Arthur Honegger |
Arthur Honegger: XNUMX Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Honegger yog ib tug zoo tswv, ib tug ntawm ob peb niaj hnub composers uas muaj lub siab ntawm majestic. E. Jourdan-Morange
Tus kws sau ntawv Fab Kis zoo tshaj A. Honegger yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj lij ntawm peb lub sijhawm. Tag nrho lub neej ntawm no ntau yam tshuab raj thiab cov neeg xav tau yog ib qho kev pabcuam rau nws cov duab kos. Nws muab nws lub peev xwm thiab muaj zog ntau yam rau nws rau yuav luag 40 xyoo. Qhov pib ntawm tus kws sau ntawv cov hauj lwm hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1952, cov haujlwm kawg tau sau rau xyoo 53-150. Peru Honegger muaj ntau dua XNUMX cov ntawv sau, nrog rau ntau cov ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam teeb meem kub hnyiab ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag tam sim no.
Ib haiv neeg ntawm Le Havre, Honegger tau siv sijhawm ntau ntawm nws cov hluas hauv Switzerland, lub tebchaws ntawm nws niam nws txiv. Nws kawm suab paj nruag los ntawm thaum yau, tab sis tsis yog systematically, txawm nyob rau hauv Zurich los yog nyob rau hauv Le Havre. Nyob rau hauv siab ncaj, nws pib kawm muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 18 xyoo ntawm lub Paris Conservatory nrog A. Gedalzh (M. Ravel tus xib fwb). Ntawm no, yav tom ntej tus kws sau nkauj tau ntsib D. Milhaud, uas, raws li Honegger, muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau nws, tau pab tsim nws txoj kev nyiam thiab kev nyiam ntawm cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub no.
Txoj kev muaj tswv yim ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yog qhov nyuaj. Thaum ntxov 20s. nws tau nkag mus rau hauv pab pawg muaj tswv yim ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj, uas cov neeg thuam hu ua "Fabkis Rau" (raws li nws cov tswv cuab). Honegger nyob hauv lub zej zog no tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xav thiab kev ua yeeb yam tsis sib haum xeeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Nws tau them ib qho khoom plig tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho hauv nws lub suab paj nruag Pacific 231 (1923). Nws thawj qhov kev ua tau zoo tau nrog kev ua tiav zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau txais lub koob meej nrov ntawm cov neeg nyiam ntawm txhua yam khoom tshiab. Honegger sau tias "Kuv thawj zaug hu ua daim Symphonic Movement," Honegger sau. "Tab sis ... thaum kuv ua tiav cov qhab nia, kuv tau muab nws lub npe Pacific 231. Xws li yog lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas yuav tsum ua cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav" ... Rugby” thiab hauv “Symphonic Movement No. 3”.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog "Six", tus kws sau ntawv yeej ib txwm muaj qhov txawv ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xav, uas nws thiaj li txiav txim siab txoj hauv kev loj hlob ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Twb tau nyob rau nruab nrab-20s. Honegger pib tsim nws cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws, ua tib neeg thiab kev ywj pheej. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog lub oratorio "King David". Nws qhib ib txoj hlua ntev ntawm nws lub suab nrov thiab suab paj nruag frescoes "Hu rau lub Ntiaj Teb", "Judith", "Antigone", "Joan of Arc ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg", "Dance of the Dead". Nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm no, Honegger ntawm nws tus kheej thiab tus kheej refracts ntau yam tiam sis nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm nws lub sij hawm, sib zog ua kom embody lub siab ncaj ncees lub tswv yim uas yog tus nqi nyob mus ib txhis universal. Yog li ntawd qhov kev thov rau cov ntsiab lus ancient, biblical thiab medieval.
Honegger cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws tau dhau los ntawm cov theem loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, ua rau cov neeg nyiam mloog nrog lub siab lub ntsws thiab lub siab tshiab ntawm cov lus suab paj nruag. Tus kws sau ntawv nws tus kheej nquag ua haujlwm ua tus thawj coj ntawm nws cov haujlwm hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas. Nyob rau hauv 1928 nws mus xyuas Leningrad. Ntawm no, kev sib raug zoo thiab muaj tswv yim tau tsim los ntawm Honegger thiab Soviet musicians, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog D. Shostakovich.
Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, Honegger tab tom nrhiav tsis yog rau cov phiaj xwm tshiab thiab ib hom ntawv xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg mloog tshiab. "Lub suab paj nruag yuav tsum hloov cov pej xeem thiab thov rau cov pej xeem," tus kws sau ntawv tau sib cav. "Tab sis rau qhov no, nws yuav tsum hloov nws tus cwj pwm, ua qhov yooj yim, tsis yooj yim thiab ntau yam. Cov neeg tsis txaus siab rau kev sau cov txheej txheem thiab kev tshawb nrhiav. Nov yog hom suab paj nruag uas kuv tau sim muab rau hauv "Jeanne ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg". Kuv sim nkag mus rau qhov nruab nrab mloog thiab nthuav rau tus kws ntaus nkauj. "
Tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev xav ywj pheej pom tau hais tawm hauv nws txoj haujlwm hauv cov suab paj nruag thiab siv hom. Nws sau ntau rau xinesmas, xov tooj cua, ua yeeb yam. Los ua xyoo 1935 ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Fab Kis Cov Neeg Suab Nkauj, Honegger, nrog rau lwm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag, tau koom nrog cov qib ntawm kev tawm tsam fascist Nrov Pem Hauv Ntej. Lub sijhawm xyoo no, nws tau sau cov nkauj loj, ua kom hloov pauv ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj, koom nrog cov suab paj nruag ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv cov style ntawm kev ua koob tsheej loj ntawm Great French Revolution. Kev tsim nyog txuas ntxiv ntawm Honegger txoj haujlwm yog nws txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tragic ntawm lub fascist txoj hauj lwm ntawm Fabkis. Ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub zog tawm tsam, nws mam li tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm lub siab nyiam cov ntsiab lus. Cov no yog Thib Ob Symphony, Nkauj ntawm Liberation thiab suab paj nruag rau xov tooj cua qhia Beats of the World. Nrog rau lub suab thiab oratorio creativity, nws 5 symphonies kuj yog rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Qhov kawg ntawm lawv tau sau nyob rau hauv qhov kev xav ncaj qha ntawm cov xwm txheej tragic ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Qhia txog cov teeb meem kub hnyiab ntawm peb lub sijhawm, lawv tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov suab paj nruag ntawm xyoo pua XNUMX.
Honegger qhia nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim tsis yog hauv kev tsim suab paj nruag nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv kev sau ntawv: nws tau sau 3 phau ntawv suab paj nruag thiab ntawv tsis tseeb. Nrog rau ntau yam ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub composer cov cuab yeej cuab tam tseem ceeb, cov teeb meem ntawm cov suab paj nruag tam sim no thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv zej zog nyob hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, tus composer tau txais kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb, yog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm University of Zurich, thiab tau coj ntau lub koom haum suab paj nruag thoob ntiaj teb.
I. Vetlitsyna
Cov khoom xyaw:
Ua yeeb yam – Judith (biblical drama, 1925, 2nd ed., 1936), Antigone (lyric tragedy, lib. J. Cocteau after Sophocles, 1927, tr “De la Monnaie”, Brussels), Eaglet (L'aiglon, koom tes nrog G. Iber, raws li kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm E. Rostand, 1935, teem rau xyoo 1937, Monte Carlo), pov pob - Qhov tseeb yog kev dag (Vèritè – mensonge, puppet ballet, 1920, Paris), Skating-Ring (Skating-Rink, Swedish roller ballet, 1921, post. 1922, Champs Elysees Theatre, Paris), Fantasy (Phantasie, ballet- sketch , 1922), Hauv Dej (Sous-marine, 1924, post. 1925, Opera Comic, Paris), Hlau Rose (Rose de mètal, 1928, Paris), Cupid thiab Psyche's Wedding (Les noces d 'Amour et Psychè, ntawm Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "Fabkis Suites" los ntawm Bach, 1930, Paris), Semiramide (ballet-melodrama, 1931, post. 1933, Grand Opera, Paris), Icarus (1935, Paris), The White Bird Has Flew (Un oiseau blanc s' est envolè, for an aviation festival, 1937, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris), Zaj Nkauj (Le cantique des cantiques, 1938, Grand Opera, Paris), Hnub Yug Xim (La naissance des couleurs, 1940, ibid.), Hu rau Toj Siab (L'appel de la montagne, 1943, post. 1945, ibid.), Shota Rustaveli (ua ke nrog A. Tcherepnin, T. Harshanyi, 1945, Monte Carlo), Txiv neej nyob rau hauv ib tug tsov txaij Daim tawv nqaij (L'homme a la peau de lèopard, 1946); ua operetta - Txoj Kev Lom Zem ntawm Vaj Ntxwv Pozol (Les aventures du roi Pausole, 1930, tr “Buff-Parisien”, Paris), Kev zoo nkauj los ntawm Moudon (La belle de Moudon, 1931, tr “Jora”, Mézières), Baby Cardinal (Les petites Cardinal , nrog J. Hibert, 1937, Bouffe-Parisien, Paris); theem oratorios - Vaj Ntxwv David (Le roi David, raws li kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm R. Moraks, 1st ed - Symphonic psalm, 1921, tr “Zhora”, Mezieres; 2nd edition – dramatic oratorio, 1923; 3rd edition – opera -oratorio, 1924, Paris ), Amphion (melodrama, 1929, post. 1931, Grand Opera, Paris), oratorio Cries of Peace (Cris du monde, 1931), ua yeeb yam oratorio Joan of Arc ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (Jeanne d' Arc au bucher, ntawv los ntawm P. Claudel, 1935, Spanish 1938, Basel), oratorio Dance of the Dead (La danse des morts, text by Claudel, 1938), ua yeeb yam lus dab neeg Nicolas de Flue (1939, post. 1941, Neuchâtel), Christmas Cantata (Une cantate de Noel , hauv liturgical thiab pej xeem cov ntawv, 1953); rau orchestra - 5 symphonies (thawj, 1930; thib ob, 1941; Liturgical, Liturgique, 1946; Basel pleasures, Deliciae Basilienses, 1946, symphony ntawm peb res, Di tre re, 1950), Prelude rau zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Aglavena" (Aglavena) thiab Seleneter. pour “Aglavaine et Sèlysette”, 1917), Zaj Nkauj ntawm Nigamon (Le chant de Nigamon, 1917), Lus dab neeg ntawm kev ua si ntawm lub ntiaj teb (Le dit des jeux du monde, 1918), Suite Summer Pastoral (Pastorale d'ètè , 1920), Mimic Symphony Horace- winner (Horace victorieux, 1921), Song of Joy (Chant de joie, 1923), Prelude to Shakespeare's The Tempest (Prèlude pour “La tempete”, 1923), Pacific 231 (Pacific 231) ), Rugby (Rugby, 1923), Symphonic zog No 1928 (Mouvement symphonique No3, 3), Suite los ntawm suab paj nruag rau zaj duab xis "Les Misérables" ("Les misèrables", 1933), Nocturne (1934), Serenade Angélique (Sèrénade Angélique) ncuav Angèlique, 1936), Suite archaique (Suite archaique, 1945), Monopartita (Monopartita, 1951); concerts nrog orchestra - concertino rau piano (1924), rau Volch. (1929), chamber concerto for flute, Lus Askiv. horn thiab hlua. orc. (1948); chamber instrumental ensembles - 2 sonatas rau Skr. thiab fp. (1918, 1919), sonata rau viola thiab piano. (1920), sonata rau vlc. thiab fp. (1920), sonatina rau 2 Skr. (1920), sonatina rau clarinet thiab piano. (1922), sonatina rau Skr. thiab VC. (1932), 3 ib. quartet (1917, 1935, 1937), Rhapsody rau 2 flutes, clarinet thiab piano. (1917), Anthem rau 10 txoj hlua (1920), 3 counterpoints rau piccolo, oboe, skr. thiab VC. (1922), Prelude thiab Blues rau harp quartet (1925); rau piano - Scherzo, Humoresque, Adagio expressivo (1910), Toccata thiab Variations (1916), 3 daim (Prelude, Dedication to Ravel, Hommage a Ravel, Dance, 1919), 7 daim (1920), Sarabande los ntawm album "Six" ( 1920), Swiss Notebook (Cahier Romand, 1923), Dedication to Roussel (Hommage a A. Rousell, 1928), Suite (for 2 fp., 1928), Prelude, arioso thiab fughetta ntawm BACH ntsiab (1932), Partita ( rau 2 fp., 1940), 2 sketches (1943), Memories of Chopin (Souvenir de Chopm, 1947); rau solo violin - Sonata (1940); rau lub cev - fugue thiab chorale (1917), rau flute - Dance ntawm tshis (Danse de la chevre, 1919); romances thiab nkauj, suav nrog rau tom ntej G. Apollinaire, P. Verlaine, F. Jammes, J. Cocteau, P. Claudel, J. Laforgue, R. Ronsard, A. Fontaine, A. Chobanian, P. Faure thiab lwm tus; suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam – Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Kev Ua Si ntawm Ntiaj Teb (P. Meralya, 1918), Dance of Death (C. Larronda, 1919), Newlyweds ntawm Eiffel Ntauwd (Cocteau, 1921), Saul (A. Zhida, 1922), Antigone ( Sophocles – Cocteau, 1922), Lilyuli (R. Rolland, 1923), Phaedra (G. D'Annunzio, 1926), Lub Xya Hli 14 (R. Rolland; ua ke nrog lwm tus kws sau ntawv, 1936), Silk slipper (Claudel, 1943), Karl the Bold (R Morax, 1944), Prometheus (Aeschylus – A. Bonnard, 1944), Hamlet (Shakespeare – Gide, 1946), Oedipus (Sophocles – A. Ob leeg, 1947), State of Siege (A. Camus, 1948). ), Kev hlub tsis yog lawv tso dag (A. Musset, 1951), Oedipus tus Vaj Ntxwv (Sophcles – T. Molniera, 1952); nkauj rau xov tooj cua – 12 strokes thaum ib tag hmo (Les 12 coups de minuit, C. Larronda, radiomystery for choir and orc., 1933), Radio panorama (1935), Christopher Columbus (V. Age, radio oratorio, 1940), Beatings of the world ( Battements du monde, Age, 1944), The Golden Head (Tete d'or, Claudel, 1948), St. Francis of Assisi (Age, 1949), Kev Theej Txhoj ntawm François Villon (J. Bruire, 1951); nkauj rau cov yeeb yaj kiab (35), suav nrog "Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Cai thiab Kev rau txim" (raws li FM Dostoevsky), "Les Misérables" (raws li V. Hugo), "Pygmalion" (raws li B. Shaw), "Abduction" (raws li Sh. F. Ramyu), "Captain Fracas" (raws li T. Gauthier), "Napoleon", "Flight over the Atlantic".
Literary tej hauj lwm: Incantation aux fossiles, Lausanne (1948); Je suis compositeur, (P., 1951) (Russian translation – I am a composer, L., 1963); Nachklang. Schriften, Cov duab. Documente, Z., (1957).
References: Shneerson GM, Fabkis suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, M., 1964, 1970; Yarustovsky B., Symphony txog kev ua tsov ua rog thiab kev thaj yeeb, M., 1966; Rappoport L., Arthur Honegger, L., 1967; nws, Tej yam ntxwv ntawm A. Honegger's Harmony, nyob rau hauv Sat: Teeb meem ntawm hom, M., 1972; Drumeva K., Dramatic oratorio los ntawm A. Honegger “Joan of Arc ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg”, nyob rau hauv sau: Los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm txawv teb chaws suab paj nruag, M., 1971; Sysoeva E., Qee cov lus nug ntawm A. Honegger's symphonism, nyob rau hauv sau: Los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm txawv teb chaws suab paj nruag, M., 1971; nws tus kheej, A. Onegger's Symphonies, M., 1975; Pavchinsky S, Symphonic tej hauj lwm ntawm A. Onegger, M., 1972; George A., A. Honegger, P., 1926; Gerard C, A. Honegger, (Brux., 1945); Bruyr J., Honegger et son oeuvre, P., (1947); Delannoy M., Honegger, P., (1953); Tappolet W., A. Honegger, Z., (1954), id. (Neucntel, 1957); Jourdan-Morhange H., Mes amis musiciens, P., 1955 Guilbert J., A. Honegger, P., (1966); Dumesnil R., Histoire de la musique, t. 1959- La première moitiè du XX-e sícle, P., 5 (Russian translation of fragments – Dumesnil R., Modern French composers of the Six group, ed. and introductory article M. Druskina, L., 1960); Peschotte J., A. Honegger. L'homme et son oeuvre, P., 1964.
