Daniel Francois Esprit Auber |

Daniel Auber

Ober. "Fra Diavolo". Young Agnes (N. Figner)

Tus tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Fabkis (1829). Thaum nws tseem yog menyuam yaus, nws ua si violin, tsim kev sib hlub (lawv tau luam tawm). Tawm tsam qhov kev xav ntawm nws niam nws txiv, uas tau npaj nws rau kev ua lag luam, nws mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau suab paj nruag. Nws thawj zaug, tseem amateurish, kev ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag yog comic opera Iulia (1811), pom zoo los ntawm L. Cherubini (raws li nws cov kev taw qhia, Aubert tom qab kawm muaj pes tsawg leeg).

Aubert thawj zaug comic operas, Cov Tub Rog ntawm So (1813) thiab Phau Testament (1819), tsis tau txais kev lees paub. Lub koob meej coj nws mus rau comic opera Tus Shepherdess - tus tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais (1820). Los ntawm 20s. Aubert pib muaj kev sib koom tes ntev ntev nrog tus kws sau ntawv E. Scribe, tus sau phau ntawv libretto ntawm feem ntau ntawm nws cov operas (thawj ntawm lawv yog Leicester thiab Daus).

Thaum pib ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, Aubert tau cuam tshuam los ntawm G. Rossini thiab A. Boildieu, tab sis twb tau ua yeeb yaj kiab comic The Mason (1825) ua tim khawv rau kev muaj tswv yim ywj pheej thiab originality ntawm tus neeg sau. Nyob rau hauv 1828, lub opera The Mute los ntawm Portici (Fenella, lib. Scribe thiab J. Delavigne), uas tsim nws lub koob meej, tau staged nrog kev vam meej. Nyob rau hauv 1842-71 Aubert yog tus thawj coj ntawm Paris Conservatoire, los ntawm 1857 nws kuj yog ib lub tsev hais plaub composer.

Ober, nrog rau J. Meyerbeer, yog ib tus tsim ntawm hom kev ua yeeb yam loj. Lub opera Lub Mute los ntawm Portici belongs rau hom ntawv no. Nws cov phiaj xwm - kev tawm tsam ntawm Neapolitan cov neeg nuv ntses hauv xyoo 1647 tawm tsam cov neeg Mev qhev - cuam tshuam rau pej xeem lub siab nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm Lub Xya Hli Revolution ntawm 1830 hauv Fabkis. Nrog nws txoj kev taw qhia, qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau teb rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib siab, qee zaum ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam kev ua yeeb yam (kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv 1830 hauv Brussels tau ua qhov pib ntawm kev tawm tsam uas ua rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Belgium los ntawm Dutch txoj cai). Hauv tebchaws Russia, qhov kev ua yeeb yam hauv Lavxias tau tso cai los ntawm tsarist censorship tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub npe The Palermo Bandits (1857).

Qhov no yog thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam loj raws li keeb kwm keeb kwm tiag tiag, cov cim uas tsis yog cov neeg qub qub, tab sis tib neeg. Aubert txhais cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los ntawm cov suab paj nruag ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj, seev cev, nrog rau cov nkauj sib ntaus sib tua thiab kev taug kev ntawm Great French Revolution. Cov kev ua yeeb yam siv cov tswv yim sib txawv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, ntau cov nkauj hu nkauj, ntau hom thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab (ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev tawm tsam), cov xwm txheej melodramatic (qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev npau taws). Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus heroine tau tso siab rau tus neeg ntaus pob, uas tso cai rau tus kws sau nkauj kom txaus siab rau cov qhab nia nrog cov lus piav qhia lub suab paj nruag uas nrog Fenella lub sijhawm ua si, thiab qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam zoo rau hauv opera. Lub opera Lub Mute los ntawm Portici tau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm pej xeem-heroic thiab romantic opera.

Aubert yog tus sawv cev loj tshaj plaws ntawm Fab Kis comic opera. Nws opera Fra Diavolo (1830) tau cim ib theem tshiab hauv keeb kwm ntawm hom ntawv no. Ntawm cov comic operas ntau sawv tawm: "Lub Bronze Nees" (1835), "Dub Domino" (1837), "Pob zeb ntawm lub Crown" (1841). Aubert tso siab rau cov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov tswv ntawm Fab Kis comic opera ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. (FA Philidor, PA Monsigny, AEM Gretry), nrog rau nws cov laus tam sim no Boildieu, tau kawm ntau yam los ntawm Rossini kos duab.

Hauv kev koom tes nrog Scribe, Aubert tau tsim ib hom kev ua yeeb yam comic opera tshiab, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev lom zem thiab taug txuj kev nyuaj, qee zaum fairy-taleas zaj dab neeg, ib txwm muaj thiab txhim kho sai, ua kom zoo nkauj, ua si, qee zaum grotesque xwm txheej.

Aubert lub suab paj nruag yog witty, rhiab xav txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, tag nrho ntawm kev pom kev zoo nkauj, kev tshav ntuj, kev lom zem thiab ci ntsa iab. Nws embodies lub intonations ntawm Fabkis txhua hnub suab paj nruag (suab paj nruag thiab seev cev). Nws cov qhab nias yog cim los ntawm melodic tshiab thiab ntau yam, ntse, piquant rhythms, thiab feem ntau hloov maj mam thiab vibrant orchestras. Aubert tau siv ntau hom ariose thiab song forms, masterfully qhia ensembles thiab choirs, uas nws txhais nyob rau hauv ib tug playful, zoo txoj kev, tsim cus ciav, muaj yeeb yuj ib hom ntawv nyeem scenes. Creative fertility tau ua ke hauv Aubert nrog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm ntau yam thiab tshiab. AN Serov tau muab qhov kev ntsuas siab, ib qho kev piav qhia zoo rau tus kws sau ntawv. Aubert qhov zoo tshaj plaws operas tau khaws lawv cov koob meej.

EF Bronfin IB

Cov khoom xyaw:

Ua yeeb yam - Julia (Julie, 1811, ib lub tsev ua yeeb yam ntiag tug hauv lub tsev fuabtais Chime), Jean de Couvain (Jean de Couvain, 1812, ibid.), Cov tub rog thaum so (Le séjour militaire, 1813, Feydeau Theatre, Paris), Phau Testament, los yog Kev Hlub Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej (Le testament ou Les billets doux, 1819, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Shepherdess – tus tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais (La bergère châtelaine, 1820, ibid.), Emma, ​​​​los yog kev cog lus tsis tu ncua (Emma ou La promesse imprudente, 1821, ibid. tib yam), Leicester (1823, ibid.), Snow (La neige, 1823, ibid.), Vendôme hauv Spain (Vendôme en Espagne, ua ke nrog P. Herold, 1823, King's Academy of Music thiab Dance, Paris), Court Concert (Le concert à la cour, ou La débutante, 1824, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Leocadia (Léocadie, 1824, ibid.), Bricklayer (Le maçon, 1825, ibid.), Shy ( Le timide , ou Le nouveau séducteur, 1825, ibid.), Fiorella (Fiorella, 1825, ibid.), Mute from Portici (La muette de Portici, 1828, King's Academy of Music and Dance, Paris), Bride (La fiancée, 1829, Opéra Comique, Paris), Fra D iavolo (F ra Diavolo, ou L'hôtellerie de Terracine, 1830, ibid.), God and Bayadère (Le dieu et la bayadère, ou La courtisane amoureuse, 1830, King. Academy ntawm Suab paj nruag thiab seev cev, Paris; lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub ntsiag to bayadère isp. ballerina M. Taglioni), Kev hlub potion (Le philtre, 1831, ibid.), Marquise de Brenvilliers (La marquise de Brinvilliers, ua ke nrog 8 lwm tus sau, 1831, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Oath (Le serment, ou Les faux -monnayeurs, 1832, King's Academy of Music thiab Dance, Paris), Gustav III, los yog Masquerade Ball (Gustave III, ou Le bal masqué, 1833, ibid.), Lestocq, ou L' intrigue et l'amour, 1834, Opera Comic, Paris), Bronze Nees (Le cheval de bronze, 1835, ibid; nyob rau hauv 1857 reworked rau hauv ib tug grand opera), Acteon (Actéon, 1836, ibid), Dawb Hoods (Les chaperons blancs, 1836, ibid.), Envoy (L'ambassadrice, 1836, ibid.), Black Domino (Le domino noir, 1837, ibid.), Fairy Lake (Le lac des fées, 1839, King's Academy Music and Dance”, Paris), Zanetta (Zanetta, ou Jouer) avec le feu, 1840, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Crown Diamonds (Les diamants de la couronne, 1841, ibid.), Duke of Olonne (Le duc d' Olonne, 1842, ibid.), Devil's Share (La part du diable, 1843, ibid.), Siren (La sirène, 1844,ibid.), Barcarolle, los yog Kev Hlub thiab Suab Nkauj (La barcarolle ou L'amour et la musique, 1845, ibid.), Haydée (Haydée, ou Le secret, 1847, ibid.), Tub Ntxawg (L'enfant prodigue, 1850) , Vajntxwv. Academy of Music thiab Dance, Paris), Zerlina (Zerline ou La corbeille d'oranges, 1851, ibid), Marco Spada (Marco Spada, 1852, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris; hauv 1857 tau hloov kho rau hauv kev ntaus pob), Jenny Bell (Jenny Bell. , 1855, ibid.), Manon Lescaut (Manon Lescaut, 1856, ibid.), Circassian poj niam (La circassienne, 1861, ibid.), Bride of King de Garbe (La fiancée du roi de Garbe, 1864, ibid.) , Thawj Hnub Kev Zoo Siab (Le premier jour de bonheur, 1868, ibid.), Npau suav ntawm Kev Hlub (Rêve d'amour, 1869, ibid.); hlua. quartets (tsis tau tshaj tawm), thiab lwm yam.