Ariy Moiseevich Pazovsky |
Ariy Pazovsky
Tus thawj coj ntawm Soviet, Cov Neeg Artist ntawm USSR (1940), tus yeej ntawm peb Stalin Prizes (1941, 1942, 1943). Pazovsky ua si lub luag hauj lwm loj nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab Soviet suab paj nruas ua yeeb yam. Nws lub neej muaj tswv yim yog ib qho piv txwv tiag tiag ntawm kev pabcuam tus kheej rau nws haiv neeg kos duab. Pazovsky yog ib tug muaj tseeb innovation artist, nws yeej ib txwm muaj tseeb rau lub hom phiaj ntawm tiag tiag kos duab.
Ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Leopold Auer, Pazovsky pib nws artistic hauj lwm raws li ib tug virtuoso violinist, muab concerts tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub St. Petersburg Conservatory nyob rau hauv 1904. Txawm li cas los, lub xyoo tom ntej nws hloov nws violin mus rau ib tug neeg xyuas pib lub batton thiab nkag mus rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm choirmaster. Tus thawj coj pabcuam ntawm Yekaterinburg Opera House. Txij thaum ntawd los, yuav luag ib nrab xyoo, nws cov haujlwm tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua yeeb yam.
Txawm tias ua ntej lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, Pazovsky coj ntau lub tuam txhab ua yeeb yam. Rau ob lub caij nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm S. Zimin's Opera hauv Moscow (1908-1910), thiab tom qab ntawd - Kharkov, Odessa, Kyiv. Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag yog nyob hauv nws txoj haujlwm tom ntej hauv Petrograd People's House. Ntawm no nws tham ntau nrog Chaliapin. "Kev sib tham muaj tswv yim nrog Chaliapin," Pazovsky tau sau tseg, "kev kawm tob ntawm nws cov txuj ci, txhawb nqa los ntawm Lavxias pej xeem cov nkauj thiab cov kev cai zoo nkauj ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag, thaum kawg tau ntseeg kuv tias tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev hu nkauj zoo nkauj, uas yog, suab paj nruag. …»
Pazovsky lub peev xwm nthuav tawm tag nrho lub zog tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Tsov Rog. Nws tau ua ntau yam rau kev tsim cov tuam txhab ua yeeb yam Ukrainian, yog tus thawj coj ntawm Leningrad Opera thiab Ballet Theatre muaj npe tom qab SM Kirov (1936-1943), tom qab ntawd rau tsib xyoos - tus thawj coj kos duab thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ntawm USSR. . (Ua ntej ntawd, nws tau ua yeeb yam hauv Bolshoi Theatre hauv 1923-1924 thiab hauv 1925-1928.)
Nov yog qhov K. Kondrashin hais txog Pazovsky: "Yog tias koj nug seb koj tuaj yeem qhia Pazovsky txoj kev muaj tswv yim zoo li cas, ces koj tuaj yeem teb tau: qhov kev tshaj lij tshaj plaws thiab kev ncaj ncees rau koj tus kheej thiab lwm tus. Muaj cov dab neeg paub zoo txog yuav ua li cas Pazovsky tsav cov neeg ua yeeb yam kom qaug zog nrog kev xav tau ntawm "lub sijhawm". Lub caij no, los ntawm kev ua qhov no, thaum kawg nws tau ua tiav txoj kev ywj pheej zoo tshaj plaws, txij li cov teeb meem thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua teeb pom kev zoo thiab tsis ua rau cov neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam. Pazovsky hlub thiab paub yuav ua li cas rov xyaum. Txawm nyob rau ntawm qhov kev xyaum ua puas, nws pom cov lus rau qhov kev xav tau tshiab ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov xim ntawm lub hlwb. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias nws tsis tig mus rau cov neeg uas muaj cov cuab yeej hauv lawv txhais tes, tab sis rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam: tag nrho nws cov lus qhia yeej ib txwm ua nrog kev xav txog kev xav ... Pazovsky yog tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm tag nrho lub galaxy ntawm opera singers ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws. Preobrazhenskaya, Nelepp, Kashevarova, Yashugiya, Freidkov, Verbitskaya thiab ntau lwm tus tshuav lawv cov tswv yim txoj kev loj hlob precisely ua hauj lwm nrog nws ...
Yog lawm, Pazovsky qhov kev ua yeeb yam tsis hloov pauv tau los ua ib qho kev tshwm sim hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv lub tebchaws. Lavxias teb sab classics yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws muaj tswv yim mloog: Ivan Susanin, Ruslan thiab Lyudmila, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor, Sadko, Maid ntawm Pskov, Snow Maiden, Poj huab tais ntawm Spades, "Eugene Onegin", "Tus Enchantress", " Mazeppa” ... Feem ntau cov no yog cov qauv tsim tawm tiag tiag! Nrog rau Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws classics, Pazovsky mob siab rau ntau lub zog rau Soviet opera. Yog li, nyob rau hauv 1937 nws staged O. Chishko "Sib ntaus sib tua Potemkin", thiab nyob rau hauv 1942 - "Emelyan Pugachev" los ntawm M. Koval.
Pazovsky ua hauj lwm thiab tsim tag nrho nws lub neej nrog tsawg lub hom phiaj thiab mob siab rau. Tsuas yog mob hnyav tuaj yeem rhuav tshem nws ntawm nws txoj haujlwm uas nws nyiam. Tab sis txawm li ntawd los nws tsis tso tseg. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, Pazovsky ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj kev sib sib zog nqus thiab qhia tau hais tias qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug opera conductor. Phau ntawv ntawm tus tswv zoo kawg nkaus pab cov tiam tshiab ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag txav mus rau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev kos duab tiag tiag, uas Pazovsky tau ncaj ncees tag nrho nws lub neej.
Lit .: Pazovsky A. Tus coj thiab tus hu nkauj. M. 1959; Conductor's Notes. Ib., 1966.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
