Tub rog tooj dag band: kev sib tw ntawm kev sib haum xeeb thiab lub zog

Tau ntau pua xyoo, cov tub rog tooj dag tau tsim ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej, kev ua koob tsheej ntawm lub tebchaws tseem ceeb thiab ntau lwm yam xwm txheej. Cov suab paj nruag ua los ntawm xws li ib lub orchestra tuaj yeem ua rau txhua tus neeg muaj kev lom zem nrog nws qhov tshwj xeeb ceremonial solemnity.

Ib tug tub rog tooj dag band yog ib lub suab paj nruag ntawm ib pawg tub rog, ib pab pawg neeg ua yeeb yam ntaus suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag. Lub orchestra lub repertoire suav nrog, ntawm chav kawm, cov suab paj nruag tub rog, tab sis tsis yog xwb: thaum ua los ntawm xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg, lyrical waltzes, nkauj, thiab txawm jazz suab zoo! Lub suab paj nruag no ua tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv parades, ceremonies, tub rog rituals, thiab thaum lub sij hawm xyaum xyaum tub rog, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv concerts thiab feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau npaj txhij txog xwm txheej (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib lub tiaj ua si).

Los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog tooj dag band

Thawj cov tub rog tooj dag tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm medieval. Nyob rau hauv Russia, tub rog suab paj nruag occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw. Nws cov keeb kwm nplua nuj hnub rov qab mus rau 1547, thaum, los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Tsar Ivan the Terrible, thawj lub tsev hais plaub tub rog tooj dag tau tshwm sim hauv Russia.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe, cov tub rog tooj dag tau nce mus txog qhov kawg ntawm Napoleon, tab sis txawm tias Bonaparte nws tus kheej tau lees paub tias nws muaj ob tus yeeb ncuab Lavxias - Frost thiab Lavxias tub rog suab paj nruag. Cov lus no ib zaug ua pov thawj tias Lavxias teb sab tub rog suab paj nruag yog ib qho tshwm sim tshwj xeeb.

Peter kuv muaj kev hlub tshwj xeeb rau cov twj paj nruag cua. Nws hais kom cov kws qhia ntawv zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees los qhia cov tub rog yuav ua li cas ntaus twj paj nruag.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 70th, Russia twb muaj ntau ntawm cov tub rog tooj dag bands, thiab nyob rau hauv Soviet txoj cai lawv pib tsim txawm ntau active. Lawv tau nrov tshwj xeeb hauv XNUMXs. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lub repertoire nthuav dav pom, thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem tau luam tawm.

Kev Tso Lus

Tub rog tooj dag bands ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov khoom tsis txaus ntawm cov suab paj nruag. Txij li thaum lub sij hawm lub composers tsis sau suab paj nruag rau cua ensembles, lawv yuav tsum tau ua transcriptions ntawm symphonic tej hauj lwm.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 1909, suab paj nruag rau tooj dag tau sau los ntawm G. Berlioz, A. Schoenberg, A. Roussel thiab lwm tus neeg sau. Thiab nyob rau xyoo pua XNUMX, ntau tus kws sau nkauj tau pib sau suab paj nruag rau cua tshuab. Hauv XNUMX, tus kws sau ntawv Askiv Gustav Holst tau sau thawj txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau cov tub rog tooj dag.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tub rog niaj hnub tooj dag band

Cov tub rog tooj dag tuaj yeem tsuas yog cov twj siv tooj dag thiab cov twj paj nruag (ces lawv hu ua homogeneous), tab sis lawv tuaj yeem suav nrog woodwinds (ces lawv hu ua sib xyaw). Thawj version ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tam sim no tsis tshua muaj neeg; qhov thib ob version ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov twj paj nruag yog ntau ntau.

Feem ntau muaj peb hom kev sib xyaw tooj dag: me, nruab nrab thiab loj. Ib lub orchestra me me muaj 20 tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag, thaum qhov nruab nrab yog 30, thiab lub suab paj nruag loj muaj 42 lossis ntau dua.

Woodwind instruments nyob rau hauv lub orchestra muaj xws li flutes, oboes (tshwj tsis yog alto), txhua hom clarinets, saxophones thiab bassoons.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwj xeeb tsw ntawm lub orchestra yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv tooj dag xws li trumpets, tubas, horns, trombones, altos, tenor trumpets thiab baritones. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias altos thiab tenors (ntau yam ntawm saxhorns), nrog rau baritones (ntau hom tuba) pom tshwj xeeb hauv cov tooj dag, uas yog, cov twj paj nruag no tsis siv hauv symphony orchestras.

Tsis muaj cov tub rog tooj dag tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej sib tsoo xws li cov nruas me thiab loj, timpani, cymbals, daim duab peb sab, tambourine thiab tambourine.

Ua ib pab tub rog yog kev hwm tshwj xeeb

Ib tug tub rog orchestra, zoo li lwm yam, yog tswj los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Kuv xav ua kom pom tseeb tias qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm orchestra tuaj yeem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov kev ua yeeb yam tshwm sim hauv lub tiaj ua si, tus neeg saib xyuas yuav siv qhov chaw ib txwm muaj - tig mus rau lub suab paj nruag thiab nrog nws nraub qaum rau cov neeg tuaj saib. Tab sis yog hais tias lub orchestra ua nyob rau hauv lub parade, ces tus neeg xyuas pib taug kev ua ntej ntawm orchestra cov tswv cuab thiab tuav hauv nws txhais tes ib tug cwj pwm uas tsim nyog rau txhua tus tub rog conductor - tambour ncej. Tus neeg saib xyuas uas coj cov kws ntaus nkauj hauv kev ua yeeb yam hu ua lub nruas loj.