Dutar: piav qhia ntawm qhov ntsuas, muaj pes tsawg leeg, suab, keeb kwm, siv

Cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2019 tau sib sau ua ke thawj zaug ntawm Thawj Lub Suab Nkauj Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Folk Storytellers hauv Uzbek lub nroog Termez. Folk musicians (bakhshi), singers, storytellers sib tw nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm oriental pej xeem epos, nrog lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub dutar.

Ntaus ntawv

Cov hlua plucked suab paj nruag dutar yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab nyiam los ntawm cov neeg ntawm Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan thiab Tajikistan. Nws yog analogous rau lub lute.

Ib tug nyias pear-puab soundboard muaj ib tug tuab ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 3 millimeters, hla mus rau hauv lub caj dab nrog ib tug ntiv tes. Cov cuab yeej ntev yog li 1150-1300 mm. Nws muaj 3-17 yuam txoj hlab ntsha thiab ob txoj hlua - txhob lo lo ntxhuav lossis plab hnyuv.

Soundboard - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuab yeej, yog ua los ntawm mulberry ntoo. Perceiving lub vibrations ntawm cov hlua, nws kis tau lawv mus rau cov huab cua resonator, ua lub suab ntev thiab tag nrho. Lub nyias nyias nyias ntawm dutar sib txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw uas tus kab mob silkworm loj hlob: nyob rau hauv roob, lub vaj los yog ze ntawm tus dej nag.

Lub suab ntawm cov cuab yeej niaj hnub no siab dua li cov qauv qub, vim yog hloov cov hlua ntuj nrog cov hlau, nylon lossis nylon threads. Txij li thaum nruab nrab-30s ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX, lub dutar tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Uzbek, Tajik thiab Turkmen orchestras ntawm pej xeem cov cuab yeej.

Keeb kwm

Ntawm cov archaeological pom ntawm lub ancient Persian nroog ntawm Mary, ib tug duab ntawm ib tug "wandering bakhshi" tau pom. Nws hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua XNUMX, thiab hauv ib phau ntawv qub muaj ib daim duab ntawm ib tug ntxhais ua si dutar.

Muaj cov ntaub ntawv me me, feem ntau lawv raug coj los ntawm cov lus dab neeg oriental - dastans, uas yog kev ua cov dab neeg ntawm fairy tales lossis heroic myths xwb. Cov xwm txheej nyob rau hauv lawv yog me ntsis exaggerated, cov cim zoo tagnrho.

Tsis yog ib hnub so lossis kev ua koob tsheej tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj bakhshi, nws hu nkauj thiab lub suab romantic ntawm dutar.

Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, bakhshis tsis tau tsuas yog ua yeeb yam, tab sis kuj soothsayers thiab kho. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias tus virtuoso txuj ci ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam yog txuam nrog nws immersion nyob rau hauv ib tug trance.

siv

Ua tsaug rau nws lub suab zoo, dutar nyob hauv ib qho ntawm thawj qhov chaw ntawm kev hwm hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg ntawm Central Asia. Lub repertoire yog varied - los ntawm me me txhua hnub plays mus rau loj dastans. Nws yog siv raws li ib tug solo, ensemble thiab hu nkauj accompaniment instrument. Nws yog ua si los ntawm ob tus kws tshaj lij thiab amateur tshuab raj. Ntxiv mus, ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam raug tso cai ua si.