Amilcare Ponchielli |

Amilcare Ponchielli: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Ponchielli. "La Gioconda". Suicidio (M. Callas)

Ponchielli lub npe tau khaws cia hauv keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag, ua tsaug rau ib qho kev ua yeeb yam - La Gioconda - thiab ob tug tub ntxhais kawm, Puccini thiab Mascagni, txawm hais tias thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej nws paub ntau dua ib qho kev vam meej.

Amilcare Ponchielli yug rau 31 Lub Yim Hli 1834 hauv Paderno Fasolaro ze Cremona, lub zos uas tam sim no dais nws lub npe. Leej txiv, tus tswv ntawm lub khw, yog ib lub zos organist thiab ua thawj xib fwb ntawm nws tus tub. Thaum muaj cuaj xyoos, tus tub tau mus rau Milan Conservatory. Ntawm no Ponchielli kawm piano, kev tshawb xav thiab kev sib sau rau kaum ib xyoos (nrog Alberto Mazzucato). Ua ke nrog peb lwm tus tub ntxhais kawm, nws tau sau ib qho operetta (1851). Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, nws tau ua haujlwm - tus kws kho mob hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Sant'Hilario hauv Cremona, bandmaster ntawm National Guard hauv Piacenza. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ib txwm ua npau suav ntawm txoj haujlwm ua tus kws sau nkauj ua yeeb yam. Ponchielli thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam, The Betrothed, raws li lub npe nrov tshiab los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Italian zoo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo 1872, Alessandro Manzoni, tau tshwm sim hauv nws haiv neeg Cremona thaum nws tus kws sau ntawv nyuam qhuav hla qhov pib ntawm nees nkaum xyoo. Hauv xya xyoo tom ntej no, ob qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau nthuav tawm, tab sis thawj qhov kev vam meej tuaj tsuas yog xyoo 1874, nrog ib tsab tshiab ntawm The Betrothed. Nyob rau hauv XNUMX, cov Lithuanians raws li paj huam Konrad Wallenrod los ntawm Polish romantic Adam Mickiewicz pom lub teeb ntawm hnub, xyoo tom qab lub cantata Donizetti Kev Muab tau ua, thiab ib xyoos tom qab Gioconda tau tshwm sim, coj tus sau ib qho kev yeej tiag tiag.

Ponchielli tau teb rau kev tuag ntawm nws cov neeg tseem ceeb nrog cov suab paj nruag: zoo li Verdi hauv Requiem, nws tau hwm lub cim xeeb ntawm Manzoni ("Poj Ncauj Elegy" thiab "Pom pam tuag"), tom qab Garibaldi ("Triumphal Hymn"). Hauv xyoo 1880, Ponchielli tau txais kev lees paub dav dav. Nyob rau hauv 1880, nws tuav lub luag hauj lwm ntawm professor ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv Milan Conservatory, ib xyoos tom qab, txoj hauj lwm ntawm bandmaster ntawm lub Cathedral ntawm Santa Maria Maggiore nyob rau hauv Bergamo, thiab nyob rau hauv 1884 tau caw mus rau St. Ntawm no nws yuav tau txais kev txaus siab txais tos nrog kev tsim khoom ntawm "Gioconda" thiab "Lithuanians" (hauv lub npe "Aldona"). Nyob rau hauv lub xeem opera, Marion Delorme (1885), Ponchielli dua, raws li nyob rau hauv La Gioconda, tig mus rau lub yeebyam ntawm Victor Hugo, tab sis yav dhau los kev vam meej tsis tau rov qab.

Ponchielli tuag thaum Lub Ib Hlis 16, 1886 hauv Milan.

A. Koenigsberg

Cov khoom xyaw:

Ua yeeb yam – Savoyarka (La savoiarda, 1861, tr “Concordia”, Cremona; 2nd ed. – Lina, 1877, tr “Dal Verme”, Milan), Roderich, huab tais npaj txhij (Roderico, re dei Goti, 1863, tr “Comunale ", Piacenza), Lithuanians (Kuv lituani, raws li paj huam "Konrad Wallenrod" los ntawm Mickiewicz, 1874, tr "La Scala", Milan; tshiab ed. – Aldona, 1884, Mariinsky tr, Petersburg), Gioconda (1876, La Scala khw khw, Milan), Valencian Moors (I mori di Valenza, 1879, ua tiav los ntawm A. Cadore, 1914, Monte Carlo), Prodigal Son (Il figliuol prodigo, 1880, t -r “La Scala”, Milan), Marion Delorme (1885, ib.); pov pob - Twins (Le due gemelle, 1873, La Scala khw khw, Milan), Clarina (1873, Dal Verme khw khw, Milan); tubkaub - K Gaetano Donizetti (1875); rau orchestra – Tsib Hlis 29 (29 Maggio, lub ntees tuag lub ntees tuag nyob rau hauv nco txog A. Manzoni, 1873), Hymn to the memory of Garibaldi (Sulla tomba di Garibaldi, 1882), thiab lwm yam .; nkauj ntseeg, romances, thiab lwm yam.