Lus Qhuab Qhia |
Taw qhia lub suab nrov - lub suab tsis ruaj tsis khov ntawm hom, nyob ib qho thib ob qis lossis siab dua thawj kauj ruam thiab gravitating ntawm nws. Lub suab ntawm qib xya, raws li nyob ib sab ntawm thawj qib los ntawm hauv qab no, hu ua qis V. t .; suab ntawm theem ob - feem, lub sab sauv ib. V. t. muaj lub suab nrov tshaj plaws. inclination rau lub ntsiab suab ntawm hom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog V. t., spaced los ntawm nws los ntawm ib tug me me thib ob down (nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso thiab harmonic loj thiab harmonic me me, qhov no yog lub suab ntawm lub VII degree - lat. subsemitonium modi, German Leitton, Fab Kis sau ntawv sensible – “sensitive note”, English leading note). Lower V. t. yog qhov thib peb chord ntawm 13th degree thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm "introductory tone" feem ntau txhais tau tias tshwj xeeb. lub sharpness ntawm ob peb-thib ob, ib nrab-tone gravity. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas thiab exacerbation ntawm lub peev xwm "introductory tone" tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib qho melodic. kev hloov pauv, tsim, raws li nws tau, dag chromatic. V. t. Ib tug ntawm cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm loj thiab me, nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm V. t. txuas nrog, yog nws txoj kev daws teeb meem. Asafiev hu ua V. t. lub "kev qhia" ntawm Europe. ntxhov siab. Lub maturation ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm cov loj thiab me nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. prof. suab paj nruag tau nthuav tawm, tshwj xeeb, hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm V. t. suab paj nruag kauj ruam. scale (thawj nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub transposition ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua lub tsev teev ntuj hom - musica ficta, 16-15 centuries). yam ntxwv melodic. thiab harmonic. Cov kiv puag ncig nrog V. t., entrenched nyob rau hauv lub 16-17 centuries. nyob rau hauv cadences, nrog rau kev tsim ntawm dominance ntawm lub loj-me system nyob rau hauv lub 19-XNUMX centuries. pib siv sab nraum lub cadence. Kev hloov ntawm ib qho qis V. t. nrog nws cov kev daws teeb meem rau lwm tus hauv classical. ladoharmonic. feem ntau yog xa mus rau cov cim qhia ntawm kev hloov pauv lossis kev sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm romanticism, muaj ib tug tsub zuj zuj ntawm intratonal input suab ntawm alteration keeb kwm. E. Kurt tau qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm "paub pawg neeg dawb" (freie Leittoneinstellung raws li X. Erpf) los qhia txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob peb. hais tias yog V.t. nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau kev daws teeb meem chord (piv txwv li, des-f-as-h-dis-fis rau C-dur tonic, "nyob ib sab" suab hauv Lavxias teb sab lus los ntawm IV Sposobina).
Yu. N. Kholopov
