Tso cai |
kev daws teeb meem - voltage poob thaum lub sij hawm hloov ntawm dissonance mus rau consonance, los ntawm harmonic. functional instability (D, S) mus rau stability (T), los ntawm ib tug tsis-chord suab mus rau ib tug chord, raws li zoo raws li xws li ib tug hloov nws tus kheej. Kev ua tiav ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev nruj thiab kev tso tawm ntawm qhov nro yog lub cev thiab lub hlwb pom tau tias yog kev nyem uas ua rau muaj kev txaus siab, thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov mus rau qhov zoo nkauj dua, kom txaus siab. Li no tus aesthetic tus nqi ntawm R. thiab coj aesthetic. kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub suab-ntsuas thiab suab-R. (lawv kuj tau khaws cia nrog lawv cov sib txawv interweaving). Nruam nthwv dej zoo li qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov nro thiab R. zoo ib yam li kev ua pa ntawm lub cev muaj sia, systole thiab diastole. R. tau txiav txim siab. cov tswv yim hais lus (piv txwv li, kev txav ntawm lub suab pib nce mus rau hauv thawj tonic, lub suab tsis yog chord rau hauv ib qho chord uas nyob ib sab). Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no belongs rau kev txav mus rau ib ob (loj thiab me), vim. nws zoo kawg nkaus "eras cov kab" ntawm lub suab dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim kev sib haum xeeb R. thiab kev xav tsis yog theem nrab yog ua tau (PI Tchaikovsky, "Francesca da Rimini", cov kab kawg). Hais txog R., tab sis tsis zoo ib yam rau nws, coloristic. tshem tawm ntawm quasi-dominant nro (Des7> – Des) nyob rau hauv F. Chopin lub nocturne b-moll op. 9 Tsis muaj 3. R. qhia lub tswv yim ntawm kev tso cai consonance thiab kev cia siab ntawm nws. Nws yog feem ntau raug rau cov suab paj nruag ntawm lub loj-me system (nws tsim tau pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, nws dominance yog nyob rau hauv lub 17th-19th centuries; ntau ntawm nws ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th). Peb-xyoo pua. monody R. raws li lub sij hawm formative yog neeg txawv teb chaws (nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov teebmeem ntawm nro thiab tawm yog zam nyob rau hauv nws, yam uas R. yog unattainable). Hauv polyphony, qeb ntawm R. raug kho raws li cov txheej txheem rau subordinating dissonance rau consonance. Lawv cov polarization, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov polarization ntawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab tsis ruaj khov, tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm R. thiab nws qhov kev xav tsis zoo (txawm tias F. Couperin hu ua tus txheej txheem ntawm R. lo lus "se sauver", lus - kom tau txais kev cawmdim).
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm pawg "nruj" - "kev daws teeb meem" tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov nplai loj dua (piv txwv li, mus rau qhov nruab nrab tsis ruaj khov lossis kev txhim kho thiab rov ua dua "kev daws" nws qhov nro); Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nyhuv R. tau txais lub ntsiab lus dav dua, cuam tshuam rau kev tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm romanticism (thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th), cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm atherosclerosis tsim (tshwj xeeb, tsis tiav R., thiab R., raws li ib sab ntawm harmonic nro; piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Chopin's mazurka nyob rau hauv C-dur. op.24 Tsis muaj 2 nthuav qhia qhov kev daws teeb meem yog ua los ntawm kev sib piv tag nrho peb triads: T, D thiab S, thaum lawv khub - T thiab D, T thiab S - tsis txiav txim siab nws). Nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th tus tshiab manifested nws tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm lub polarity ntawm dissonance thiab consonance, es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug ntau theem gradation ntawm dissonance tau tsim (theoretically, nyob rau hauv A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith; nyob rau tom kawg, "harmonisches Gefälle" - "kev sib haum xeeb nyem"). Ua tsaug rau txoj kev nyuaj (dissonant) tonics, nws tau los ua kom daws tau qhov tsis sib haum xeeb muaj zog rau hauv qhov tsis sib haum xeeb thiab hloov qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog ntau theem kev hloov pauv los ntawm qhov muaj zog tshaj tawm mus rau qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws, nrog rau lead, piv txwv li, lub suab tonic. prima rau hauv chord loj thib xya (raws li ib txwm gravitation, saib - SS Prokofiev, Fleeting, No 14, tuav 24-25), sab hauv daws cov tonic. consonance (Prokofiev, Sarcasms, Tsis muaj 3, lub xeem tuav).
References: Rohwer J., Das “Ablösungsprinzip” in der abendländischen Musik…, “Zeitschrift für Musiktheorie”, 1976, H. 1. Saib kuj lit. nyob rau hauv cov ntawv Harmony, Dissonance, Dominant, Lad, Subdominant.
Yu. N. Kholopov
