Vladimir Vladimirovich Sofronitsky |

Vladimir Sofronitsky

Vladimir Vladimirovich Sofronitsky yog ib tug tshwj xeeb daim duab nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Yog hais tias, tus neeg ua yeeb yam "X" yog ib qho yooj yim los piv nrog tus ua yeeb yam "Y", nrhiav ib yam dab tsi nyob ze, cuam tshuam, coj lawv mus rau ib qho kev sib piv, ces nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem piv Sofronitsky nrog nws cov npoj yaig. Raws li ib tug artist, nws yog ib tug ntawm ib tug zoo thiab tsis tau muab piv.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov lus piv txwv tau yooj yim pom uas txuas nws daim duab nrog lub ntiaj teb ntawm paj huam, ntawv nyeem, thiab kev kos duab. Txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm pianist lub neej, nws txhais lus tsim tau txuam nrog Blok cov paj huam, Vrubel's canvases, Dostoevsky's thiab Green's cov phau ntawv. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias muaj qee yam zoo sib xws hauv ib zaug nrog Debussy lub suab paj nruag. Thiab nws nrhiav tsis tau tej analogues txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm nws cov khub composers; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag niaj hnub no tau yooj yim pom cov piv txwv ntawm cov kws sau paj huam (Baudelaire, Verlaine, Mallarmé), playwrights (Maeterlinck), cov neeg pleev kob (Monet, Denis, Sisley thiab lwm tus).

• Piano suab paj nruag hauv Ozon online khw →

Txhawm rau sawv ntsug hauv kev kos duab los ntawm ib tus kwv tij hauv kev cob qhia muaj tswv yim, nyob deb ntawm cov neeg uas zoo sib xws hauv lub ntsej muag, yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo heev. Sofronitsky undoubtedly koom nrog xws li artists.

Nws biography tsis nplua nuj nyob rau hauv sab nraud zoo kawg li txheej xwm; tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tsis thoob hauv nws, tsis muaj kev sib tsoo uas dheev thiab hloov pauv txoj hmoo sai sai. Thaum koj saib lub chronograph ntawm nws lub neej, ib yam dab tsi catches koj lub qhov muag: concerts, concerts, concerts ... Nws yug los nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nyob rau hauv ib tug ntse tsev neeg. Nws txiv yog ib tug physicist; Nyob rau hauv lub pedigree koj yuav nrhiav tau cov npe ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, kws sau paj lug, artists, tshuab raj. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Sofronitsky hais tias nws niam thiab yawm txiv yog tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX - thaum ntxov xyoo pua Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky.

Txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5 xyoos, tus me nyuam tub tau kos rau lub ntiaj teb ntawm lub suab, mus rau piano. Zoo li txhua tus menyuam yaus uas muaj txiaj ntsig tiag tiag, nws nyiam xav txog ntawm cov keyboard, ua si ib yam dab tsi ntawm nws tus kheej, khaws cov suab paj nruag tsis txaus ntseeg. Nws thaum ntxov tau pom lub pob ntseg ntse, lub suab paj nruag nco txog tenacious. Cov txheeb ze tsis muaj kev ntseeg tias yuav tsum tau qhia tiag tiag thiab sai li sai tau.

Txij li thaum muaj XNUMX xyoos, Vova Sofronitsky (nws tsev neeg nyob hauv Warsaw thaum lub sijhawm ntawd) pib kawm piano los ntawm Anna Vasilievna Lebedeva-Getsevich. Ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm NG Rubinshtein, Lebedeva-Getsevich, raws li lawv hais, yog ib tug loj thiab txawj ntse tshuab raj. Nyob rau hauv nws cov kev tshawb fawb, ntsuas thiab hlau txiav kav; txhua yam tau ua raws li cov lus pom zoo kawg nkaus; Cov hauj lwm thiab cov lus qhia tau ua tib zoo sau rau hauv phau ntawv teev npe ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, lawv cov kev coj ua tau tswj hwm nruj. "Kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua tus ntiv tes, txhua tus leeg tsis tau khiav tawm ntawm nws txoj kev xav, thiab nws pheej nrhiav kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem tsis zoo." (Sofronitsky VN From the memoirs // Memories of Sofronitsky. – M., 1970. P. 217)- sau nyob rau hauv nws memoirs Vladimir Nikolayevich Sofronitsky, pianist txiv. Thaj, cov lus qhia nrog Lebedeva-Getsevich tau ua haujlwm rau nws tus tub zoo. Tus tub hluas tsiv mus sai sai hauv nws txoj kev kawm, tau txuas nrog nws tus kws qhia ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd rov nco qab nws ntau dua ib zaug nrog lo lus ua tsaug.

… Sij hawm dhau mus. Raws li cov lus qhia ntawm Glazunov, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1910, Sofronitsky mus nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug tseem ceeb Warsaw kws tshwj xeeb, xib fwb ntawm lub Conservatory Alexander Konstantinovich Mikhalovsky. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws tau los ua ntau thiab xav paub txog lub suab paj nruag nyob ib puag ncig nws. Nws mus kawm piano yav tsaus ntuj, hnov ​​Rachmaninov, hluas Igumnov, thiab nto moo pianist Vsevolod Buyukli, uas tau ncig xyuas hauv nroog. Ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam zoo heev ntawm Scriabin cov haujlwm, Buyukli muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais hluas Sofronitsky - thaum nws nyob hauv nws niam nws txiv lub tsev, nws feem ntau zaum ntawm piano, txaus siab thiab ua si ntau.

Ob peb xyoos siv nrog Mikhalovsky muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob ntawm Safronitsky raws li ib tug artist. Michalovsky nws tus kheej yog ib tug zoo pianist; ib tug passionate admirer ntawm Chopin, nws feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Warsaw theem nrog nws plays. Sofronitsky kawm tsis yog nrog ib tus kws paub txog tshuab raj, tus kws qhia ntawv zoo, nws tau qhia ua yeeb yam, tus txiv neej uas paub qhov xwm txheej thiab nws txoj cai zoo. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb. Lebedeva-Getsevich coj nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg nyob rau hauv nws lub sijhawm: raws li lawv hais, nws "tso nws txhais tes", tso lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nyob ze Mikhalovsky, Sofronitsky thawj zaug hnov ​​​​qhov zoo siab aroma ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj theem, ntes tau nws cov ntxim nyiam ntxim nyiam, uas nws nyiam mus ib txhis.

Xyoo 1914, tsev neeg Sofronitsky rov qab mus rau St. 13-xyoo-laus pianist nkag mus rau hauv lub conservatory rau tus naas ej tswv ntawm piano pedagogy Leonid Vladimirovich Nikolaev. (Tshwj tsis yog Sofronitsky, nws cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau ntau lub sijhawm suav nrog M. Yudina, D. Shostakovich, P. Serebryakov, N. Perelman, V. Razumovskaya, S. Savshinsky thiab lwm tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag.) Sofronitsky tseem muaj hmoo tau muaj cov kws qhia ntawv. Nrog rau tag nrho cov sib txawv ntawm cov cim thiab temperaments (Nikolaev yog txwv tsis pub, sib npaug, invariably logic, thiab Vova yog passionate thiab addicted), muaj tswv yim kev sib cuag nrog tus xib fwb enriched nws cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev.

Nws yog nthuav kom nco ntsoov tias Nikolaev, tsis dhau extravagant nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev hlub, sai sai coj ib tug nyiam rau cov hluas Sofronitsky. Nws tau hais tias nws feem ntau tig mus rau cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg paub: "Los mloog ib tug tub zoo ... Zoo li kuv tias qhov no yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb, thiab nws twb ua si zoo." (Leningrad Conservatory hauv Memoirs. – L., 1962. S. 273.).

Qee lub sij hawm Sofronitsky koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm concerts thiab cov koom txoos kev siab hlub. Lawv pom nws, lawv hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg thiab nrov dua txog nws tus cwj pwm zoo, ntxim nyiam. Twb tsis yog Nikolaev nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov pom deb tshaj plaws ntawm Petrograd cov kws ntaus nkauj - thiab tom qab lawv qee tus neeg saib xyuas - kwv yees lub neej yav tom ntej zoo nkauj rau nws.

… Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tiav lawm (1921), lub neej ntawm tus kws tshaj lij kev hais kwv txhiaj pib. Lub npe ntawm Sofronitsky tuaj yeem pom ntau thiab ntau dua ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm nws lub nroog; cov kev lig kev cai nruj thiab xav tau Moscow pej xeem tau paub nws thiab muab nws zoo siab txais tos; Nws tau hnov ​​hauv Odessa, Saratov, Tiflis, Baku, Tashkent. Maj mam, lawv kawm txog nws yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv USSR, qhov chaw suab paj nruag loj heev; nws tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov sib npaug nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

(Ib qho xav paub: Sofronitsky yeej tsis tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tw suab paj nruag thiab, los ntawm nws tus kheej nkag, tsis nyiam lawv. Lub koob meej tau yeej los ntawm nws tsis nyob rau hauv kev sib tw, tsis nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua ib qho chaw thiab nrog ib tug neeg; tsawg kawg ntawm txhua yam nws tshuav nws rau capricious. kev ua si ntawm lub caij nyoog, uas, nws tshwm sim hais tias ib tug yuav tsum lifted li ob peb kauj ruam, lwm undeservedly relegated mus rau ntxoov ntxoo.Nws los rau theem uas nws tuaj ua ntej, nyob rau hauv pre-kev sib tw lub sij hawm - los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, thiab tsuas yog los ntawm lawv. , ua pov thawj nws txoj cai rau kev ua yeeb yam.)

Nyob rau hauv 1928 Sofronitsky mus txawv tebchaws. Nrog kev vam meej yog nws ncig xyuas hauv Warsaw, Paris. Kwv yees li ib xyoos thiab ib nrab nws nyob hauv lub nroog Fabkis. Ntsib nrog cov kws sau paj huam, kws ua yeeb yam, kws ntaus nkauj, tau paub txog kev kos duab ntawm Arthur Rubinstein, Gieseking, Horowitz, Paderewski, Landowska; nrhiav kev tawm tswv yim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thiab kws tshaj lij hauv pianism, Nikolai Karlovich Medtner. Paris nrog nws cov hnub nyoog-laus kab lis kev cai, tsev cia puav pheej, vernissages, richest treasury ntawm architecture muab cov tub ntxhais hluas artist ib tug ntau ntawm tiag tiag impressions, ua rau nws artistic lub zeem muag ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txawm sharper thiab sharper.

Tom qab sib cais nrog Fabkis, Sofronitsky rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws. Thiab dua mus ncig, ncig saib, loj thiab me me-paub philharmonic scenes. Tsis ntev nws pib qhia (nws raug caw los ntawm Leningrad Conservatory). Pedagogy tsis yog lub hom phiaj los ua nws txoj kev mob siab rau, kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm hauv lub neej - raws li, hais, rau Igumnov, Goldenweiser, Neuhaus lossis nws tus kws qhia ntawv Nikolaev. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm qhov xwm txheej, nws tau khi rau nws mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog, nws tau txi ntau lub sijhawm, lub zog thiab lub zog.

Thiab tom qab ntawd los txog lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1941, lub sijhawm nyuaj kawg rau cov neeg ntawm Leningrad thiab rau Sofronitsky, uas tseem nyob hauv lub nroog uas raug kaw. Ib zaug, thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 12, nyob rau hauv cov hnub tsaus ntuj tshaj plaws ntawm kev thaiv, nws qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj tau tshwm sim - ib qho txawv txawv, mus ib txhis rau hauv nco txog nws thiab ntau lwm tus. Nws ua si ntawm Pushkin Theatre (yav tas los Alexandrinsky) rau cov neeg uas tiv thaiv nws Leningrad. "Nws yog peb degrees qis dua xoom hauv Alexandrinka nrog," Sofronitsky tom qab hais. “Cov neeg mloog, cov neeg tiv thaiv lub nroog, tau zaum hauv lub tsho plaub. Kuv ua si hauv hnab looj tes nrog ntiv tes txiav tawm… Tab sis lawv mloog kuv li cas, kuv ua si li cas! Cov kev nco muaj nuj nqis npaum li cas… Kuv xav tias cov neeg mloog nkag siab kuv, tias kuv tau pom txoj hauv kev rau lawv lub siab… ” (Adzhemov KX Unforgettable. – M., 1972. S. 119.).

Sofronitsky siv ob xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv Moscow. Lub sijhawm no, nws feem ntau mob, qee zaum nws tsis tshwm sim rau pej xeem ntau lub hlis. Qhov ntau impatiently lawv tos rau nws concerts; txhua tus ntawm lawv dhau los ua kev ua yeeb yam. Tej zaum txawm ib lo lus kev hais kwv txhiaj tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum nws los txog rau Sofronitsky tom qab ua yeeb yam.

Cov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ib zaug tau hu ua txawv: "musical hypnosis", "poetic nirvana", "sab ntsuj plig liturgy". Tseeb tiag, Sofronitsky tsis yog ua tau zoo xwb (zoo, ua tau zoo heev) qhov no lossis qhov kev pab cuam uas tau qhia rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev hais kwv txhiaj. Thaum nws ua suab paj nruag, zoo li nws lees txim rau tib neeg; Nws lees txim nrog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, lub siab dawb paug thiab, qhov tseem ceeb heev, kev mob siab rau kev xav. Txog ib qho ntawm cov nkauj ntawm Schubert - Liszt, nws hais tias: "Kuv xav quaj thaum kuv ua qhov no." Lwm lub sijhawm, tau nthuav tawm cov neeg tuaj saib nrog kev tshoov siab tiag tiag ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm Chopin's B-flat me sonata, nws tau lees paub, tau mus rau hauv chav ua yeeb yam: "Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb li ntawd, kuv yuav tsis ua si ntau tshaj li ib puas zaus. ” Tiag tiag relive lub suab paj nruag ua si so, raws li nws tau ntsib ntawm piano, tau muab rau ob peb tug. Cov pej xeem pom thiab to taub qhov no; Ntawm no nteg cov lus qhia rau qhov txawv txav tsis zoo, "sib nqus", raws li ntau tus neeg paub, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kws kos duab rau cov neeg tuaj saib. Los ntawm nws yav tsaus ntuj, nws tau siv los ua kom lawv tawm mus ntsiag to, nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev mob siab rau nws tus kheej, zoo li yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib qho zais cia. (Heinrich Gustovovich Neuhaus, uas paub Sofronitsky zoo, ib zaug hais tias "lub cim ntawm ib yam dab tsi txawv tshaj plaw, tej zaum yuav luag supernatural, mysterious, inexplicable thiab haib attracting rau nws tus kheej ib txwm dag ntawm nws kev ua si ...")

Yog, thiab cov pianists lawv tus kheej nag hmo, cov rooj sib tham nrog cov neeg tuaj saib kuj muaj qee zaum ua rau lawv tus kheej, tshwj xeeb. Sofronitsky nyiam chav me me, cozy, "nws" cov neeg tuaj saib. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, nws txaus siab ua si nyob rau hauv lub Me Hall ntawm lub Moscow Conservatory, nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab - nrog lub siab dawb siab zoo tshaj plaws - nyob rau hauv lub tsev-Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm AN Scriabin, tus composer uas nws idolized yuav luag los ntawm ib tug. hnub nyoog hluas.

Nws yog noteworthy tias nyob rau hauv Sofronitsky qhov kev ua si yeej tsis muaj ib tug cliché (ib tug nyuaj siab, tho txawv kev ua si cliché uas tej zaum devalues ​​​​kev txhais ntawm notorious masters); kev txhais cov qauv, hardness ntawm daim ntawv, los ntawm super-muaj zog kev cob qhia, los ntawm scrupulous "ua" kev pab cuam, los ntawm nquag repetition ntawm tib daim ntawm ntau theem. Ib qho stencil hauv kev ua suab paj nruag, kev xav tsis zoo, yog qhov kev ntxub tshaj plaws rau nws. Nws hais tias, "Nws yog qhov phem heev," nws hais tias, "thaum, tom qab thawj ob peb lub pas tuav los ntawm tus pianist hauv concerto, koj twb xav txog dab tsi yuav tshwm sim tom ntej." Yog lawm, Sofronitsky tau kawm nws cov kev pab cuam rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab ua tib zoo. Thiab nws, rau tag nrho cov boundlessness ntawm nws repertoire, muaj lub ntees rov qab nyob rau hauv concerts yav tas los ua si. Tab sis - ib qho amazing tshaj plaws! - tsis muaj lub cim, tsis muaj kev xav ntawm "memorization" ntawm qhov lawv hais los ntawm theem. Rau nws yog creator nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb thiab siab ntawm lo lus. “… Yog Sofronitsky tus tua neeg? VE Meyerhold exclaimed ib zaug. "Leej twg yuav tig nws tus nplaig los hais qhov no?" (Hais lus tus tua neeg, Meyerhold, raws li koj yuav twv, txhais tau tias performer; tsis tau txhais hais tias suab paj nruag kev ua tau zoo, thiab suab paj nruag kev mob siab.) Tseeb tiag: ib tug puas tuaj yeem hu ua ib tug neeg kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov npoj yaig ntawm tus pianist, uas qhov kev siv zog thiab zaus ntawm kev muaj tswv yim mem tes, qhov kev siv hluav taws xob muaj tswv yim yuav xav tau ntau dua li ntawm nws?

Sofronitsky ib txwm tsim nyob rau hauv lub concert theem. Hauv kev ua suab paj nruag, zoo li hauv kev ua yeeb yam, nws tuaj yeem nthuav tawm rau pej xeem cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo ua ntej (piv txwv li, tus kws ntaus nkauj Italian nto moo Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli ua si); Ib qho tuaj yeem, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, kos duab kos duab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib: "Ntawm no, hnub no, tam sim no," raws li Stanislavsky xav. Rau Sofronitsky, tom kawg yog txoj cai. Cov neeg tuaj saib nws concerts tsis tau mus rau "hnub qhib", tab sis mus rau ib hom kev cob qhia muaj tswv yim. Raws li txoj cai, nag hmo hmoov zoo li tus neeg txhais lus tsis haum rau lub tshuab raj uas ua haujlwm hauv lub rooj cob qhia no - yog li ntawd twb yog lawm… Muaj ib hom kws ua yeeb yam uas, txhawm rau txav mus tom ntej, tas li yuav tsum tsis lees paub ib yam dab tsi, tawm hauv ib yam dab tsi. Nws tau hais tias Picasso tau ua txog 150 qhov kev kos duab ua ntej rau nws lub npe nrov "Kev Tsov Rog" thiab "Kev Thaj Yeeb" thiab tsis tau siv ib qho ntawm lawv qhov kawg, kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm, txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov duab kos thiab kos duab, raws li cov neeg ua pov thawj muaj peev xwm. account, tau zoo heev. Picasso organically tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua, luam tawm, luam tawm. Nws yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav thiab tsim txhua feeb; qee zaum muab pov tseg yam uas tau pom yav dhau los; ntau zaus los daws qhov teeb meem. Txiav txim siab txawv li cas, hais, nag hmo lossis hnub ua ntej nag hmo. Txwv tsis pub, creativity nws tus kheej raws li ib tug txheej txheem yuav poob nws ntxim nyiam, kev zoo siab ntawm sab ntsuj plig, thiab tshwj xeeb tsw rau nws. Ib yam zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim nrog Sofronitsky. Nws tuaj yeem ua si tib yam ob zaug ua ke (raws li tau tshwm sim rau nws thaum nws tseem hluas, ntawm ib qho ntawm clavirabends, thaum nws thov kom pej xeem tso cai rov ua dua Chopin qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, uas tsis txaus siab rau nws ua tus neeg txhais lus) - thib ob " version" yog ib yam dab tsi txawv ntawm thawj. Sofronitsky yuav tsum tau rov hais dua tom qab Mahler tus neeg xyuas pib: "Nws yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau kuv los ua kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib txoj kev raug ntaus." Nws, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ntau tshaj ib zaug qhia nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, txawm nyob rau hauv txawv lo lus. Hauv kev sib tham nrog ib tus neeg txheeb ze, nws tau poob qis: "Kuv ib txwm ua si sib txawv, ib txwm sib txawv."

Cov "tsis sib npaug" thiab "sib txawv" coj qhov ntxim nyiam tshwj xeeb rau nws qhov kev ua si. Nws ib txwm twv ib yam dab tsi los ntawm improvisation, momentary muaj tswv yim nrhiav; Ua ntej nws twb tau hais tias Sofronitsky mus rau theem tsim - tsis txhob rov tsim dua. Hauv kev sib tham, nws tau lees paub - ntau dua ib zaug thiab nrog txhua txoj cai ua li ntawd - tias nws, ua tus neeg txhais lus, ib txwm muaj "txoj kev npaj" hauv nws lub taub hau: "ua ntej kev hais kwv txhiaj, kuv paub yuav ua li cas mus txog qhov kawg nres. ” Tiamsis nws hais ntxiv tias:

“Lwm yam yog thaum muaj kev hais kwv txhiaj. Nws tuaj yeem zoo ib yam li hauv tsev, lossis nws tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li. " Ib yam li nyob hauv tsev - zoo xws li cov - Nws tsis muaj…

Muaj nyob rau hauv no pluses (loj heev) thiab minuses (tsuas yog inevitable). Tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj tias improvisation yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo raws li nws tsis tshua muaj nyob rau niaj hnub no kev coj ua ntawm cov neeg txhais suab paj nruag. Rau improvise, muab rau intuition, ua yeeb yam nyob rau theem ua hauj lwm mob siab rau thiab rau lub sij hawm ntev tau kawm, kom tau tawm ntawm knurled khiav ntawm lub sij hawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsuas yog ib tug artist nrog ib tug nplua nuj lub tswv yim, audacity, thiab ardent muaj tswv yim xav. tuaj yeem ua qhov no. Qhov tsuas yog "tab sis": koj ua tsis tau, subordinating qhov kev ua si "rau txoj cai tam sim no, txoj cai ntawm feeb no, ib lub xeev ntawm lub siab, ib tug muab kev paub ..." - thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv cov kab lus uas GG Neuhaus piav. Sofronitsky tus txheej txheem theem - nws yog tsis yooj yim sua, thaj, ib txwm yuav zoo siab tib yam nyob rau hauv lawv pom. Yuav kom ncaj ncees, Sofronitsky tsis koom nrog sib npaug pianists. Kev ruaj ntseg tsis yog ntawm nws txoj kev tsim txiaj raws li kev hais kwv txhiaj. Poetic insights ntawm extraordinary hwj chim alternated nrog nws, nws tshwm sim, nrog lub sij hawm ntawm apathy, puas siab puas ntsws trance, internal demagnetization. Cov kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws, tsis yog, tsis yog, yog, cuam tshuam nrog kev thuam kev ua tsis tiav, kev vam meej - nrog kev npaj txhij txog thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, kev muaj tswv yim siab - nrog "plateaus" uas ua rau nws chim siab heev ...

Cov neeg nyob ze ntawm tus kws kos duab paub tias nws yeej tsis muaj peev xwm kwv yees nrog tsawg kawg yog qee qhov tseeb seb nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam yav tom ntej yuav ua tiav lossis tsis tau. Raws li feem ntau cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab, tsis muaj zog, tsis yooj yim rau cov xwm txheej (ib zaug nws hais txog nws tus kheej: "Kuv nyob tsis muaj tawv nqaij"), Sofronitsky nyob deb ntawm ib txwm muaj peev xwm rub nws tus kheej ua ke ua ntej kev hais kwv txhiaj, mloog nws lub siab nyiam, kov yeej kev ntxhov siab. kev ntxhov siab, nrhiav kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab. Qhov taw qhia hauv qhov kev nkag siab no yog zaj dab neeg ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais kawm IV Nikonovich: "Hnub yav tsaus ntuj, ib teev ua ntej kev hais kwv txhiaj, ntawm nws qhov kev thov, kuv feem ntau hu rau nws los ntawm tsheb tavxij. Txoj kev los ntawm tsev mus rau lub tsev hais plaub feem ntau nyuaj heev… Nws yog txwv tsis pub tham txog suab paj nruag, hais txog kev hais kwv txhiaj yav tom ntej, ntawm chav kawm, hais txog extraneous prosaic yam, nug txhua yam ntawm cov lus nug. Nws raug txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm los yog ntsiag to, kom cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam ua ntej lossis, qhov sib txawv, tsom ntsoov rau nws. Nws txoj kev ntxhov siab, kev sib nqus sab hauv, kev ntxhov siab, kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog lwm tus tau mus txog lawv qhov kawg hauv lub sijhawm no. (Nikonovich IV Memories of VV Sofronitsky // Memories of Sofronitsky. S. 292.).

Qhov kev zoo siab uas tsim txom yuav luag txhua tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag sab nrauv Sofronitsky yuav luag ntau dua li lwm tus. Lub siab lub ntsws yog lub sij hawm zoo heev uas tag nrho cov thawj tus lej ntawm qhov kev zov me nyuam, thiab txawm tias tag nrho thawj feem ntawm yav tsaus ntuj, mus, raws li nws tus kheej hais, "hauv qab piano." Tsuas yog maj mam, nrog kev nyuaj, tsis sai sai tuaj sab hauv emancipation. Thiab ces qhov tseem ceeb tuaj. Sofronitsky lub npe nrov "passes" pib. Yam uas cov neeg coob coob tau mus rau kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm pianist pib: qhov dawb huv ntawm cov nkauj dawb huv tau tshwm sim rau tib neeg.

Kev ntxhov siab, kev puas siab puas ntsws hluav taws xob ntawm Sofronitsky's art tau hnov ​​los ntawm yuav luag txhua tus ntawm nws cov neeg mloog. Qhov kev nkag siab ntau dua, txawm li cas los xij, kwv yees lwm yam hauv daim duab no - nws txoj kev tu siab heev. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm nws cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag uas zoo li nyob ze rau nws hauv lawv txoj kev xav poetic, lub tsev khaws khoom ntawm qhov muaj tswv yim zoo, kev nyiam romantic ntawm lub ntiaj teb saib, xws li Cortot, Neuhaus, Arthur Rubinstein; muab tso rau ntawm nws tus kheej, qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv lub voj voog ntawm kev kawm. Kev thuam suab paj nruag, uas txheeb xyuas Sofronitsky qhov kev ua si, yeej tsis muaj kev xaiv tab sis tig mus rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm qhov sib piv thiab cov piv txwv rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev pleev xim: rau qhov tsis meej pem, ntxhov siab, twilightly xim kos duab ntiaj teb ntawm Blok, Dostoevsky, Vrubel.

Cov neeg uas sawv ntawm ib sab ntawm Sofronitsky sau txog nws txoj kev ntshaw mus ib txhis rau qhov ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev ua. AV Sofronitsky, tus tub ntawm pianist hais tias, "Txawm hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas zoo siab tshaj plaws," hais txog AV Sofronitsky, "qee qhov kev quaj ntsuag tsis tau tawm ntawm nws lub ntsej muag, nws yeej tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev txaus siab rau nws." Maria Yudina tau hais txog nws "kev txom nyem zoo li", "kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb ..." Needless hais, kev sib tsoo ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm Sofronitsky, ib tug txiv neej thiab ib tug kws kos duab, cuam tshuam nws qhov kev ua si, muab nws qhov tshwj xeeb imprint. Qee lub sij hawm qhov kev ua si no yuav luag los ntshav hauv nws qhov kev qhia. Qee lub sij hawm cov neeg quaj ntawm pianist lub concerts.

Nws yog tam sim no feem ntau hais txog xyoo kawg ntawm Sofronitsky lub neej. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, nws txoj kev kos duab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev sib txawv. Kev thuam tau sau txog "kev siab hlob", hais txog "kev hlub tshua" ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas suab paj nruag, txog nws "lub xeev zoo siab", txog "kev siab dawb siab zoo ntawm kev xav, nkag mus rau lyricism" thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd nws ua si lub piano opuses ntawm Scriabin, thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Liszt (xws li B me sonata, uas nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub conservatory); Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev xav thiab puas siab puas ntsws txoj leeg, nws txhais tej hauj lwm ntawm Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Schumann, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Debussy, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Medtner, Prokofiev, Shostakovich thiab lwm yam composers. Ntawm no, tej zaum, nws yuav tsim nyog los qhia tshwj xeeb tias txhua yam ua los ntawm Sofronitsky tsis tuaj yeem sau npe - nws khaws ntau pua txoj haujlwm hauv nws lub cim xeeb thiab hauv nws tus ntiv tes, tuaj yeem tshaj tawm (uas, los ntawm txoj kev, nws tau ua) ntau tshaj li kaum tawm kev hais kwv txhiaj. cov kev pab cuam, yam tsis tau rov ua dua nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm lawv: nws repertoire yeej tsis muaj kawg.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub siab lub ntsws tshwm sim ntawm pianist yuav tsum tau txwv ntau, kev cuam tshuam muab txoj kev mus rau qhov tob thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev paub, uas twb tau hais, thiab heev heev. Cov duab ntawm lub lig Sofronitsky, tus kws kos duab uas dim ntawm tsov rog, txaus ntshai Leningrad lub caij ntuj no ntawm plaub caug-ib tug, poob ntawm cov neeg hlub, crystallizes nyob rau hauv nws cov ntsiab lus. Tej zaum ua si soyuav ua li cas nws ua si nyob rau hauv nws lub xyoo poob, nws tsuas yog ua tau kom tso tseg nws txoj sia. Muaj ib rooj plaub thaum nws bluntly hais txog qhov no rau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv uas tab tom sim piav ib yam dab tsi ntawm lub piano nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm nws tus kws qhia ntawv. Cov neeg uas tau mus xyuas pianist lub keyboard bands nyob rau hauv lub forties thiab fifties yog tsis zoo li yuav tsis nco qab nws txhais lus ntawm Mozart's C-me fantasy, Schubert-Liszt zaj nkauj, Beethoven's "Apassionata", Tragic Poem thiab Scriabin's kawg sonatas, Chopin's pieces, Fa- sharp- me me sonata, "Kreisleriana" thiab lwm yam hauj lwm los ntawm Schumann. Kev txaus siab majesty, yuav luag monumentalism ntawm Sofronitsky lub suab tsim yuav tsis hnov ​​qab; sculptural nyem thiab bulge ntawm pianistic cov ntsiab lus, kab, contours; heev nthuav, ntsuj plig-scaring "deklamato". Thiab ib qho ntxiv: qhov ntau thiab ntau kom meej meej manifested lapidarity ntawm kev ua yeeb yam style. "Nws pib ua si txhua yam yooj yim dua thiab nruj dua li yav dhau los," sau tseg cov kws ntaus nkauj uas paub nws tus yam ntxwv zoo, "tab sis qhov yooj yim, laconism thiab kev txawj ntse ua rau kuv xav tsis thoob li tsis tau muaj dua. Nws tsuas yog muab cov ntsiab lus liab qab tshaj plaws, zoo li ib qho kev mloog zoo kawg nkaus, kev xav, kev xav, yuav ... (Nikonovich IV Memories ntawm VV Sofronitsky // Cited ed.)

Sofronitsky nws tus kheej suav hais tias lub sijhawm ntawm tsib caug xyoo yog qhov nthuav tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm kos duab. Feem ntau, nws yog li ntawd. Lub hnub poob kos duab ntawm lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam yog qee zaum pleev xim rau hauv cov suab nrov tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb hauv lawv qhov kev nthuav tawm - lub suab ntawm lub neej thiab muaj tswv yim "kub lub caij nplooj zeeg"; cov tones uas zoo li ib qho kev xav tau muab pov tseg los ntawm sab ntsuj plig enlightenment, tob rau hauv tus kheej, condensed psychologism. Nrog kev zoo siab tsis txaus ntseeg, peb mloog Beethoven qhov kawg opuses, saib lub ntsej muag quaj ntsuag ntawm Rembrandt cov txiv neej thiab poj niam laus, raug ntes los ntawm nws sai ua ntej nws tuag, thiab nyeem qhov kawg ua ntawm Goethe's Faust, Tolstoy Txoj Kev Sawv Rov Los los yog Dostoevsky's Cov Kwv Tij Karamazov. Nws poob mus rau tiam tom qab tsov rog ntawm Soviet cov neeg mloog kom tau txais kev sib cuag nrog cov masterpieces tiag tiag ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab kev ua yeeb yam - cov masterpieces ntawm Sofronitsky. Lawv tus tsim tseem nyob hauv lub siab ntawm ntau txhiab tus neeg, ua tsaug thiab hlub tshua nco txog nws txoj kev zoo nkauj.

G. Tsipin