Banjo - txoj hlua suab paj nruag

Banjo - Cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag yog tam sim no fashionable thiab nyob rau hauv kev thov, nws tau siv los yuav nyuaj heev tsuas yog US, tab sis tam sim no nws yog nyob rau hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom suab paj nruag. Tej zaum, lub ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv ib tug qab ntxiag daim ntawv, yooj yim ntawm kev ua si thiab ib tug qab ntxiag suab ntsiag to. Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag pom lawv cov mlom hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab ua si ntawm banjo thiab xav tuav qhov zoo kawg nkaus.

Qhov tseeb, banjo yog ib hom guitar uas muaj ib qho txawv txawv soundboard - nws yog ib tug resonator uas yog stretched hla lub cev, zoo li lub nruas taub hau. Feem ntau cov cuab yeej yog txuam nrog Irish suab paj nruag, nrog blues, nrog folklore compositions, thiab lwm yam. - lub scope yog tas li expanding, ua tsaug rau kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv kev sib kis ntawm banjo.

Tsob Ntoo American instrument

Nws ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau African tsoos suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th; vim nws qhov yooj yim, nws tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv cov tsev neeg txom nyem tshaj plaws thiab ntau tus neeg Asmeskas dub tau sim ua nws.

Xws li ib tug tandem yog nthuav:

violin ntxiv rau banjo, qee cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias qhov kev sib xyaw no yog classic rau "thaum ntxov" Asmeskas suab paj nruag. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv, tab sis feem ntau koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau 6-txoj hlua banjo, vim nws yooj yim ua si tom qab lub guitar, tab sis muaj ntau yam nrog txo qis los yog ntau dua cov hlua.

Banjo keeb kwm

Lub banjo tau coj mus rau Tebchaws Asmeskas los ntawm cov neeg taug kev los ntawm West Africa nyob ib ncig ntawm 1600. Mandolin tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib tus txheeb ze ntawm banjo, txawm tias cov kws tshawb fawb yuav muab rau koj txog 60 yam khoom sib txawv uas zoo ib yam li banjo thiab tej zaum yuav yog nws cov thawj coj.

Thawj qhov hais txog banjo yog pom los ntawm tus kws kho mob Askiv Hans Sloan hauv 1687. Nws pom cov cuab yeej hauv Jamaica los ntawm cov qhev African. Lawv cov cuab yeej yog tsim los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav uas npog nrog tawv.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lub banjo tau sib tw hauv kev muaj koob meej nrog cov nkauj laus ncas hauv African American suab paj nruag, tom qab ntawd nws tau nyiam cov kws ntaus nkauj dawb, suav nrog Joel Walker Sweeney, uas tau nrov lub banjo thiab coj nws mus rau lub suab paj nruag. theem hauv xyoo 1830s. Lub banjo tseem tshuav nws qhov kev hloov pauv sab nraud rau D. Sweeney: nws hloov lub taub dag lub cev nrog lub nruas lub cev, demarcated lub caj dab ntawm lub caj dab nrog frets thiab sab laug tsib txoj hlua: plaub ntev thiab ib qho luv.

Lub ncov ntawm kev muaj koob meej ntawm banjo ntog rau ntawm qhov thib ob ib nrab mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, thaum lub banjo tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm cov chaw ua yeeb yam thiab ntawm cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thawj phau ntawv qhia tus kheej rau kev ua si banjo tau luam tawm, kev sib tw ua haujlwm tau tuav, thawj lub rooj cob qhia ua cov cuab yeej raug qhib, cov hlua plab tau hloov nrog cov hlau, cov tuam txhab tau sim cov duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg.

Cov kws ntaus nkauj tshaj lij tau pib ua yeeb yam ntawm cov yeeb yam ntawm cov classics xws li Beethoven thiab Rossini, npaj rau ntawm banjo. Tsis tas li ntawd, banjo tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej hauv cov suab paj nruag xws li ragtime, jazz thiab blues. Thiab txawm hais tias nyob rau xyoo 1930 lub banjo tau hloov los ntawm hluav taws xob guitars nrog lub suab zoo dua, hauv 40s lub banjo rov ua pauj thiab rov qab los rau qhov chaw.

Tam sim no, banjo yog nrov nrog cov kws ntaus nkauj thoob plaws ntiaj teb, nws suab hauv ntau hom suab paj nruag. Cheerful thiab sonorous lub suab ntawm cov cuab yeej tunes rau qhov zoo thiab uplifting.

Tsim nta

Tus tsim ntawm banjo yog ib puag ncig acoustic lub cev thiab ib hom fretboard. Lub cev zoo ib yam li lub nruas, uas ib daim nyias nyias yog stretched nrog ib lub nplhaib steel thiab screws. Lub membrane tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov yas lossis tawv. Cov yas feem ntau yog siv tsis muaj sputtering lossis pob tshab (qhov thinnest thiab ci tshaj plaws). Tus qauv lub taub hau txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib tug niaj hnub banjo yog 11 nti.

Qhov tshem tau resonator semi-lub cev muaj ib txoj kab uas hla me ntsis loj dua li daim nyias nyias. Lub plhaub ntawm lub cev feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntoo lossis hlau, thiab lub tailpiece yog txuas rau nws.

Ib tug hyphae yog txuas rau lub cev nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug thauj tog rau nkoj pas nrig, uas cov hlua yog rub nrog kev pab los ntawm pegs. Cov ntoo sawv ntsug yog dawb nyob rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, uas nws yog nias los ntawm cov hlua ncab. 

Ib yam li lub guitar, lub caj dab banjo muab faib los ntawm frets rau hauv frets teem nyob rau hauv ib tug chromatic sequence. Cov banjo nrov tshaj plaws muaj tsib txoj hlua, thiab txoj hlua thib tsib yog luv luv thiab muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb peg nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm fretboard, ntawm nws qhov thib tsib fret. Cov hlua no yog ua si nrog tus ntiv tes xoo thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua ib txoj hlua bass, tas li suab nrog rau cov suab paj nruag.

Banjo lub cev yog ib txwm ua los ntawm mahogany lossis maple. Mahogany muab lub suab softer nrog lub predominance ntawm midrange frequencies, thaum maple yuav muab lub suab brighter.

Lub suab ntawm banjo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub nplhaib uas tuav lub membrane. Muaj ob lub ntsiab nplhaib pips: flattop, thaum lub taub hau yog stretched flush nrog lub ntug, thiab archtop, thaum lub taub hau yog tsa saum toj no theem ntawm lub ntug. Hom thib ob suab zoo dua, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Irish suab paj nruag.

Blues thiab lub teb chaws banjo

Tsis tas yuav sau lwm hom American classic - lub teb chaws - cov no yog cov nkauj incendiary nrog lub suab zoo. Lwm tus guitar koom nrog lub duet thiab nws hloov tawm ib qho kev ua tiav tag nrho. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag tuaj yeem pauv cov twj paj nruag, vim tias cov txuj ci ua si zoo sib xws, tsuas yog lub suab, uas muaj cov xim sib txawv thiab cov xim timbre, txawv hauv paus. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias qee tus neeg xav tias banjo suab zoo siab thiab qhov no yog nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb, lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub suab "blue" tu siab, nws nyuaj rau kev sib cav nrog qhov no, txij li kev xav tau muab faib thiab ib qho kev sib haum xeeb tsis yog ib txwm pom.

Banjo hlua

Cov hlua yog ua los ntawm cov hlau thiab tsawg dua ntawm cov yas (PVC, nylon), tshwj xeeb windings yog siv (steel thiab non-ferrous hlau alloys: tooj liab, tooj dag, thiab lwm yam), uas muab lub suab ntau sonorous thiab ntse tone. Cov yam ntxwv suab ntawm banjo yog suav hais tias yog lub suab ntawm "tin tau", txij li thawj qhov kev xav yog xws li cov hlua khi rau ib yam dab tsi thiab rattle. Nws hloov tawm tias qhov no yog qhov zoo, thiab ntau tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag siv zog los tsim qhov qub "nruas guitar" suab hauv lawv qhov kev ua si. Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, muaj banjo bolt, uas, raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, muaj feem xyuam rau cov suab paj nruag, tab sis qhov tseeb, nws zoo ib yam nrog nws lub kaus mom (nws txuas nrog "tightly" rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab muaj lub qhov rau kho ntawm lub kaus mom. ib feem dawb ntawm cov xov) tus tsim ntawm lub nruas-lawv ntawm qhov ntsuas, tej zaum yog vim li cas nws tau txais nws lub npe.

Cov cuab yeej tsim

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, lub cev tsis yog classic guitar lawj, tab sis ib hom nruas, ib daim nyias nyias yog tsau rau pem hauv ntej sab (nws hloov lub resonator qhov), nws yog stretched nrog ib tug hlau nplhaib. Qhov no zoo ib yam li cov hlua ntawm lub nruas nruas. Thiab qhov tseeb, qhov no yog li ntawd: tom qab tag nrho, lub suab tsis yog sab nraud, zoo li lub guitar lossis balalaika, domra, tab sis sab hauv, drumming, daim nyias nyias rattles - yog vim li cas peb thiaj li tau txais lub suab tshwj xeeb. Lub nplhaib yog fastened nrog ties - cov no yog tshwj xeeb screws. Nws tsis tshua muaj tam sim no uas banjo yog ua los ntawm tawv, txawm hais tias cov khoom siv no tau siv los ntawm cov khoom qub, tam sim no lawv siv cov yas, uas yog siv tau thiab hloov tau yooj yim yog tias tsim nyog, pheej yig.

Txoj hlua sawv ntsug yog muab tso ncaj qha rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, nws txiav txim siab qhov siab ntawm cov hlua yuav yog. Qhov qis dua lawv, qhov yooj yim dua rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam ua si. Lub caj dab yog ntoo, khoom lossis hauv qhov chaw, txuas nrog, zoo li lub caj dab guitar, nrog ib tus pas nrig, uas koj tuaj yeem kho qhov concavity. Cov hlua yog tensioned nrog pegs siv ib tug cab iav.

Hom ntawm banjo

Cov American thawj banjo tsis muaj 6, tab sis 5 txoj hlua (nws yog hu ua xiav nyom, txhais ua xiav nyom), thiab cov hlua ntses bass thaj tsam yog tig rau G thiab ib txwm qhib (nws yog luv thiab tsis clamp), koj yuav tsum tau txais siv rau qhov system no, txawm hais tias nws tsuas yog tom qab lub guitar, txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm clamping chords zoo sib xws. Muaj cov qauv uas tsis muaj ib txoj hlua thib tsib luv luv, cov no yog plaub-txoj hlua banjos classic: ua, sol, re, la, tab sis Irish siv lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb, qhov twg ntsev txav mus, yog li nws nyuaj heev kom nkag siab tias lawv ua si. , txij li cov chords yog clamped intricately thiab tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho raws li cov neeg Amelikas yog accustomed mus rau. Lub XNUMX-txoj hlua banjo yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws yog hu ua banjo guitar, nws muaj tib txoj hlua, uas yog vim li cas nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam los ntawm guitarists. Ib qho kev nthuav banjolele ntsuas uas ua ke ukulele thiab banjo.

Thiab yog tias muaj 8 txoj hlua, thiab 4 yog ob, ces qhov no yog banjo-mandolin.

Kuj tseem muaj qhov nyiam nyiam, banjo trampoline, uas tsis tshua muaj suab paj nruag, tab sis nrov heev, tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos vim tias nws muaj qee qhov txaus ntshai. Hauv qee lub tebchaws, nws raug txwv vim muaj xwm txheej, tab sis cov no tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tuav pov hwm zoo thiab muaj peev xwm siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.

Cov neeg tsim khoom sim nrog cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm banjo tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias niaj hnub no muaj ntau hom banjo, uas txawv, ntawm lwm yam, nyob rau hauv cov xov tooj ntawm cov hlua. Tab sis qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog plaub-, tsib- thiab rau-txoj hlua banjos.

• Plaub-txoj hlua tenor banjo yog classic. Nws tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​hauv orchestras, kev ua yeeb yam solo lossis kev sib tham. Lub caj dab ntawm xws li banjo yog luv dua li ntawm tsib txoj hlua banjo thiab feem ntau yog siv rau dixlend. Instrument build – do, ntsev, re, la. Cov Irish, tsis zoo li cov neeg Amelikas, siv lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb tuning, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txav G nce, uas muab ntxiv intricacy rau lub squeezed chords. Rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Irish suab paj nruag, banjo system hloov mus rau G, D, A, E.

• Tsib txoj hlua banjos feem ntau hnov ​​nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws los yog bluegrass music. Hom banjo no muaj lub caj dab ntev thiab cov hlua yooj yim uas luv dua li cov hlua nrog ib qho tseem ceeb tuning. Txoj hlua thib tsib luv tsis yog clamped, tseem qhib. Qhov system ntawm no banjo: (sol) re, ntsev, si, re.

• Lub six-string banjo tseem hu ua banjo - guitar, thiab nws kuj yog tuned: mi, la, re, ntsev, si, mi.

• Ib banjolele yog ib tug banjo uas muab ib tug ukulele thiab ib tug banjo, nws muaj plaub ib txoj hlua thiab yog tuned li no: C, G, D, G.

• Lub banjo mandolin muaj plaub ob txoj hlua tuned zoo li prima mandolin: G, D, A, E.

Ua si Banjo cov txheej txheem

Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau kev ua si banjo, nws zoo ib yam li guitar. Lub plucking thiab tawm tsam ntawm cov hlua yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab ntawm plectrums hnav ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab zoo li cov rau tes. Lub tshuab raj kuj siv tus neeg nruab nrab lossis ntiv tes. Yuav luag txhua hom banjo tau ua si nrog tus yam ntxwv tremolo lossis arpeggiated nrog sab tes xis.

Banjo hnub no

Lub banjo sawv tawm rau nws cov suab nrov tshwj xeeb thiab ci ntsa iab, uas tso cai rau koj los sawv tawm ntawm lwm cov twj paj nruag. Ntau tus neeg koom nrog banjo nrog lub teb chaws thiab suab paj nruag bluegrass. Tab sis qhov no yog qhov nqaim heev ntawm qhov ntsuas no, vim tias nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau hom suab paj nruag: pop music, Celtic punk, jazz, blues, ragtime, hardcore.

Tab sis lub banjo kuj tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​zoo li kev hais kwv txhiaj solo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov banjo, xws li composers-performers xws li Buck Trent, Ralph Stanley, Steve Martin, Hank Williams, Todd Taylor, Putnam Smith thiab lwm tus tsim tej hauj lwm. Cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov classics: Bach, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven, Mozart, Grieg thiab lwm tus kuj tau muab sau rau hauv banjo.

Niaj hnub no cov banja jazzmen nto moo tshaj plaws yog K. Urban, R. Stewart thiab D. Satriani.

Lub banjo tau siv dav hauv TV yeeb yam (Sesame Street) thiab kev ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag (Cabaret, Chicago).

Banjos yog tsim los ntawm guitar manufacturers, piv txwv li. FENDER, CORT, WASHBURN, GIBSON, ARIA, STAGG.  

Thaum muas thiab xaiv ib lub banjo, koj yuav tsum tau mus los ntawm koj lub peev xwm suab paj nruag thiab nyiaj txiag. Cov neeg pib tshiab tuaj yeem yuav plaub-txoj hlua lossis qhov nrov tsib-txoj hlua banjo. Ib tug kws tshaj lij yuav pom zoo rau ib txoj hlua rau banjo. Tsis tas li ntawd, pib los ntawm cov suab paj nruag style uas koj npaj yuav ua.

Lub banjo yog lub cim suab paj nruag ntawm Asmeskas kab lis kev cai, zoo li peb cov balalaika, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, hu ua "Lavxias teb sab banjo".

Banjo FAQ

Lo lus Banjo txhais li cas?

Banjo (Eng. Banjo) - hlua pinch suab paj nruag xws li lute los yog guitar.

Muaj pes tsawg frets ib bandjo?

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Bangjo npaj li cas?

Tus tsim ntawm Bango yog ib puag ncig acoustic rooj plaub thiab ib yam ntawm cov vulture. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li lub nruas uas nws tau ncab nrog lub nplhaib steel thiab daim nyias nyias.