Timpani: piav qhia ntawm qhov ntsuas, muaj pes tsawg leeg, keeb kwm, suab, kev ua si

Timpani yog cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm qub, tab sis tsis tau poob lawv qhov cuam tshuam txog tam sim no: lawv lub suab tuaj yeem muaj ntau haiv neeg uas cov kws ntaus nkauj, los ntawm classics mus rau jazzmen, nquag siv cov qauv tsim, ua haujlwm ntawm ntau hom.

Dab tsi yog timpani

Timpani yog ib qho cuab yeej percussion uas muaj qee lub suab. Nws muaj ob peb lub tais (feem ntau yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 7), zoo li boilers nyob rau hauv cov duab. Cov khoom ntawm kev tsim khoom yog hlau (feem ntau - tooj liab, tsawg dua - nyiaj, aluminium). Ib feem tig mus rau lub tshuab raj (sab sauv), yas los yog npog nrog tawv, qee cov qauv yog nruab nrog lub qhov resonator hauv qab.

Lub suab yog muab rho tawm los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb sticks nrog ib tug puag ncig. Cov khoom siv los ntawm cov sticks yog tsim los cuam tshuam qhov siab, puv, thiab qhov tob ntawm lub suab.

Qhov ntau ntawm txhua yam uas twb muaj lawm ntawm timpani (loj, nruab nrab, me) yog kwv yees li sib npaug rau octave.

Ntaus ntawv

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ntsuas yog voluminous hlau rooj. Nws txoj kab uas hla, nyob ntawm tus qauv, ntau yam yog 30-80 cm. Lub cev me me, qhov siab dua lub suab timpani.

Ib qho tseem ceeb nthuav dav yog daim nyias nyias uas haum rau cov qauv los ntawm saum toj no. Nws yog tuav los ntawm ib tug hoop tsau nrog screws. Cov ntsia hlau tuaj yeem raug kaw nruj nreem los yog loosened - cov ntoo, qhov siab ntawm cov suab nrov yog nyob ntawm qhov no.

Cov duab ntawm lub cev kuj cuam tshuam rau lub suab: ib qho hemispherical ib qho ua rau lub suab nrov nrov, ib qho parabolic ua rau nws muffled.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv nrog lub hau ntsia hlau yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm hloov qhov chaw thaum lub sijhawm ua si.

Designs nruab nrog pedals yog ntau nrov. Lub tshuab tshwj xeeb tso cai rau koj los hloov qhov chaw nyob txhua lub sijhawm, thiab tseem muaj peev xwm ua suab nrov.

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv rau lub ntsiab tsim yog sticks. Nrog lawv, tus ntaus suab paj nruag hits daim nyias nyias, tau txais lub suab xav tau. Sticks yog ua los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, qhov kev xaiv uas cuam tshuam rau lub suab (cov kev xaiv feem ntau yog reed, hlau, ntoo).

Keeb kwm

Timpani yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv suab paj nruag qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, lawv keeb kwm pib ntev ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm peb lub sijhawm. Qee yam ntawm lub nruas zoo li lub nruas tau siv los ntawm cov neeg Greek thaum ub - lub suab nrov ua haujlwm los hem cov yeeb ncuab ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Mesopotamia muaj cov khoom siv zoo sib xws.

Tsov rog nruas tau mus xyuas Tebchaws Europe hauv xyoo pua XNUMX. Piv txwv li, lawv tau coj los ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj los ntawm crusader warriors. Thaum pib, kev xav paub tau siv rau kev ua tub rog: kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm timpani tswj cov kev ua ntawm cov tub rog.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX, cov cuab yeej saib yuav luag zoo ib yam li cov qauv niaj hnub. Nyob rau hauv lub XVII caug xyoo nws tau qhia rau lub orchestras ua classical tej hauj lwm. Cov kws sau nkauj nrov (J. Bach, R. Strauss, G. Berlioz, L. Beethoven) tau sau qhov chaw rau timpani.

Tom qab ntawd, qhov ntsuas tau tso tseg tsuas yog cov cuab yeej ntawm classics. Nws yog nrov ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj pop, siv los ntawm neo-folk jazz musicians.

Timpani kev ua si

Tus neeg ua yeeb yam tsuas yog qee qhov kev ua yuam kev ntawm Kev Ua Si:

• Ib leeg hits. Ib txoj hauv kev uas tso cai rau koj siv ib lossis ntau dua reels tib lub sijhawm. Los ntawm kev quab yuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam, qhov zaus ntawm kev kov lub membrane, lub suab paj nruag lover rho tawm suab ntawm txhua qhov siab, timbre, ntim.
• Tremolo. Piv txwv tias siv ib lossis ob lub timpani. Kev txais tos muaj nyob rau hauv kev rov ua dua sai ntawm ib lub suab, ob lub suab sib txawv, consonances.
• Glissando. Cov suab paj nruag zoo sib xws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag ntawm ib qho cuab yeej nruab nrog lub tshuab pedal. Nrog nws, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub suab mus rau suab.

Zoo tshaj timpani players

Ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj uas txawj ua si timpani, muaj cov neeg European feem ntau:

• Siegfried Fink, xib fwb, composer (Lub teb chaws Yelemees);
• Anatoly Ivanov, tus thawj coj, percussionist, xib fwb (Russia);
• James Blades, percussionist, sau phau ntawv ntawm percussion instruments (UK);
• Eduard Galoyan, tus kws qhia ntawv, tus kws kos duab ntawm symphony orchestra (USSR);
• Victor Grishin, composer, xib fwb, tus sau ntawm scientific tej hauj lwm (Russia).