Nikolai Yakovlevich Afanasiev |

Nicolai Afanasiev

Nws kawm suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm nws txiv, violinist Yakov Ivanovich Afanasiev. Nyob rau hauv 1838-41 violinist ntawm Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. Nyob rau hauv 1841-46 bandmaster ntawm lub serf ua yeeb yam ntawm tus tswv av II Shepelev nyob rau hauv Vyksa. Nyob rau hauv 1851-58 violinist ntawm Petersburg Italian Opera. Xyoo 1853-83 nws yog ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm Smolny Institute (piano class). Txij li thaum 1846 nws tau muab ntau concerts (nyob rau hauv 1857 - nyob rau hauv Western Europe).

Ib tug loj tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab violinists, ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv romantic. Tus sau ntawm ntau yam hauj lwm, ntawm cov uas sawv tawm ntawm txoj hlua quartet "Volga" (1860, RMO nqi zog, 1861), raws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov nkauj ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub Volga cheeb tsam. Nws cov hlua quartets thiab quintets yog cov piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias chamber suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ua ntej lub chamber compositions ntawm AP Borodin thiab PI Tchaikovsky.

Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm, Afanasiev dav siv cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem (piv txwv li, Jewish Quartet, piano quintet Reminiscence ntawm ltalis, Tatar seev cev nrog ib tug hu nkauj los ntawm lub Opera Ammalat-Bek). Nws cantata "Lub Koobtsheej ntawm Peter lub Great" tau nrov (RMO nqi zog, 1860).

Feem ntau ntawm Afanasiev cov ntaub ntawv (4 operas, 6 symphonies, oratorio, 9 violin concertos, thiab ntau lwm tus) tseem nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau (lawv tau muab khaws cia hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv suab paj nruag ntawm Leningrad Conservatory).

Kwv tij Afanasiev - Alexander Yakovlevich Afanasiev (1827 - tuag tsis paub) - cellist thiab pianist. Nyob rau hauv 1851-71 nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi (txij li thaum 1860 Mariinsky) Theatre nyob rau hauv St. Koom nrog nws tus tij laug txoj kev mus ncig ua si raws li tus neeg koom nrog.

Cov khoom xyaw:

operas – Ammalat-Bek (1870, Mariinsky Theatre, St. Petersburg), Stenka Razin, Vakula the Blacksmith, Taras Bulba, Kalevig; concert rau vlc. nrog orc. (clavier, ed. 1949); chamber-instr. ensembles - 4 quintets, 12 txoj hlua. quartets; rau fp. - sonata (Expanse), Sat. plays (Album, Children's World, thiab lwm yam); rau skr. thiab fp. - sonata A-dur (reissue 1952), daim, nrog rau Peb Daim (reissue 1950); suite rau viol d'amour thiab piano; romances, 33 Slavic nkauj (1877), cov me nyuam zaj nkauj (14 phau ntawv sau, luam tawm xyoo 1876); Cov nkauj hu nkauj, suav nrog 115 zaj nkauj hu nkauj rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas (8 phau ntawv sau), 50 cov menyuam yaus ua si nrog cov nkauj hu nkauj (a cappella), 64 cov nkauj Lavxias teb sab (tshaj tawm xyoo 1875); fp. tsev kawm ntawv (1875); Kev tawm dag zog txhua hnub rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug tes rau ib lub violin.

Literary tej hauj lwm: Memoirs of N. Ya. Afanasiev, "Historical Bulletin", 1890, vol. 41, 42, Aug.

References: Ulybyshev A., Lavxias teb sab violinist N. Ya. Afanasiev, "Sev. bee”, 1850, nr 253; (C. Cui), Suab paj nruag. “Volga”, G. Afanasyev's quartet, “SPB Vedomosti”, 1871, Kaum Ib Hlis 19, No. 319; Z., Nikolai Yakovlevich Afanasiev. Obituary, “RMG”, 1898, No 7, kem. 659–61; Yampolsky I., Lavxias teb sab violin art, (vol.) 1, M.-L., 1951, ch. 17; Raaben L., Instrumental ensemble in Russian music, M., 1961, p. 152–55, 221–24; Shelkov N., Nikolai Afanasiev (Tsis nco qab lub npe), “MF”, 1962, No 10.

IM Yampolsky