Mob stroke |
Hatch (German Strich - kab, kab mob stroke; Stricharten - strokes, hom strokes; Bogenstrich - lub zog ntawm hneev raws txoj hlua) - ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm instr. txheej txheem, txoj kev ua tau zoo (thiab qhov xwm ntawm lub suab uas nyob ntawm nws). Cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm Sh. tau txiav txim siab hauv kev xyaum ua si cov hlua. bowed instruments (feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv violin), thiab lawv cov ntsiab cai thiab cov npe tom qab raug xa mus rau lwm hom kev ua yeeb yam. Sh. raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub suab xa khoom, cuam tshuam nrog hom kev txav ntawm lub hneev, yuav tsum txawv ntawm txoj kev tsim suab, piv txwv li. lub tswvyim ntawm Sh. tsis suav nrog harmonics, pizzicato thiab col legno ntawm bowed hlua. Sh. yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "pronunciation" ntawm lub suab ntawm lub twj paj nruag, thiab, yog li ntawd, sh. yuav tsum tau suav hais tias yog ib qho phenomenon ntawm articulation. Sh. txoj kev xaiv yog txiav txim los ntawm stylistic. cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab paj nruag ua, nws cov cim piv txwv, nrog rau kev txhais lus. Muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm Sh.; Nws zoo nkaus li tsim nyog los faib lawv ua 2 pawg: S. cais (Fabkis dйtachй, los ntawm dйtacher - cais) thiab S. txuas (Ital. legato - txuas, smoothly, los ntawm legare - txuas). Ch. ib lub cim ntawm cais Sh. - txhua lub suab raug ua nyias. hneev taw; cov no suav nrog loj thiab me détaché, martelé, spiccato, sautillé. Ch. ib lub cim ntawm cov suab sib txuas yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau lub suab nrog ib qho txav ntawm hneev; cov no suav nrog legato, portamento lossis portato (qhov hnyav legato, Fabkis lourй), staccato, ricochet. Sh. tuaj yeem ua ke. Ib qho kev faib tawm zoo sib xws ntawm sh yog siv tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov twj paj nruag cua. Legato txhais qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cantilena nrog ntau qib ntawm lub suab ceev; dйtachй ua hauj lwm los xaiv lub suab, txhua tus tau txais nrog kev pab los ntawm otd. tshuab (tawm) ntawm tus nplaig. Tshwj xeeb rau qee cov cuab yeej cua (flute, horn, trumpet) Sh. - ob npaug thiab triple staccato, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov ntawm tus nplaig tawm tsam thiab kev ntshaw (tus neeg ua yeeb yam hais cov lus "ta-ka" lossis "ta-ta-ka"). Sh. ntawm cov cuab yeej plucked muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab muaj feem xyuam nrog ntau txoj hauv kev tawm tsam txoj hlua nrog ntiv tes lossis plectrum. Nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm Sh., dec. kuj ua ke. Cov tswv yim rau kev ua si percussion, keyboard instruments (legato, staccato, martel, thiab lwm yam).
References: Stepanov BA, Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm hneev strokes, D., 1960; Braudo IA, Articulation, L., 1961, M., 1973; Redotov AL, Methods of teaching to play wind instruments, M., 1975; saib lit. ntawm Art. Articulation.
TA Repchanskaya, VP Frayonov
