Ildebrando Pizzetti |

Ildebrando Pizzetti

Italian composer, conductor, musicologist, music critic thiab xib fwb. Tus tswv cuab ntawm Italian Academy (txij li xyoo 1939). Nws kawm raws li ib tug me nyuam nrog nws txiv - Odoardo Pizzetti (1853-1926), tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm piano thiab suab paj nruag theoretical kawm, nyob rau hauv 1895-1901 - nyob rau hauv lub Parma Conservatory nrog T. Riga (kev sib haum xeeb, counterpoint) thiab J. Tebaldini (suab paj nruag. ). Los ntawm 1901 nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv Parma, los ntawm 1907 nws yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Parma Conservatory (chav kawm ntawv), los ntawm 1908 - nyob rau hauv lub Florence Music Institute (nyob rau hauv 1917-24 nws tus thawj coj). Los ntawm 1910 nws sau ntawv rau Milanese ntawv xov xwm. Nyob rau hauv 1914 nws nrhiav tau lub suab paj nruag magazine Dissonanza nyob rau hauv Florence. Nyob rau hauv 1923-1935 tus thawj coj ntawm Milan Conservatory. Txij li thaum xyoo 1936, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm National Academy "Santa Cecilia" hauv Rome (hauv 1948-51 nws tus thawj tswj hwm).

Ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm Pizzetti, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog operas (tsuas yog rau cov ntsiab lus thaum ub thiab medieval, qhia txog kev ntseeg thiab kev coj ncaj ncees tsis sib haum xeeb). Rau 50 xyoo nws tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam "La Scala" (Milan), uas tau nthuav tawm tag nrho nws cov yeeb yam (Clytemnestra tau ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws).

Hauv Pizzetti cov haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv qub ua haujlwm tau ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab 20th. Nws tig mus rau cov kab lig kev cai ntawm cov suab paj nruag ntawm Italian Renaissance thiab Baroque (choral qhov chaw - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug dawb do txhais madrigal), siv cov suab paj nruag ntawm Gregorian chant. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, nws operas yog ze rau Wagnerian suab paj nruas ua yeeb yam. Lub hauv paus ntawm Pizzetti's operatic dramaturgy yog dawb, tsis nres dynamic txoj kev loj hlob, tsis txwv los ntawm kaw suab paj nruag cov ntaub ntawv (qhov no yog reminiscent ntawm R. Wagner's "kawg suab paj nruag"). Nyob rau hauv nws operas, suab chant yog ua ke nrog melodic recitative. Lub metrorhythm thiab intonation ntawm lub suab qhov chaw yog txiav txim los ntawm lub peculiarities ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, yog li cov declamatory style yeej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Qee yam ntawm nws txoj haujlwm Pizzetti tau ntsib nrog kev kawm ntawm neoclassicism.

Pizzetti's operas tau tshwm sim hauv lwm lub tebchaws ntawm Western Europe, nrog rau hauv South America.

Cov khoom xyaw:

Ua yeeb yam - Phaedra (1915, Milan), Deborah thiab Jael (1922, Milan), Fra Gerardo (1928, Milan), Outlander (Lo straniero, 1930, Rome), Orseolo (1935, Florence), Kub (L'oro, 1947, Milan), Bath Lupa (1949, Florence), Iphigenia (1951, Florence), Cagliostro (1953, Milan), Yorio's Daughter (La figlia di Jorio, los ntawm D'Annunzio, 1954, Naples), Kev tua neeg hauv Cathedral (Assassinio nella cattedrale , 1958, Milan), Silver Slipper (Il calzare d'argento, 1961); pov pob - Gizanella (1959, Rome, kuj yog ib lub suab seev suab paj nruag rau kev ua si los ntawm G. D'Annunzio, 1913), Venetian Rondo (Rondo Veneziano, 1931); rau soloists, hu nkauj thiab orchestra - Epithalames rau cov lus ntawm Catullus (1935); rau orchestra - symphonies (1914, 1940), overture mus rau ib tug tragic farce (1911), Lub caij ntuj sov Concerto (Concerto dell'estate, 1928), 3 symphonic preludes "Oedipus Rex" los ntawm Sophocles (1904), seev cev rau "Aminta" los ntawm T. Tasso (1914); pawg hu nkauj - Oedipus ntawm Colon (nrog orchestra, 1936), Requiem Mass (a cappella, 1922); rau instrument thiab orchestra - Paj huam rau violin (1914), concertos rau piano (1933), cello (1934), violin (1944), harp (1960); chamber instrumental ensembles - sonatas rau violin (1919) thiab cello (1921) nrog piano, piano trio (1925), 2 hlua quartets (1906, 1933); rau piano - Me nyuam yaus album (1906); rau lub suab thiab piano - 3 sonnets ntawm Petrarch (1922), 3 tragic sonnets (1944); suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam, suav nrog cov yeeb yam ntawm D'Annunzio, Sophocles, W. Shakespeare, K. Goldoni.

Literary tej hauj lwm: Lub suab paj nruag ntawm Greeks, Rome, 1914; Contemporary Musicians, Mil., 1914; Critical Intermezzi, Florence, (1921); Paganini, Turin, 1940; Nkauj thiab ua yeeb yam, (Rome, 1945); Italian suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 1947, Turin, (XNUMX).

References: Tеbаldini G., I. Pizzetti, Parma, (1931); Galli G., I. Pizzetti, (Mil., 1954); Damerini A., I. Pizzetti – tus txiv neej thiab tus kws kos duab, “Lub suab paj nruag Landing”, 1966, (v.) 21.

LB Rimsky