Thomas Beecham (Thomas Beecham) |

Thomas Beecham

Thomas Beecham yog ib tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag uas tau tso tseg qhov cim tsis zoo ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm peb lub xyoo pua, hauv suab paj nruag lub neej ntawm lawv lub tebchaws. Tus tub ntawm ib tug tub lag luam, nws kawm hauv Oxford, tsis tau mus kawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv lossis ib lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag: nws txoj kev kawm tag nrho tsuas yog siv rau ob peb chav kawm ntiag tug. Tab sis nws txiav txim siab tsis koom nrog kev lag luam, tab sis mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau suab paj nruag.

Lub koob meej tuaj rau Beecham twb nyob rau hauv 1899, tom qab nws ib zaug hloov Hans Richter ntawm Halle Orchestra.

Lub majesty ntawm nws tsos, temperamental thiab thawj yam ntawm kev coj, loj improvisational, raws li zoo raws li eccentricity ntawm tus cwj pwm coj Beecham muaj koob meej thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no. Tus neeg hais dab neeg tsis txaus ntseeg, tus kws tshaj lij thiab sib tham sib tham, nws tau tsim kev sib cuag nrog cov kws ntaus nkauj uas nyiam ua haujlwm nrog nws. Tej zaum qhov ntawd yog ib feem yog vim li cas Beecham tau los ua tus tsim thiab tsim ntawm ntau pawg. Nyob rau hauv 1906 nws nrhiav tau lub New Symphony Orchestra, nyob rau hauv 1932 lub London Philharmonic, thiab nyob rau hauv 1946 lub Royal Philharmonic. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua suab paj nruag Askiv rau ntau xyoo.

Pib xyoo 1909 los ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam, Beecham tom qab ntawd tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Covent Garden, uas feem ntau siv nws cov kev pab nyiaj txiag. Tab sis saum toj no tag nrho Beecham los ua nto moo raws li ib tug zoo heev tshuab raj-interpreter. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev tshoov siab thiab kev pom tseeb tau cim nws txoj kev txhais lus ntawm ntau cov txuj ci classical, feem ntau Mozart, Berlioz, ua haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg sau ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMXth - R. Strauss, Rimsky-Korsakov, Sibelius, thiab kuj Stravinsky. "Muaj cov thawj coj," ib tug ntawm cov neeg thuam, "nws lub koob npe nrov yog raws li "lawv" Beethoven, "lawv" Brahms, "lawv" Strauss. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg uas nws Mozart yog li aristocratically elegant, nws Berlioz yog li brilliantly pompous, nws Schubert yog yooj yim thiab lyrical li Beecham's. Ntawm cov kws sau ntawv Askiv, Beecham feem ntau ua cov haujlwm ntawm F. Dilius, tab sis lwm tus kws sau ntawv tau pom qhov chaw rau lawv tus kheej hauv nws cov haujlwm.

Kev coj ua, Beecham muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws purity, lub zog thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm lub suab paj nruag. Nws mob siab rau "txhua tus neeg ntaus suab paj nruag los ua nws tus kheej, zoo li tus soloist." Tom qab lub console yog ib tus neeg ntaus suab paj nruag impulsive uas muaj lub hwj chim txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam lub suab paj nruag, "hypnotic" cuam tshuam los ntawm nws daim duab tag nrho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "tsis muaj ib qho ntawm nws gestures," raws li tus neeg saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, "tau kawm thiab paub ua ntej. Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub orchestra kuj paub qhov no, thiab thaum lub sij hawm concerts lawv tau npaj txhij rau cov pirouettes feem ntau xav tsis thoob. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev xyaum ua haujlwm tau txwv rau kev qhia lub suab paj nruag yam uas tus neeg saib xyuas xav ua tiav ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj. Tab sis Beecham yeej ib txwm tag nrho ntawm invincible lub siab nyiam, kev ntseeg siab hauv nws lub tswv yim. Thiab nws tsis tu ncua coj lawv mus rau txoj sia. Rau tag nrho cov originality ntawm nws artistic xwm, Beecham yog ib tug zoo ensemble player. Ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam zoo heev, nws tau muab sijhawm rau cov neeg hu nkauj kom nthuav tawm lawv lub peev xwm. Beecham yog thawj tus qhia rau cov pej xeem Askiv xws li cov tswv xws li Caruso thiab Chaliapin.

Beecham ncig xyuas tsawg dua nws cov npoj yaig, mob siab rau ntau lub zog rau cov suab paj nruag Askiv. Tab sis nws lub zog yog inexhaustible, thiab twb thaum muaj hnub nyoog yim caum nws ua ib tug loj ncig xyuas ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab South America, feem ntau ua nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Tsis tshua muaj npe nrov sab nraud ntawm Askiv coj nws ntau kaw; tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej nws tso tawm ntau tshaj peb caug cov ntaub ntawv.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek