Stereophony |

ntawv. - spatial suab, los ntawm Greek. stereos - puag ncig, spatial thiab ponn - suab

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xov tooj thiab tshaj tawm, nrog rau kev kaw suab thiab nws cov kev tsim tawm, nrog rau qhov uas tus cwj pwm ntawm lub suab tau khaws cia, qhia txog qhov kev npaj ntawm qhov decomp. suab qhov chaw thiab lawv txav. Ib tug neeg txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm lub suab nrov hauv qhov chaw sib txuas nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm pob ntseg sab xis thiab sab laug; nyob rau hauv physiology nws yog hu ua. binaural nyhuv. Nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis tsim ntawm lub nthwv dej pem hauv ntej ntawm lub suab thiab tus mloog lub taub hau, qhov txawv. audibility los ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug pob ntseg yog txiav txim los ntawm theem sib txawv ntawm lub perceived suab nthwv dej thiab los ntawm lub weakening ntawm lub suab raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm nws ib feem shielding los ntawm tus mloog lub taub hau. Hauv xov tooj thiab xov tooj cua, cov nyhuv tso suab tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv ob-channel sib kis los ntawm ob txoj kev sib cais. microphones (tso rau ntawm ib qho deb ntawm ib leeg) thiab nws playback siv ob otd. xov tooj los yog ob tug hais lus (acoustic speaker). Rau cov suab kaw suab yog siv ob lub microphones nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm otd. amplifiers thiab ob synchronous kaw raws. Nyob rau hauv ib lub stereogram, ob lub teeb liab yog tsau rau tib qhov zawj. Lub cutter ntawm lub stereo recorder oscillates nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ob lub sib nqus los yog piezoelectric rog coj tus txheeb ze rau ib leeg ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 °. Suab reproduction yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb adapter ntaus ntawv thiab ob otd. amplifiers nrog cov neeg hais lus tau teeb tsa nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm chav tsev thiab qhov deb ntawm cov neeg mloog. Rau cov yeeb yaj kiab, tso suab kaw tau ua tiav optically. txoj kev raws ntug ntawm zaj duab xis los ntawm txoj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov dav lossis qhov ceev ntawm cov teeb liab imprinted ntawm ob txoj kab sib txuas rau ob lub microphones. Sib nqus stereo kaw yog tsim los siv ob lub microphones nrog ib qho sib cais. amplifiers thiab magnetic recording heads on two track of the film, and stereo playback – using otd. amplifiers los ntawm ob lub taub hau sib nqus thiab ob lub acoustic. hais lus ntsia ntawm qhov xav tau deb. Rau estr. stereo tej zaum peb cais microphone-amplifying thiab suab-reproducing raws yog siv; peb kab acoustic nyob thoob plaws qhov dav ntawm theem.

Stereo suab kaw coj kev xaav ntawm cov suab paj nruag los ze zog rau qhov uas yog nqa tawm ncaj qha. mloog nws kev ua yeeb yam hauv conc. chav tsev. Lub degree ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ua tiav nrog nws cov kev pab stereophonic. Cov nyhuv yog nyob ntawm qhov khoom ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm rau ib qho keeb kwm tshwj xeeb. era, mus rau ib hom ntawv nyeem, raws li zoo raws li los ntawm nws stylistic. nta thiab kev ua haujlwm. muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub 18-19 centuries. composers strove rau qhov loj tshaj tau kev sib sau ntawm suab decomp. pab pawg ntawm lub orchestra, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam ("zaum" ntawm lub orchestra). Ib leeg-channel kaw cov khoom zoo li no. txawm ntau nce kev sib sau ntawm lub suab ntawm lub ork. pab pawg, thiab tso suab khaws cia lawv qhov chaw tiag tiag, dispersion. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kaw suab paj nruag, qhov chaw thiab qhov cuam tshuam tau siv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov (qhov no tsuas yog siv rau kev tsim suab paj nruag ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th; saib Spatial music), lub luag haujlwm ntawm S. nce. Los ntawm 70s. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, ntxiv rau ib txwm stereophonic, plaub-channel, quadraphonic suab kaw kuj siv, nrog ib tug txiav plaub microphones (thaum lub sij hawm kaw) thiab plaub acoustic. txhua kab (thaum lub sijhawm ua yeeb yaj kiab) yog nyob ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm ib lub square lossis duab plaub, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas yog tus ua yeeb yam (cov neeg ua yeeb yam) thiab, raws li, tus mloog. Txawv teb chaws (Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Great Britain, Asmeskas, thiab lwm yam) pib quadraphonic. xov tooj cua tshaj tawm yog tsim quadraphonic. xov tooj cua receivers, amplifiers, tape recorders, electric players thiab gramophone records. S. rau ntsug orientation ntawm lub suab tseem tsis tau txais tswv yim. daim ntawv thov.

References: Goron IE, Broadcasting, M., 1944; Volkov-Lannit LF, Art of Imprinted Sound. Cov ntawv sau keeb kwm ntawm gramophone, M., 1964; Rimsky-Korsakov AV, Electroacoustics, Moscow, 1973; Purduev VV, Stereophony thiab multichannel suab tshuab, M., 1973; Stravinsky I., (On stereophony), nyob rau hauv phau ntawv: Memories and commentaries, NY, 1960 (Lavxias teb sab txhais – nyob rau hauv phau ntawv: Stravinsky I., Dialogues, L., 1971, pp. 289-91).

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