Mikhail Yuryevich Vielgorsky |
Mikhail Vielgorsky
M. Vielgorsky yog ib tug niaj hnub ntawm M. Glinka, ib tug zoo heev suab paj nruas daim duab thiab composer ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX. Cov xwm txheej loj tshaj plaws hauv lub neej suab paj nruag ntawm Russia yog txuam nrog nws lub npe.
Vielgorsky yog tus tub ntawm Polish tus sawv cev rau lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Catherine II, uas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev pab cuam muaj qib ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm tiag tiag. Twb tau nyob rau hauv thaum yau, nws qhia tau hais tias zoo suab paj nruag muaj peev xwm: nws ua si lub violin zoo, sim sau. Vielgorsky tau txais ntau yam kev kawm suab paj nruag, nws kawm suab paj nruag txoj kev xav thiab kev sib haum xeeb nrog V. Martin-i-Soler, muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog Taubert. Nyob rau hauv tsev neeg Vielgorsky, suab paj nruag tau revered nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Rov qab rau xyoo 1804, thaum tag nrho tsev neeg nyob hauv Riga, Vielgorsky tau koom nrog hauv tsev quartet yav tsaus ntuj: thawj qhov violin tau ua si los ntawm nws txiv, viola los ntawm Mikhail Yuryevich, thiab cello ib feem los ntawm nws tus tij laug, Matvey Yuryevich Vielgorsky, ua yeeb yam zoo heev. tshuab raj. Tsis txwv rau qhov kev paub dhau los, Vielgorsky txuas ntxiv nws cov kev tshawb fawb hauv kev sib xyaw hauv Paris nrog L. Cherubini, tus kws sau ntawv zoo thiab tus kws tshawb fawb.
Muaj kev txaus siab rau txhua yam tshiab, Vielgorsky ntsib L. Beethoven hauv Vienna thiab yog thawj yim tus neeg mloog ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm "Pastoral" symphony. Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej nws tseem yog ib tus neeg nyiam nyiam ntawm German composer. Peru Mikhail Yuryevich Vielgorsky yog tus tswv opera "Gypsies" ntawm ib zajlus hais txog cov xwm txheej ntawm Patriotic War ntawm 1812 (libre. V. Zhukovsky thiab V. Sologub), nws yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj nyob rau hauv Russia los ua tus loj sonata-symphonic foams. , sau 2 symphonies (Thawj yog ua nyob rau hauv 1825 nyob rau hauv Moscow), hlua quartet, ob overtures. Nws kuj tsim Variations rau cello thiab orchestra, tej daim rau pianoforte, romances, suab ensembles, raws li zoo raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm choral compositions. Vielgorsky's romances tau nrov heev. Ib qho ntawm nws txoj kev sib hlub tau txaus siab ua los ntawm Glinka. "Los ntawm lwm tus neeg lub suab paj nruag, nws tau hu ib yam nkaus xwb - kev hlub ntawm suav Mikhail Yuryevich Vielgorsky "Kuv Hlub": tab sis nws tau hu nkauj no ntxim nyiam nrog tib lub siab nyiam, nrog rau tib lub siab nyiam nyiam tshaj plaws hauv nws txoj kev sib hlub," A . Serov nco qab.
Txhua qhov chaw Vielgorsky nyob, nws lub tsev ib txwm dhau los ua ib qho chaw suab paj nruag. Muaj tseeb connoisseurs ntawm cov suab paj nruag tau sib sau ua ke ntawm no, ntau cov nkauj tau ua thawj zaug. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Vielgorsky F. Liszt thawj zaug ua si los ntawm pom (raws li cov qhab nia) "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila" los ntawm Glinka. Tus kws sau paj lug D. Venevitinov hu ua Vielgorsky lub tsev "lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm suab paj nruag saj", G. Berlioz, uas tuaj rau Russia, "lub tuam tsev me me ntawm kev ua yeeb yam", Serov - "qhov chaw nyob zoo tshaj plaws rau tag nrho cov suab paj nruag nrov ntawm peb lub sijhawm. ”
Nyob rau hauv 1813, Vielgorsky nyiag sib yuav Louise Karlovna Biron, tus poj niam ntawm kev hwm ntawm Empress Maria. Los ntawm qhov no, nws coj kev txaj muag rau nws tus kheej thiab raug yuam kom tawm mus rau nws thaj av Luizino hauv Kursk xeev. Nws nyob ntawm no, deb ntawm lub neej ntawm lub peev, uas Vielgorsky tswj kom nyiam ntau tus kws ntaus nkauj. Hauv 20s. 7 ntawm Beethoven's symphonies tau ua rau nws thaj av. Nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj "symphony thiab 'fashionable' overture tau ua, cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nyiam koom nrog ... Mikhail Yuryevich Vielgorsky kuj tau ua tus hu nkauj, ua yeeb yam tsis yog nws txoj kev hlub, tab sis kuj yog opera arias los ntawm Western classics." Vielgorsky txaus siab rau Glinka lub suab paj nruag. Lub opera "Ivan Susanin" nws suav hais tias yog ib tug masterpiece. Hais txog Ruslan thiab Lyudmila, nws tsis pom zoo nrog Glinka hauv txhua yam. Tshwj xeeb, nws npau taws tias tsuas yog ib feem ntawm tenor nyob rau hauv lub opera tau muab rau ib puas xyoo tus txiv neej. Vielgorsky tau txhawb nqa ntau qhov kev vam meej hauv tebchaws Russia. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1838, ua ke nrog Zhukovsky, nws tau teem ib tug rho npe, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tus kws sau paj lug T. Shevchenko los ntawm serfdom.
L. Kozhevnikova
