Ziyadullah Mukadasovich Shahidi (Ziyadullah Shahidi) |

Ziyadullah Shahidi

Z. Shakhidi yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm niaj hnub kev suab paj nruas kos duab nyob rau hauv Tajikistan. Ntau ntawm nws cov nkauj, romances, operas thiab symphonic tej hauj lwm nkag mus rau hauv lub golden nyiaj ntawm lub suab paj nruag classics ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm lub Soviet East.

Yug nyob rau hauv pre-revolutionary Samarkand, ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb centre ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Ancient East, thiab tsa nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nyuaj, Shakhidi ib txwm nrhiav kev los txhawb kev tsim ib tug tshiab lub ntsiab lus taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm lub post-revolutionary era, suab paj nruas professionalism. uas tsis yog yav dhau los tus yam ntxwv ntawm sab hnub tuaj, nrog rau cov niaj hnub ib hom ntawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog European suab paj nruag kev lig kev cai.

Zoo li ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam pioneering musicians nyob rau hauv lub Soviet East, Shakhidi pib los ntawm mastering lub hauv paus ntawm ib txwm lub teb chaws kos duab, kawm kev txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws studio nyob rau hauv Moscow Conservatory, thiab ces nyob rau hauv nws lub teb chaws department nyob rau hauv lub composition ntawm V. Feret. (1952-57). Nws cov suab paj nruag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nkauj (tshaj 300), dhau los ua neeg nyiam thiab nyiam heev. Ntau lub suab nkauj ntawm Shakhidi ("Yam so koobtsheej, Peb lub tsev tsis nyob deb, Kev Hlub") tau hu txhua qhov chaw hauv Tajikistan, lawv nyiam nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws, thiab txawv teb chaws - hauv Iran, Afghanistan. Tus kws sau ntawv cov khoom plig nplua nuj melodic kuj tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv nws txoj haujlwm romance. Ntawm 14 cov qauv ntawm cov suab paj nruag me me, Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Kev Hlub (ntawm Khiloli chaw nres tsheb), thiab Birch (ntawm S. Obradovic chaw nres tsheb) sawv tawm tshwj xeeb.

Shakhidi yog tus sau ntawm kev zoo siab muaj tswv yim txoj hmoo. Nws qhov khoom plig ci ntsa iab tau tshwm sim zoo sib xws hauv ob qho kev faib ua ntu ntu ntawm cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub - "lub teeb" thiab "siab". Ob peb cov kws sau ntawv niaj hnub tau tswj hwm kom tau txais kev hlub los ntawm cov neeg thiab tib lub sijhawm tsim cov suab paj nruag ci ntsa iab ntawm qib siab ntawm kev txawj ntse siv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub sau. Qhov no yog raws nraim li nws "Symphony of the Maqoms" (1977) zoo li nrog kev qhia ntawm cov xim tsis sib xws thiab cuam tshuam.

Nws orchestral tsw yog raws li sonor-phonic teebmeem. Cov ntawv sau tawm aleatoric, lub zog ntawm kev yuam ostinato complexes yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog cov qauv tsim tshiab. Ntau nplooj ntawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem rov tsim dua qhov kev coj dawb huv ntawm lub qub Tajik monody, ua tus tuav ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev coj ncaj ncees, uas tam sim no ntawm kev xav suab paj nruag tas li rov qab los. "Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog ntau yam, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv kos duab kov ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob mus ib txhis thiab tseem ceeb rau kev kos duab ntawm peb lub hnub nyoog li kev tawm tsam ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov phem, qhov kaj tawm tsam qhov tsaus ntuj, kev ywj pheej tawm tsam kev ua phem, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev niaj hnub, hauv dav dav, nruab nrab ntawm tus kws kos duab thiab lub ntiaj teb," sau A. Eshpay.

Cov symphonic ib hom ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv lub composer txoj hauj lwm kuj yog sawv cev los ntawm ci ntsa iab paj huam Solemn paj huam (1984), uas revives cov dluab ntawm festive Tajik processions, thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ntau nruab nrab, kev kawm style: tsib symphonic suites (1956-75); symphonic paj huam "1917" (1967), "Buzruk" (1976); vocal-symphonic paj huam "In Memory of Mirzo Tursunzade" (1978) thiab "Ibn Sina" (1980).

Tus kws sau nkauj tau tsim nws thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam, Comde et Modan (1960), raws li cov paj huam ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm cov classic ntawm cov ntaub ntawv oriental Bedil, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws muaj tswv yim flowering. Nws tau dhau los ua ib qho haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Tajik opera scene. Cov suab nkauj nrov nrov "Comde thiab Modan" tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv tebchaws, nkag mus rau classical repertoire ntawm Tajik bel canto masters thiab tag nrho-Union fund ntawm opera suab paj nruag. Cov suab paj nruag ntawm Shakhidi thib ob opera, "Slaves" (1980), tsim los ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm cov classic ntawm Tajik Soviet cov ntaub ntawv S. Aini, tau txais kev lees paub zoo hauv tebchaws.

Shakhidi cov cuab yeej cuab tam suab paj nruag kuj suav nrog cov suab paj nruag monumental (oratorio, 5 cantatas rau cov lus ntawm cov kws sau paj huam tam sim no), ntau chav thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam (xws li String Quartet - 1981), 8 lub suab thiab choreographic suites, suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab yeeb yaj kiab. .

Shahidi kuj tau mob siab rau nws lub zog muaj tswv yim rau kev sib raug zoo thiab kev kawm, hais lus ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov koom pheej thiab xov xwm hauv nruab nrab, hauv xov tooj cua thiab TV. Tus kws ua yeeb yam ntawm "public temperament", nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog cov teeb meem ntawm lub neej niaj hnub suab paj nruag ntawm lub tebchaws, tsis tuaj yeem pab tab sis taw qhia qhov tsis txaus uas cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas haiv neeg kab lis kev cai: "Kuv ntseeg siab tias. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau nkauj suav nrog tsis yog tsuas yog tsim cov suab paj nruag ua haujlwm xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov suab paj nruag, kev koom tes hauv kev kawm zoo nkauj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov suab paj nruag qhia li cas hauv tsev kawm ntawv, cov nkauj dab tsi cov menyuam yaus hu thaum hnub so, cov nkauj zoo li cas cov tub ntxhais hluas nyiam ... thiab qhov no yuav tsum txhawj xeeb tus kws sau ntawv.

E. Orlova