Nikolay Semenovych Golovanov (Nikolay Golovanov) |

Nikolay Golovanov

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau exaggerate lub luag hauj lwm ntawm no zoo kawg li tshuab raj nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet coj kab lis kev cai. Rau ntau tshaj li plaub caug xyoo, Golovanov cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua hauj lwm txuas ntxiv, tawm hauv lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub opera theem thiab nyob rau hauv lub concert lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws. Nws coj cov kev cai nyob ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas Soviet ua yeeb yam.

Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, Golovanov tau txais ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo nyob rau hauv Moscow Synodal School (1900-1909), qhov uas nws tau txais kev cob qhia los ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj nto moo V. Orlov thiab A. Kastalsky. Nyob rau hauv 1914 nws kawm tiav nrog honors los ntawm Moscow Conservatory nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm M. Ippolitov-Ivanov thiab S. Vasilenko. Tsis ntev los no, tus thawj coj hluas tau pib ua haujlwm muaj tswv yim zoo ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Nyob rau hauv 1919, Golovanov ua nws debut ntawm no - nyob rau hauv nws cov kev taw qhia Rimsky-Korsakov lub opera The Tale ntawm Tsar Saltan tau staged.

Golovanov cov kev ua ub no yog khaus thiab multifaceted. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub kiv puag ncig, nws txaus siab koom tes nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm lub opera studio ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre (tom qab lub Stanislavsky Opera tsev), nrog AV Nezhdanova nyob rau hauv nws ncig xyuas ntawm Western Europe (1922-1923), sau suab paj nruag (nws. sau ob lub operas, symphony, ntau romances thiab lwm yam hauj lwm), qhia opera thiab orchestral chav kawm ntawm Moscow Conservatory (1925-1929). Txij li thaum xyoo 1937, Golovanov tau coj All-Union Radio Grand Symphony Orchestra, uas, nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj coj, tau dhau los ua ib pawg suab paj nruag zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws.

Tau ntau xyoo, Golovanov qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj ua yeeb yam yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Soviet Union. N. Anosov tau sau tias: "Thaum koj xav txog cov duab muaj tswv yim ntawm Nikolai Semenovich Golovanov, nws lub teb chaws zoo li lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub teb chaws Lavxias teb sab chaw ntawm creativity permeates Golovanov kev ua, ua thiab sau cov dej num.

Tseeb tiag, tus neeg xyuas pib pom nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tshaj tawm thoob plaws Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm nws symphony yav tsaus ntuj, lub npe ntawm Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov, Scriabin, Glazunov, Rachmaninov feem ntau pom. Tig mus rau tej hauj lwm ntawm Soviet suab paj nruag, nws saib ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov rau successive nta nyob rau hauv relation mus Lavxias teb sab classics; Nws tsis yog coincidence tias Golovanov yog thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Tsib, Rau, Nees nkaum-ob Symphonies thiab N. Myaskovsky's "Greeting Overture".

Lub ntsiab lag luam ntawm Golovanov lub neej yog suab paj nruag ua yeeb yam. Thiab ntawm no nws cov xim yuav luag tsuas yog tsom mus rau Lavxias teb sab opera classics. Bolshoi Theatre staged txog nees nkaum thawj-chav ua yeeb yam raws li nws cov lus qhia. Tus neeg saib xyuas lub repertoire tau adorned nrog Ruslan thiab Lyudmila, Eugene Onegin, Poj huab tais ntawm Spades, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Sorochinskaya Ncaj Ncees, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Igor, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Tsar Saltan, Sadko, Tsar's Bride, May Hmo Ntuj, Hmo Ua Ntej Christmas, Golden Cockerel, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Invisible City ntawm Kitezh thiab Maiden Fevronia - nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, yuav luag tag nrho cov operas zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers.

Golovanov xav tsis thoob tias muaj kev xav thiab paub qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm theem opera. Kev tsim ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus theatrical tau yooj yim los ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm nrog A. Nezhdanova, F. Chaliapin, P. Sobinov. Raws li contemporaries, Golovanov ib txwm nquag delved rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm theatrical lub neej, mus txog rau lub installation ntawm scenery. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab opera, nws yog feem ntau attracted los ntawm lub monumental Scope, scale ntawm lub tswv yim, thiab kev xav siv zog. Sib sib zog nqus versed nyob rau hauv lub suab tshwj xeeb, nws muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm fruitfully nrog cov neeg hu nkauj, tsis nkees nrhiav artistic qhia los ntawm lawv. M. Maksakova nco qab tias: “Lub hwj chim uas muaj hwj chim tiag tiag tawm ntawm nws. Nws lub xub ntiag tsuas yog qee zaum txaus kom hnov ​​​​cov suab paj nruag hauv txoj hauv kev tshiab, kom nkag siab qee qhov kev zais yav dhau los. Thaum Golovanov sawv tom qab lub console, nws txhais tes tsim lub suab nrog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, tsis tso cai rau nws mus "kis". Nws txoj kev xav rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog thiab kev sib tw ua rau qee zaum ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Tab sis ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, tus neeg xyuas pib ua tiav qhov kev xav zoo nkauj. "

Golovanov ua hauj lwm nrog lub orchestra tsis tu ncua thiab lub hom phiaj. Cov dab neeg hais txog Golovanov lub "ruthlessness" ntawm lub orchestra yuav luag ib tug dab neeg. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog qhov kev xav tsis thoob ntawm tus kws kos duab, nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus ntaus suab paj nruag. Golovanov tau sau tseg tias "Lawv hais tias tus neeg saib xyuas yuam kom lub siab nyiam ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam, ua rau nws tus kheej," Golovanov sau tseg. - Qhov no yog qhov tseeb thiab tsim nyog, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv tsim nyog. Hauv kev ua tiav ntawm ib qho tag nrho, yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev xav. Qhov no yuav, tag nrho nws lub siab, tag nrho nws lub zog Golovanov muab rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek