hauv Petrograd. Nws pib sau nkauj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-30s, thaum nws nkag mus rau Musical College ntawm Leningrad Conservatory, tab sis nws tseem tsis tau xaiv suab paj nruag raws li nws txoj hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv 1939, Peng kawm tiav los ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Chemistry ntawm Leningrad University thiab pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb, thiab ob peb lub hlis tom qab ntawd nws raug sau tseg rau hauv cov tub rog. Nws tau siv rau xyoo ntawm kev ua tub rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Far East, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1945 nws raug demobilized thiab rov qab mus rau Leningrad. Xyoo 1950 Peng kawm tiav los ntawm Leningrad Conservatory (cov chav kawm ntawm M. Steinberg, B. Arapov thiab V. Voloshinov). Txij thaum ntawd los, Pan's varied suab paj nruas kev ua si pib, coj lub xeem Chernov raws li ib tug composer pseudonym nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm nws txiv yawg M. Chernov, ib tug naas ej Leningrad composer thiab xib fwb.

Chernov hais txog nws txoj hauj lwm rau ntau yam suab paj nruag, qhia meej meej tias nws tus kheej yog tus kws kho suab paj nruag, tus sau phau ntawv thiab cov ntawv hais txog suab paj nruag, ua tus kws qhia ntawv txawj ntse thiab tus kws qhia ntawv. Tus kws sau nkauj tau tig mus rau hom operetta ob zaug hauv xyoo 1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" thiab, ua ke nrog A. Petrov, "Peb Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm Nyob").

Txoj kev ua neej nyob ntawm AA Pan (Chernov) tau xaus rau lub Tsib Hlis 5, 1971. Ntxiv nrog rau cov lus hais, cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm muaj tswv yim tsim tshaj nees nkaum tsib xyoos suav nrog cov paj huam symphonic "Danko", opera "First Joys", a Lub suab voj voog raws li Prevert's paj huam, ballets "Icarus", "Gadfly", "Optimistic Tragedy" thiab "Nws tau txiav txim siab hauv lub zos" (ob kawg tau sau nrog G. Hunger), cov nkauj, cov ntawv rau ntau yam orchestra, suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, phau ntawv — “I. Dunayevsky", "Yuav ua li cas mloog suab paj nruag", tshooj nyob rau hauv phau ntawv nyeem "Suab paj nruag daim ntawv", "Ntawm suab paj nruag, jazz, zoo saj" (co-sau nrog Bialik), cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm thiab ntawv xov xwm, thiab lwm yam.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich

Andrey Petrov hais txog Alexander Chernov

Hauv thawj xyoo tom qab tsov rog, kuv kawm hauv Leningrad Musical College. NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Ntxiv nrog rau solfeggio thiab kev sib haum xeeb, kev xav thiab keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag, peb tau kawm cov ntsiab lus: ntawv nyeem, algebra, lus txawv teb chaws ...

Ib tug txiv neej hluas, ntxim nyiam heev tuaj qhia peb chav kawm physics. Glancing luag ntxhi rau peb - ​​yav tom ntej composers, violinists, pianists - nws tham fascinatingly txog Einstein, hais txog neutrons thiab protons, sai sai kos cov qauv ntawm lub blackboard thiab, tsis yog tiag tiag cia siab rau peb to taub, rau lub siab ntau dua ntawm nws cov lus piav qhia, funny sib xyaw lub cev lus. nrog cov suab paj nruag.

Tom qab ntawd kuv pom nws nyob rau theem ntawm lub Me Hall ntawm lub Conservatory, bowing nyob rau hauv txaj muag tom qab ua yeeb yam ntawm nws symphonic paj huam "Danko" - ib tug hluas nkauj romantic thiab lub siab lub ntsws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Thiab tom qab ntawd, zoo li txhua tus neeg nyob rau hnub ntawd, kuv tau ntxim nyiam los ntawm nws txoj kev hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev sib tham ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus tub ntxhais hluas suab paj nruag Soviet. Nws yog Alexander Chernov.

Thawj qhov kev xav txog nws, raws li ib tug neeg uas muaj ntau yam thiab ci ntsa iab tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau qhov chaw, yog tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej.

Muaj cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag uas tau mob siab rau lawv cov txuj ci, lawv txoj kev siv zog hauv ib qho kev ua si, ib hom kev muaj tswv yim, tsis tu ncua thiab tsis tu ncua tsim ib txheej ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag uas siv zog los ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab ntau hom, hauv txhua yam uas thaum kawg ua rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev coj noj coj ua suab paj nruag. Hom suab paj nruag thoob ntiaj teb no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm peb lub xyoo pua - lub xyoo pua ntawm kev qhib thiab ntse tawm tsam ntawm txoj haujlwm zoo nkauj, lub xyoo pua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim suab paj nruag thiab cov neeg mloog. Xws li ib tug composer tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug sau suab paj nruag, tab sis kuj yog ib tug propagandist, critic, lecturer, thiab ib tug xib fwb.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov lawv tau ua tuaj yeem nkag siab tsuas yog los ntawm kev ntsuas lawv txoj haujlwm tag nrho. Kev txawj ntse sau nyob rau hauv ntau yam suab paj nruag, ntse, fascinating phau ntawv, ci ntsa iab ua yeeb yam hauv xov tooj cua thiab TV, ntawm composer plenums thiab thoob ntiaj teb symposiums - qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm qhov uas ib tug yuav txiav txim seb dab tsi Alexander Chernov tswj ua nyob rau hauv nws luv luv lub neej raws li ib tug tshuab raj.

Niaj hnub no, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los sim txiav txim siab seb qhov twg nws tau ua ntau dua: hauv kev sau ntawv, sau ntawv xov xwm, lossis hauv suab paj nruag thiab kev kawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm qhov ncauj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj, zoo li cov nkauj ntawm Orpheus, tseem nyob hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg uas hnov ​​​​lawv. Niaj hnub no peb muaj ua ntej peb nws tej hauj lwm: ib tug opera, ballets, ib tug symphonic paj huam, lub suab voj voog, coj mus rau lub neej los ntawm Fedpn's dilogy thiab ib txwm niaj hnub lus dab neeg ntawm Icarus, Voynich's The Gadfly, Remarque's anti-fascist novels thiab Prevert's philosophical lyrics. Thiab ntawm no yog cov phau ntawv "Yuav ua li cas mloog suab paj nruag", "Nyob rau hauv lub teeb suab paj nruag, ntawm jazz, ntawm zoo saj", qhov tseem tsis tiav "Nyob rau hauv kev sib cav tswv yim txog niaj hnub music". Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov no, cov ntsiab lus kos duab, cov duab uas zoo siab tshaj plaws rau peb lub siab niaj hnub no, thiab cov teeb meem suab paj nruag thiab zoo nkauj uas niaj hnub nyob hauv peb lub siab, tau embodied. Chernov yog ib tug neeg ntaus suab paj nruag ntawm ib hom kev txawj ntse tshaj tawm. Qhov no manifested nws tus kheej ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nws suab paj nruas journalism, txawv los ntawm qhov tob thiab sharpness ntawm nws txoj kev xav, thiab nyob rau hauv nws composer txoj hauj lwm, qhov uas nws tas li tig mus rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo philosophical. Nws cov tswv yim thiab cov phiaj xwm yeej ib txwm zoo siab pom, tsis tas yuav nqa qhov tshiab thiab lub ntsiab lus tob. Nrog nws txoj kev xyaum muaj tswv yim, nws zoo li paub tseeb tias Pushkin cov lus hais tias lub tswv yim ua tiav yog ib nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Ob leeg hauv lub neej thiab hauv nws txoj haujlwm, kev cais tawm yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau tus kws ntaus nkauj no. Nws yog heev sociable thiab greedily mus cuag cov neeg. Nws niaj hnub ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lawv ib puag ncig thiab strove rau tej suab paj nruag thiab ib hom ntawv uas nws muaj peev xwm suav tau rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm tib neeg: nws tau sau ntau heev rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab xinesmas, qhia lectures, thiab koom nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev sib tham.

Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, kev sib tham, kev tsis sib haum xeeb, Chernov ntes tau hluav taws thiab tau nqa mus. Zoo li lub roj teeb, nws tau "them" los ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog cov thawj coj thiab cov kws sau paj huam, cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab cov neeg hu nkauj. Thiab tej zaum qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov tseeb tias ob peb zaug - hauv kev ntaus pob tesniv Icarus, hauv operetta Peb Cov Tub Kawm Ntawv Nyob, hauv phau ntawv On Light Music, On Jazz, On Good Taste - nws tau sau nrog nws cov phooj ywg.

Nws txaus siab rau txhua yam uas occupies thiab excites lub ntiaj teb kev txawj ntse ntawm cov txiv neej niaj hnub. Thiab tsis yog hauv suab paj nruag xwb. Nws tau paub txog qhov kev ua tiav tshiab hauv physics, muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (nws tus kheej tau ua ib qho zoo heev libretto rau nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam raws li cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm K. Fedin), thiab xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab niaj hnub no.

Chernov rhiab heev ua raws li qhov barometer ntawm peb lub neej ua suab paj nruag thiab hloov pauv tau. Nws ib txwm txhawj xeeb txog kev xav tau thiab kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas. Los ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntau haiv neeg suab paj nruas tshwm sim thiab tiam sis, nws sim siv thiab siv txhua yam uas nws xav, raws li ib tug Soviet suab paj nruag, tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyog rau nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg mloog. Nws tau sau quartet suab paj nruag thiab nkauj, xav txog jazz thiab cov lus dab neeg ntawm "bards", thiab hauv nws qhov qhab nia kawg - tus ntaus pob "Icarus" - nws siv qee cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem serial.

Alexander Chernov yog tib lub hnub nyoog li lub kaum hli ntuj, thiab lub xyoo ntawm tsim, lub siab tawv ntawm peb lub teb chaws yuav tsis tau tab sis cuam tshuam lub tsim ntawm nws pej xeem thiab suab paj nruas tsos. Nws thaum yau coincided nrog lub xyoo ntawm thawj tsib-xyoo kev npaj, nws cov hluas nrog tsov rog. Nws pib lub neej ywj pheej raws li tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag tsuas yog thaum ntxov 50s, thiab txhua yam uas nws tau ua, nws tau ua hauv ob xyoo lawm. Thiab tag nrho cov no yog cim los ntawm lub foob ntawm lub siab, txuj ci thiab muaj tswv yim mob siab rau. Hauv nws cov ntawv sau, Chernov yog feem ntau ntawm txhua tus kws sau nkauj. Nws cov suab paj nruag yog romantic heev, nws cov duab yog embossed thiab nthuav. Ntau ntawm nws cov ntawv sau tau npog nrog melancholy me ntsis - nws zoo li xav tias tsis muaj zog ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Nws tsis tau ua ntau. Nws xav txog ib tug symphony, xav sau lwm opera, ua npau suav ntawm ib tug symphonic paj huam rau Kurchatov.

Nws qhov kawg, nyuam qhuav pib muaj pes tsawg leeg yog romance ntawm nqe ntawm A. Blok.

… Thiab lub suab qab zib, thiab lub nqaj yog nyias, Thiab tsuas yog siab, ntawm lub qhov rooj muaj koob muaj npe, koom nrog hauv kev zais cia, tus me nyuam quaj tias tsis muaj leej twg yuav rov qab los.

Qhov kev sib hlub no yog los ua Alexander Chernov's swan song. Tab sis tsuas yog nqe vaj lug kub xwb… Lawv suab zoo li ib tug ci ntsa iab epitaph rau ib tug txawj ntse thiab txawj tshuab raj.