Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Austrian musicologist thiab composer. Kws kho mob ntawm Philosophy (1908). Nws kawm hauv Vienna nrog G. Adler (musicology) thiab K. Fryuling (piano, kev sib haum xeeb) hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nrog rau A. Schoenberg (counterpoint, composition).

Xyoo 1911-15 nws tau qhia keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag ntawm New Conservatory, los ntawm 1913 - ntawm University of Vienna (xov xwm txij li xyoo 1929).

Tom qab kev ntes ntawm Austria los ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, los ntawm 1938 nws nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv. Nws tau ua haujlwm pedagogical thiab scientific hauv Royal College of Music hauv London, ntawm Cambridge, Oxford (nws coj kev tshawb fawb ntawm Byzantine suab paj nruag), Edinburgh Universities, thiab tseem ntawm Princeton University (USA).

Welles yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb loj tshaj plaws ntawm Byzantine suab paj nruag; tus tsim ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Byzantine Music ntawm Vienna National Library (1932), tau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Byzantine Research Institute hauv Dumbarton Oaks (USA).

Ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm lub monumental tsab "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), ntau ntim uas nws npaj nws tus kheej. Ib txhij nrog G. Tilyard, nws deciphered lub Byzantine cim ntawm lub thiaj li hu. "Lub sijhawm nruab nrab" thiab nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Byzantine hu nkauj, yog li txhais tau hais tias ib theem tshiab hauv suab paj nruag Byzantology.

Koom tes ua tus sau thiab tus editor rau The New Oxford History of Music; tau sau ib tsab ntawv hais txog A. Schoenberg, luam tawm cov ntawv thiab cov ntawv qhia txog lub tsev kawm ntawv Viennese tshiab.

Raws li tus kws sau nkauj, nws tau tsim los ntawm G. Mahler thiab Schoenberg. Sau Ua yeeb yam thiab ballets, feem ntau ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm Greek kev xwm txheej thaum ub, uas tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1920. nyob rau hauv theaters ntawm ntau lub nroog German; Ntawm lawv yog "Princess Girnar" (1921), "Alcestis" (1924), "Lub Sacrifice of a Captive" ("Opferung der Gefangenen", 1926), "Joke, Cunning and Revenge" ("Scherz, List und Rache"). , los ntawm JW Goethe, 1928) thiab lwm yam; pov pob - "Lub Miracle ntawm Diana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles on Skyros" (1927), thiab lwm yam.

Welles - tus sau 5 symphonies (1945-58) thiab symphonic paj huam – “Pre-Spring” (“Vorfrühling”, 1912), “Solemn March” (1929), “Spells of Prospero” (“Prosperos Beschwörungen”, raws li “The Tempest” los ntawm Shakespeare, 1938), cantata nrog orchestra, suav nrog “Middle of Life” (“Mitte des Lebens”, 1932); rau hu nkauj thiab orchestra – ib lub voj voog ntawm cov lus ntawm Rilke “Kev Thov Vajtswv ntawm Cov Ntxhais rau Niam ntawm Vajtswv” (“Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria”, 1909), concerto rau piano nrog orchestra (1935), 8 cev qurt thiab lwm yam chamber instrumental tej hauj lwm, pawg hu nkauj, masses, motets, songs.

Cov khoom xyaw: Pib ntawm Lub Suab paj nruag Baroque thiab pib ntawm Opera hauv Vienna, W., 1922; Byzantine Church Music, Breslau, 1927; Eastern ntsiab nyob rau hauv Western chant, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Ib tug keeb kwm ntawm Byzantine suab paj nruag thiab hymnography, Oxf., 1949, 1961; Lub Suab Nkauj ntawm Lub Koom Txoos Byzantine, Cologne, 1959; The New Instrummentation, Vols. 1-2, V., 1928-29; Essay on Opera, L., 1950; Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Schönberg lub kaum ob lub suab, Ntxuav., 1958; Lub Hymns ntawm lub Koom Txoos Eastern, Basel, 1962.

References: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. Keldysh