Suab |

Lub suab suab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab paj nruag zoo. suab. Lub tswvyim ntawm V. z. txuam nrog kev hloov ntawm spatial sawv cev rau suab paj nruag. V. h. tsim ib daim ntawv ntawm tib neeg kev nkag siab ntawm kev vibration zaus ntawm lub suab lub cev thiab yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm nws - qhov ntau zaus, lub suab siab dua, thiab vice versa. V.'s perception h. nyob ntawm physiological nta ntawm lub cev ntawm lub pob ntseg. Rau qhov kev nkag siab meej ntawm lub suab, lub suab yuav tsum muaj qhov sib haum xeeb lossis ib qho spectrum ze rau nws (overtones yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub npe hu ua natural scale) thiab tsawg kawg ntawm lub suab nrov overtones; thaum tsis muaj kev sib haum xeeb (hauv lub suab ntawm xylophone, tswb, thiab lwm yam) lossis nrog lub suab nrov (nruas, tam-tam, thiab lwm yam) V. z. ua kom pom tseeb tsawg lossis tsis pom txhua. Lub suab yuav tsum ntev txaus - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab sau npe, piv txwv li, tsis luv tshaj 0,015 vib nas this. Los ntawm V.'s perception h. lub suab nrov, muaj lossis tsis muaj vibrato, kev tawm tsam ntawm lub suab (ib hom kev hloov pauv hauv lub suab pib), thiab lwm yam tseem cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag Psychologists nco ntsoov ob yam ntawm lub suab-qhov siab qhov kev nkag siab: ntu, cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib piv ntawm zaus ntawm lub suab, thiab timbre, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hnov ​​​​lus ntawm kev hloov xim ntawm lub suab - kev pom kev thaum nce thiab tsaus ntuj thaum txo qis. Lub sijhawm tivthaiv tau pom nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 16 Hz (C2) txog 4000-4500 Hz (kwv yees li c5 - d5), cov khoom siv timbre - los ntawm 16 Hz txog 18-000 Hz. Tshaj qhov qis tshaj yog thaj tsam ntawm infrasounds, qhov twg tib neeg pob ntseg tsis pom oscillatory txav raws li suab txhua. Lub rhiab heev ntawm kev hnov ​​​​mob rau cov kev hloov me me hauv V. z., tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov chaw pib rau qhov txawv ntawm V. z., yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov me me - 19rd octave; Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv loj, lub suab rhiab heev txo. Raws li peculiarities ntawm kev xaav ntawm V. h. Muaj ntau hom kev hnov ​​suab nrov (saib. Suab paj nruag lub rooj sib hais): absolute (xws li tonal), txheeb ze, los yog luv, thiab intonation. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tau pom owls. suab paj nruag acoustics NA Garbuzov, suab hnov ​​suab muaj ib cheeb tsam xwm (saib Zone).

Hauv suab paj nruag V. kev xyaum h. nws yog qhia los ntawm cov suab paj nruag, cov tsiaj ntawv thiab cov cim (saib cov tsiaj ntawv suab paj nruag), nyob rau hauv acoustics nws yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv hertz (tus naj npawb ntawm vibrations ib ob); raws li qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm ntsuas V. z. ib xees (pua pua ntawm tempered semitone) yog siv.

References: Garbuzov HA, Zonal xwm ntawm acoustic hnov, M.-L., 1948; Suab paj nruag acoustics, Uch. nyiaj nyob rau hauv ed. NA Garbuzova, M., 1954. Saib kuj lit. ntawm st. Acoustics yog suab paj nruag.

EV Nazaikinsky