Sergey Nikyforovych Vasilenko (Sergei Vasilenko) |

Sergei Vasilenko

Kuv tuaj rau lub ntiaj teb no pom lub hnub. K. Balmont

Tus kws sau nkauj, tus thawj coj, tus kws qhia ntawv, suab paj nruag thiab pej xeem daim duab S. Vasilenko tau tsim los ua ib tus neeg muaj tswv yim nyob rau xyoo ua ntej kev hloov pauv. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov suab paj nruag style yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kev paub ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics, tab sis qhov no tsis suav nrog kev txaus siab rau kev paub txog ntau yam tshiab ntawm kev nthuav qhia. Tus kws sau ntawv tsev neeg txhawb nqa Vasilenko txoj kev nyiam ua yeeb yam. Nws kawm txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke raws li kev coj ua ntawm tus txawj sau ntawv A. Grechaninov, nyiam cov duab los ntawm V. Polenov, V. Vasnetsov, M. Vrubel, V. Borisov-Musatov. "Kev sib txuas ntawm suab paj nruag thiab kev pleev xim tau pom tseeb rau kuv txhua xyoo," Vasilenko tau sau tom qab. Cov tub ntxhais suab paj nruag nyiam nyob rau hauv keeb kwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog laus Lavxias teb sab, kuj zoo kawg thiab. Lub xyoo ntawm kev kawm ntawm Moscow University (1891-95), txoj kev kawm ntawm tib neeg tau muab ntau heev rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm artistic tus kheej. Vasilenko txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm V. Klyuchevsky yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Xyoo 1895-1901. Vasilenko yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Moscow Conservatory. Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag Lavxias tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - S. Taneev, V. Safonov, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov - tau los ua nws tus cob qhia thiab tom qab ntawd cov phooj ywg. Los ntawm Taneyev, Vasilenko ntsib P. Tchaikovsky. Maj mam, nws cov suab paj nruag kev sib raug zoo tau nthuav dav: Vasilenko tab tom txav ze rau Petersburgers - N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov, A. Lyadov, M. Balakirev; nrog suab paj nruag critics N. Kashkin thiab S. Kruglikov; nrog ib tug connoisseur ntawm Znamenny chant S. Smolensky. Kev sib ntsib nrog A. Scriabin thiab S. Rachmaninov, uas tau pib lawv txoj kev ci ntsa iab, yeej ib txwm nthuav.

Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub Conservatory xyoo, Vasilenko yog tus sau ntawm ntau compositions, qhov pib ntawm uas twb nteg nyob rau hauv lub epic symphonic duab "Peb Battles" (1895, raws li tib tsab xov xwm los ntawm AK Tolstoy). Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm dominates nyob rau hauv lub opera-cantata Zaj dab neeg ntawm lub Great City ntawm Kitezh thiab lub Quiet Lake Svetoyar (1902), thiab nyob rau hauv lub Epic paj huam (1903), thiab nyob rau hauv thawj Symphony (1906), raws li nyob rau hauv ancient Lavxias teb sab cult tunes. . Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ua ntej revolutionary ntawm nws txoj hauj lwm muaj tswv yim, Vasilenko them tribute rau ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv tiam sis ntawm peb lub sij hawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog impressionism (symphonic paj huam "Lub vaj ntawm kev tuag", lub suab suite "Spells", thiab lwm yam). Vasilenko txoj kev muaj tswv yim tau siv sijhawm ntau dua 60 xyoo, nws tsim ntau dua 200 cov haujlwm uas suav nrog ntau hom suab paj nruag - los ntawm kev sib hlub thiab kev hloov pauv dawb ntawm ntau haiv neeg, suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab yeeb yaj kiab mus rau symphonies thiab operas. Tus kws sau paj lug nyiam nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab nkauj thiab cov nkauj ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ib txwm nyob twj ywm unchanged, tob zuj zus los ntawm ntau mus rau Russia, European lub teb chaws, tim lyiv teb chaws, Syria, Qaib ntxhw ("Maori Songs", "Old Italian Songs", "Cov nkauj ntawm Fabkis. Troubadours", "Exotic Suite" thiab lwm yam).

Los ntawm 1906 mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej Vasilenko qhia nyob rau hauv Moscow Conservatory. Ntau tshaj li ib tiam ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag tau kawm hauv nws cov chav kawm sau thiab instrumentation (An. Aleksandrov, AV Aleksandrov, N. Golovanov, V. Nechaev, D. Rogal-Levitsky, N. Chemberdzhi, D. Kabalevsky, A. Khachaturian thiab lwm tus.) . Rau 10 xyoo (1907-17) Vasilenko yog tus organizer thiab tus thawj coj ntawm lub nrov keeb kwm Concerts. Lawv muaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm tus nqi pib qis, thiab cov kev pab cuam tau tsim los npog tag nrho cov suab paj nruag nplua nuj txij li xyoo pua 40th mus ntxiv. thiab mus txog rau tam sim no. Vasilenko muab yuav luag 1942 xyoo ntawm kev muaj tswv yim ua haujlwm rau Soviet suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai, nrog rau tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv optimism thiab patriotism. Tej zaum cov qualities no manifested lawv tus kheej nrog tshwj xeeb quab yuam nyob rau hauv nws kawg, thib rau opera, Suvorov (XNUMX).

Vasilenko txaus siab tig mus rau ballet creativity. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws ballets, tus composer tsim muaj yeeb yuj duab ntawm pej xeem lub neej, dav siv lub suab thiab suab paj nruag ntawm ntau haiv neeg - lus Mev nyob rau hauv Lola, Italian nyob rau hauv Mirandolina, Uzbek nyob rau hauv Akbilyak.

Cov lus dab neeg ntawm ntau haiv neeg kuj tau tshwm sim hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj yeeb yuj symphonic tej hauj lwm (symphonic suite "Turkmen Pictures", "Hindu Suite", "Carousel", "Soviet East", thiab lwm yam). Lub teb chaws pib tseem ua rau Vasilenko tsib symphonies. Yog li, "Arctic Symphony", uas tau mob siab rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Chelyuskins, yog raws li Pomor suab paj nruag. Vasilenko yog ib tus thawj coj ntawm kev tsim suab paj nruag rau pej xeem Lavxias. Paub dav yog nws Concerto rau balalaika thiab orchestra, sau rau balalaika virtuoso N. Osipov.

Vasilenko's vocal lyrics, original in terms of melodies and sharp rhythms, muaj ntau nplooj ntawv ci ntsa iab (romances ntawm st. V. Bryusov, K. Balmont, I. Bunin, A. Blok, M. Lermontov).

Vasilenko cov cuab yeej cuab tam muaj tswv yim kuj suav nrog nws txoj kev xav thiab kev sau ntawv - "Kev ntsuas rau lub suab paj nruag", "Cov nplooj ntawv nco". Vasilenko cov lus qhuab qhia tiag tiag rau cov neeg tuaj saib coob, nws cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov suab paj nruag hauv xov tooj cua yog nco. Ib tug kws ua yeeb yam uas ua haujlwm ncaj ncees rau cov neeg nrog nws cov duab, Vasilenko nws tus kheej txaus siab rau qhov ntsuas ntawm nws lub tswv yim: "Kev ua neej nyob txhais tau tias ua haujlwm nrog txhua lub zog ntawm ib tus neeg muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo ntawm Niam Txiv."

Hais txog. Tompakova