Piano yuam sij thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntawv rau lawv

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 88 tus yuam sij ntawm lub piano keyboard, ntawm cov uas 52 yog dawb, cov seem 36 yog dub. Cov yawm sij dawb tau teeb tsa tag nrho hauv ib kab yam tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab cov yuam sij dub tau teeb tsa hauv pawg ntawm ob lossis peb. Saib daim duab:

Ntawm cov yuam sij dawb, xya ntawm tib daim ntawv tau rov ua ntu zus: UA LI MI FA SOL LA SI. Txhua qhov kev rov qab los ntawm ib daim ntawv C mus rau C daim ntawv tom ntej yog hu ua OCTAVE. Ib daim ntawv DO yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm ib pab pawg ntawm ob lub yuam sij dub, uas yog, rau sab laug ntawm lawv, zoo li "hauv toj". Tom ntej no mus rau tus yuam sij DO ntawm lub piano yog tus yuam sij PE, thiab lwm yam, tag nrho cov yuam sij piano raug teeb tsa. Wb saib daim duab:

Yog li ntawm no yog qhov peb pom:

• Daim ntawv DO yog ib txwm nyob rau sab laug ntawm ob tus yuam sij dub.
• Daim ntawv PE nyob rau ntawm lub piano ntawm ob lub yuam sij dub.
• Daim ntawv MI yog nyob rau sab xis ntawm ib pawg ntawm ob lub yuam sij dub.
• Daim ntawv F yog rau sab laug ntawm pab pawg ntawm peb tus yuam sij dub.
• Cov ntawv G thiab A yog nyob rau hauv ib pawg ntawm peb tus yuam sij dub.
• Daim ntawv SI nyob ib sab ntawm daim ntawv DO thiab nyob rau sab xis ntawm pab pawg ntawm peb tus yuam sij dub.

Dab tsi yog octaves ntawm piano?

Peb twb tau hais saum toj no tias txhua qhov kev rov ua dua ntawm tag nrho xya lub suab hu ua octave. Lub octave system tuaj yeem muab piv rau ntau lub tsev. Tib cov kauj ruam ntawm tus ntaiv suab paj nruag (DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI) rov ua dua txhua zaus ntawm qhov siab tshiab, zoo li hauv pem teb ntawm tus ntaiv yog maj mam nce.

Octaves muaj lawv tus kheej lub npe, lawv yooj yim heev. Lub suab nruab nrab thiab siab yog nyob rau hauv octaves, uas yog hu ua: FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, FOURTH thiab FIFTH. Thawj octave feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsuas, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntau. Qhov thib ob, thib peb, plaub octaves yog siab dua, uas yog, ntawm sab xis nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau thawj octave. Qhov thib tsib octave yog suav tias yog tsis tiav, vim tias tsuas muaj ib lub suab hauv nws - tsuas yog ib daim ntawv DO yam tsis muaj txuas ntxiv.

Lawv hais txog cov ntawv sau uas muaj nyob rau hauv txawv octaves: mus txog rau thawj octave, mus txog rau lub thib ob octave, mus txog rau lub thib peb octave, thiab lwm yam., ntsev ntawm thawj octave, ntsev ntawm lub thib peb octave, ntsev ntawm lub plaub octave, thiab lwm yam. .

Tsawg, suab bass thaj tsam nyob sab laug ntawm lub piano keyboard. Lawv tau teem rau hauv octaves, uas yog hu ua: ME, LOJ, CONTROCTAVES, SUBCONTROCTAVE. Lub octave me me yog ze rau thawj zaug, tam sim ntawd mus rau sab laug ntawm nws. Hauv qab no, uas yog, rau sab laug, ntawm lub piano - cov yawm sij ntawm lub octave loj, ces - lub counteroctaves. Lub subcontroctave tsis tiav, nws muaj ob lub yuam sij dawb - la thiab si.

Cov yuam sij dub yog dab tsi?

Peb xam pom me ntsis nrog cov yuam sij dawb ntawm lub piano - lawv muaj cov ntawv tseem ceeb DO RE MI FA SOL LA thiab SI hauv ntau qhov sib txawv. Thiab yog li cas, yog cov yuam sij dub ntawm lub piano rau? Puas yog rau kev taw qhia? Nws hloov tawm tsis. Qhov tseeb yog tias hauv suab paj nruag muaj cov ntawv sau yooj yim (cov kauj ruam), muaj xya ntawm lawv, thiab ntxiv rau lawv muaj cov kauj ruam derivative, uas tau txais los ntawm kev nce lossis txo qis hauv cov txheej txheem. Kev nce qib yog qhia los ntawm lo lus SHARP, thiab qhov txo qis yog qhia los ntawm lo lus FLAT.

Hauv cov ntawv sau suab paj nruag, cov cim tshwj xeeb yog siv los xaiv cov ntse thiab flats. Ib qho ntse hauv cov qauv yog ib lub lattice me me (ib yam li lub lattice li ntawm koj lub xov tooj keyboard), uas tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim ntawv. Lub tiaj tus (los ntawm Fabkis - mos "be") zoo ib yam li Lavxias teb sab lus mos, tsuas yog taw qhia rau hauv qab lossis Latin tsab ntawv b, qhov kos npe no, zoo li tus ntse, muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim ntawv (ua ntej).

TSEEM CEEB! Nthuav thiab tiaj tus nce lossis qis dua, uas yog, hloov daim ntawv los ntawm SEMITOONE. Semitone - puas yog ntau lossis tsawg? Lub semitone ntawm lub piano keyboard yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob deb ntawm ob tus yuam sij. Ntawd yog, yog tias koj ua si txhua tus yuam sij ntawm lub piano ua ke, yam tsis muaj hla dawb thiab dub, ces yuav muaj qhov sib nrug deb ntawm ob tus yuam sij uas nyob ib sab.

Thiab yog tias peb yuav tsum ua si qee yam ntse, ces peb tsuas yog siv lub ntsiab lus siab dua, uas yog, tsis yog ib txwm dawb DO, RE lossis MI, tab sis tus dub tom qab nws (lossis dawb, hauv rooj plaub thaum muaj. tsis muaj dub nyob ze). Cia peb saib qee qhov piv txwv:

Nws thiaj li tshwm sim hais tias ob daim ntawv - mi-sharp thiab c-sharp coincide nrog rau lwm cov yuam sij. MI SHARP yog tib yam li tus yuam sij FA, thiab C SHARP yog tib yam li C yuam sij. Rau cov ntse no, tsis muaj cov yuam sij dub cais, yog li cov yuam sij dawb nyob sib ze " cawm" lawv. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi yuav xav tsis thoob, hauv suab paj nruag feem ntau tshwm sim. Cov cuab yeej nthuav no, thaum lub suab zoo ib yam, tab sis raug hu ua txawv, muaj lub npe ENHARMONISM (ENHARMONIC EQUALITY).

Yog hais tias peb yuav tsum coj ib co tiaj tus ntawm lub piano, ces ntawm qhov tsis tooj, peb yuav tsum ua si ib tug tseem ceeb ib tug semitone qis, uas yog, rau sab laug, tus yuam sij uas los ua ntej lub ntsiab. Thiab ntawm no, ib yam nkaus, yuav muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug: F-FLAT coincides nrog tus yuam sij MI, thiab C-FLAT nrog tus yuam sij SI. Cia peb pom tam sim no tag nrho lwm cov flats:

Yog li, cov yuam sij dub ntawm lub piano keyboard ua qhov kev nthuav dav ob npaug: rau qee cov ntawv lawv yog cov ntse, thiab rau lwm tus lawv yog flats. Yog tias koj tau kawm cov lus qhia niaj hnub no zoo, ces koj tuaj yeem yooj yim sau npe cov kev sib tw tseem ceeb no. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm nrog menyuam yaus, nco ntsoov nug nws txog nws kom qhov kev xav hauv nws lub taub hau zoo dua tso. Los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias koj yuav kawm sau nkauj nrog koj tus menyuam, peb muaj cov lus qhia zoo los pab koj - Yuav ua li cas kawm suab paj nruag nrog tus menyuam? Zoo siab txais tos rau nplooj ntawv no!

Nyob zoo cov phooj ywg! Kab lus no puas pab tau koj li cas? Cov lus nug dab tsi uas koj tau tso tseg tsis daws? Dab tsi ntxiv koj xav paub los ntawm peb txog lub ntiaj teb suab paj nruag? Sau koj cov kev xav thiab kev xav hauv cov lus. Tsis muaj ib yam ntawm koj cov lus yuav mus unnoticed.