ncha |

Greek nxo - suab, suab, lus xaiv, ncho, ncho; Hxo - Ehu (npe ntawm nymph)

Raws li cov lus dab neeg thaum ub tau tsim los ntawm Ovid, Apuleius, Ausonius thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv thaum ub, Echo yog nymph, tus ntxhais ntawm tus dej vajtswv Cephis thiab nymph Lavrion; Tus Hero raug foom tsis zoo (raws li Roman mythology - Juno), E. tsis tuaj yeem hais ua ntej, thiab teb cov lus nug tsuas yog rov hais dua cov lus kawg; tsis lees paub los ntawm Narcissus, nws tig mus rau pob zeb. Lo lus "E." txij thaum ancient sij hawm denoted cov nyhuv ntawm kev xav ntawm lub suab tsis. Yog tias qhov kev xav mus txog tus neeg mloog hauv tsawg dua 1/20 sec. tom qab lub suab tseem ceeb, nws sib txuas nrog nws thiab txhim kho nws, yog tias tom qab 1/20 sec. thiab ntau - nws yog perceived li ib tug dep. ncha thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov lus, kev xaav ntawm cov suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag productions uas siv cov txheej txheem ntawm E., raws li nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso E., repetition ntawm tej intonations thiab muses. Cov kab lus tau muab rau hauv lub suab ntsiag to, feem ntau sib cais los ntawm timbre-register txhais tau tias. Cov nyhuv ntawm E. yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas wok. cov suab paj nruag rov ua qhov xaus ntawm kev tsim kho nrog tib lub suab lus kawg ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Xws li E. los ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th. feem ntau siv hauv Italian. madrigals, motets, cantatas, operas. Qee lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov xwm txheej tau suav nrog hauv kev ua yeeb yam ua rau rov siv E. nyhuv (Purcell's The Fairy Queen, Gluck's Orpheus thiab Eurydice, R. Strauss's Ariadne auf Naxos, thiab lwm yam). Cov nyhuv ntawm E. kuj tau siv hauv instr. suab paj nruag – in production. rau cov twj paj nruag keyboard xws li fantasy thiab variations, nrog rau hauv chamber thiab symphonic instruments. op. (A. Banchieri, “Fantasia in eco”, 1603; B. Marini, “Sonata in eco”, 1629; K. Stamitz, “Symphonie en echo”, 1721). Qee zaum, JS Bach tig mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm E. (nws hu ua qhov kawg ntawm h-moll overture nyob rau hauv phau ntawv 2nd ntawm Clavier Exercises, BWV 831, "E."). Cov nyhuv ntawm E. kuj tau siv los ntawm Viennese classics (J. Haydn, "Echo" rau 2 txoj hlua. trio, Hob. II, 39; WA Mozart, Nocturne rau 4 orchestras, K.-V. 286). Lub npe "E." Thaum lub npe hu ua lub cev sau npe qhia qhov kev sib nyiam ntawm lawv lub suab (hauv nws. Zartflute organs, lit. - lub suab nrov nrov, feem ntau hu ua "E."; hauv Fabkis - Cornet d'echo).

EV Gertzman